The world'slongest suspension bridgesare listed according to the length of their mainspan(i.e., the length of suspended roadway between the bridge's towers). The length of the main span is the most common method of comparing the sizes ofsuspension bridges,often correlating with the height of the towers and the engineering complexity involved in designing and constructing the bridge.[4]If one bridge has a longer span than another, it does not necessarily mean that the bridge is longer from shore to shore (or fromabutmentto abutment).
Suspension bridges have the longest spans of any type of bridge.Cable-stayed bridges,the next longest design, are practical for spans up to just over 1 kilometre (thelongest cable-stayed bridge in the worldhas a 1,104m span). Therefore, as of January 2025, the 33 longest bridges on this list are the 33 longest spans of all types of vehicular bridges (other than floatingpontoon bridges).
The1915 Çanakkale Bridgein Turkey holds the record since opening to traffic in March 2022, with a span of 2,023 metres (6,637 ft).[1][3]Since 1998, theAkashi Kaikyo Bridgein Japan previously held the record with a span of 1,991 metres (6,532 ft).
Completed suspension bridges
editThis list includes only completed suspension bridges that carry automobiles or trains that are at least 1,000 m (3,300 ft) long. It does not include cable-stayed bridges,footbridges,orpipeline bridges.
Green | Denotes bridge that contains or previously contained the longest span in the world |
Bridges under construction
editMost of the large suspension bridges built in recent years have been in the People's Republic of China. As the following list shows, most of the bridges under construction are also in China.
Name | Main span metres (feet) |
Year to open | Location | Country | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zhangjiagang-Jingjiang-RugaoYangtze RiverBridge (South span)
Trương tĩnh cao trường giang đại kiều nam hàng đạo kiều |
2,300 m (7,550 ft) | 2028 | Zhangjiagang(Jiangsu) 32°1′13″N120°31′32″E/ 32.02028°N 120.52556°E |
China | [67] |
Shiziyang Bridge
Sư tử dương đại kiều |
2,180 m (7,150 ft) | 2028 | Guangzhou-Dongguan | China | [68] |
Yanji Yangtze River Bridge
Yến cơ trường giang đại kiều |
1,860 m (6,100 ft) | 2025 | Huanggang-Ezhou(Hubei) 30°24′21″N114°59′22″E/ 30.40583°N 114.98944°E |
China | [69] |
Shuangyumen Bridge
Song dữ môn đặc đại kiều |
1,768 m (5,800 ft) | 2027 | Zhoushan(Zhejiang) 29°44′29″N122°02′50.23″E/ 29.74139°N 122.0472861°E |
China | [70] |
Nanjing Xianxin Road Yangtze River Bridge Nam kinh tiên tân lộ quá giang thông đạo |
1,760 m (5,770 ft) | 2025 | Nanjing(Jiangsu) 32°10′55″N118°53′46″E/ 32.18194°N 118.89611°E |
China | [71] |
Lugu Lake Bridge
Lô cô hồ đặc đại kiều |
1,680 m (5,510 ft)[72] | 2027 | Liangshan(Sichuan) | China | [73] |
Xiaowan Lancang River Bridge
Tiểu loan lan thương giang đặc đại kiều |
1,575 m (5,170 ft) | Fengqing(Yunnan) | China | [74] | |
Dadong Jinsha River Bridge
Đại đông kim sa giang đặc đại kiều |
1,520 m (4,990 ft) | 2026 | Lijiang,(Yunnan) | China | [75] |
Xihoumen Rail / Road Bridge
Tây hậu môn công thiết lưỡng dụng đại kiều |
1,488 m (4,882 ft) | 2026 | Zhoushan(Zhejiang) 30°4′49.83″N121°54′12.04″E/ 30.0805083°N 121.9033444°E |
China | [76] |
Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge
Song liễu trường giang đại kiều |
1,430 m (4,690 ft) | 2026 | Wuhan-Ezhou(Hubei) 30°36′28″N114°44′59″E/ 30.60778°N 114.74972°E |
China | [77] |
Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge
Hoa giang hiệp cốc đại kiều |
1,420 m (4,659 ft) | 2025 | Guanling-Zhenfeng(Guizhou) | China | [78][79] |
Yongchang Lancang River Bridge
Vĩnh xương lan thương giang đại kiều |
1,416 m (4,646 ft) | Changning(Yunnan) | China | ||
Dahe Bridge Đại hà đặc đại kiều |
1,250 m (4,100 ft) | 2027 | Liupanshui(Guizhou) | China | [80][81] |
Fuxing Yangtze River Bridge
Giang long cao tốc phục hưng trường giang đại kiều |
1,208 m (3,960 ft) | 2025 | Yunyang,Chongqing | China | [82] |
Zhangjiagang-Jingjiang-Rugao Yangtze River Bridge (North span)
Trương tĩnh cao trường giang đại kiều bắc hàng đạo kiều |
1,208 m (3,960 ft) | 2028 | Jingjiang(Jiangsu) 32°3′11″N120°32′54″E/ 32.05306°N 120.54833°E |
China | [67] |
Yalong River Bridge
Nhã lung giang đặc đại kiều |
1,200 m (3,940 ft) | 2028 | Liangshan(Sichuan) | China | [73] |
Wudongde Jinsha River Bridge
Ô đông đức kim sa giang đặc đại kiều |
1,180 m (3,870 ft) | 2026 | Liangshan(Sichuan) | China | [73] |
Libu Yangtze River Rail/Road Bridge
Lý phụ trường giang công thiết đại kiều |
1,120 m (3,670 ft) | 2027 | Jingzhou(Hubei) | China | [83] |
Xingyi Yangtze River Rail/Road Bridge
Hưng nghĩa trường giang công thiết đại kiều |
1,120 m (3,670 ft) | 2028 | Fengdu(Chongqing) | China | [84] |
Chacao Channel bridge | 1,100 m (3,600 ft) | 2025[85] | Calbuco–Chiloé 41°47′38″S73°31′15″W/ 41.79389°S 73.52083°W |
Chile | [86] |
Zangkejiang Bridge Tang ca giang đại kiều |
1,080 m (3,543 ft) | 2025 | Shuicheng-Pu'an(Guizhou) | China | [87] |
Chuandian Jinsha River Bridge Xuyên điền kim sa giang đặc đại kiều |
1,060 m (3,480 ft) | 2025 | Yunnan–Sichuan | China | [88] |
Sichuan-Tibet Railway Dadu River Bridge Xuyên tàng thiết lộ đại độ hà đặc đại kiều |
1,060 m (3,480 ft) | 2030 | Luding,Sichuan | China | [89] |
Sichuan-Tibet Railway Nu River Bridge Xuyên tàng thiết lộ nộ giang đặc đại kiều |
1,040 m (3,410 ft) | 2030 | Changdu,Xizang | China | [89] |
Kahaluo Jinsha River Bridge
Tạp cáp lạc kim sa giang đặc đại kiều |
1,030 m (3,380 ft) | 2025 | Yunnan–Sichuan | China | [90] |
History of longest suspension spans
editImage | Bridge | Location | Length m (ft) |
Years of longest span |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hypothesized support |
Maya Bridge at Yaxchilan | Mexico | 62 m (203 ft) | 600–1430 | Hemp-ropesimple suspension footbridge.Existence unproven. No longer standing.
Prior longest bridges are located inList of longest arch bridge spans. Exceeded by the masonry archTrezzo sull'Adda Bridgefrom 1377 to 1416, with main span of 72 m. |
Chushul Chakzam | Tibet,China | 137 m (449 ft) | 1430–1820 | Chain suspension footbridge south of Lhasa, built byThangtong Gyalpo.Reported by British spies to still be in use in 1878. Later (before 1904) fell into disuse after river course changed, swamping the northern end.[91]Dynamited by Chinese soldiers after theBattle of Chamdoin 1950.[92] | |
Union Chain Bridge | Scotland–England,UK | 137 m (449 ft) | 1820–1826 | The oldest in the world still in use today. | |
Menai Suspension Bridge | Wales,UK | 176 m (577 ft) | 1826–1834 | ||
Great Suspension Bridge | Fribourg,Switzerland | 271 m (889 ft) | 1834–1849 | The bridge was replaced by theZähringen Bridge in the 1920s. | |
Wheeling Suspension Bridge | West Virginia,US | 308 m (1,010 ft) | 1849–1866 | The longest deck span from 1849 until 1866, and the oldest vehicular suspension bridge in use in the United States until 2019. | |
Queenston-Lewiston Bridge | US andCanada | 317 m (1,040 ft) | 1851–1866 | The longest cable span from 1851 until it was destroyed by wind in 1864. However, the road deck span was only 258 meters long. | |
John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge | Kentucky–Ohio,US | 322 m (1,056 ft) | 1866–1869 | ||
Niagara Clifton Bridge | US andCanada | 384 m (1,260 ft) | 1869–1883 | Replaced in 1899. | |
Brooklyn Bridge | New York City,US | 486 m (1,594 ft) | 1883–1903 | ||
Williamsburg Bridge | New York City,US | 488 m (1,601 ft) | 1903–1926 | It was the longest suspension span but not the longest span of all bridges. TheForth Bridge,completed in 1890, a cantilever bridge with two spans of 521 m was longer until surpassed by theQuebec Bridgein 1917. | |
Bear Mountain Bridge | New York,US | 497 m (1,631 ft) | 1924–1926 | It was the longest suspension span but not the longest span of all bridges. TheQuebec Bridgecompleted in 1917, a cantilever bridge with a span of 549 m was longer until surpassed in 1929 by theAmbassador Bridge.
The first suspension bridge to have a concrete deck. The construction methods pioneered in building it would make possible several much larger projects to follow. | |
Benjamin Franklin Bridge | Pennsylvania–New Jersey,US | 533 m (1,749 ft) | 1926–1929 | It was the longest suspension span but not the longest span of all bridges. | |
Ambassador Bridge | US andCanada | 564 m (1,850 ft) | 1929–1931 | Since this bridge was built, the record for longest bridge span has only been held by suspension bridges. | |
George Washington Bridge | New York–New Jersey,US | 1,067 m (3,501 ft) | 1931–1937 | The first span longer than 1 km. Nearly double the length of any previously built bridge at the time of its opening. | |
Golden Gate Bridge | California,US | 1,280 m (4,200 ft) | 1937–1964 | Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1937 to 1964 | |
Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge | New York City,US | 1,298 m (4,259 ft) | 1964–1981 | Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1964 to 1981 | |
Humber Bridge | Yorkshire,UK | 1,410 m (4,630 ft) | 1981–1998 | Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1981 to 1998 | |
Akashi Kaikyo Bridge | Japan | 1,991 m (6,532 ft) | 1998–2022 | Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1998 to 2022. The largest ever increase in length. | |
Çanakkale 1915 Bridge | Turkey | 2,023 m (6,637 ft) | 2022–Present | The longest bridge span in the world since 2022. The first span longer than 2 km. |
Other record-holding suspension bridges
edit- Sidu River Bridge(China). Opened in 2009, it is the highest suspension bridge in the world at 472 m elevation and the second highest bridge of any type.
- San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge Eastern Span(California,United States). Opened in 2013, it is the widest bridge in the world (78.74 m [258.3 ft]), the most expensive bridge and the largestself-anchored suspension bridgeever constructed.[96][97]
- Tacoma Narrows Bridges(Washington,United States). Opened in 1950 and 2007, the pair of bridges with the longest spans in the world (853 m [2,799 ft]).
- Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge(Turkey). Opened in 2016, it has longest span carrying road and rail traffic (1,408 m [4,619 ft]).
- Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge(China). Opened in 2019 with the longest double deck span (1,700 m [5,600 ft]).[98]
- George Washington Bridge(New YorkandNew Jersey,United States). Opened in 1931, it is the suspension bridge with the most lanes of traffic (at fourteen total on two levels).
- Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge(Japan). Opened in 1999, it is the world's longest suspension bridge structure.
- Great Seto Bridge(Japan). Opened in 1978 and 1988, it is the longest two-tiered bridge system (but not all of the spans that make up the bridge system are suspension bridges).
- Sky Bridge 721(Czech Republic). Opened in 2022, it is the longest suspension pedestrian bridge in the world (721 m).[99]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^Two main spans, 1,080 meters long each
References
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- ^Tim Gibson (11 May 2022)."Turkey Has Built the World's Longest Suspension Bridge".The B1M.
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- ^Duan, Lian (2014). "Longest Bridges and Bridge Spans". In Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (eds.).Handbook of International Bridge Engineering.Boca Raton, Florida:CRC Press.p. 1307.ISBN978-1-4398-1029-3.Retrieved3 February2015– via google books.
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- Note: Some of the information posted on the following sites may differ from that above. As of 21 February 2006, the sites were out of date or inaccurate as noted in parentheses
- Denenberg, David,Bridgemeister.com(an extensive inventory of more than 8,400 suspension bridges)
- Janberg, Nicolas,Suspension bridges,Structurae.de (an extensive database of structures including many suspension bridges)
- Durkee, Jackson,"World's Longest Bridge Spans",National Steel Bridge Alliance, 24 May 1999 (out of date)
- The World's Greatest Bridges,Archive.org copy of The Bridge over the Strait of Messina website (out of date and other errors)
- List of longest spans,Pub Quiz Help (includes bridges that have not yet been completed)
- Steel bridges in the world, and other bridge statistics,The Swedish Institute of Steel Construction, March 2003 (out of date)
- Virola, Eur Ing Juhani,Two Millennia - Two Long-Span Suspension Bridges,Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, ATSE Focus No 124, November/December 2002 (revised information up to date as of 2005)
- Virola, Eur Ing Juhani,World's Longest Bridge SpansArchived28 September 2011 at theWayback MachineLaboratory of Bridge Engineering (LBE), Helsinki University of Technology (includes bridges that have not yet been completed)
Further reading
edit- Podolny, Walter Jr.; Goodyear, David (2006). "Cable-suspended bridges". In Roger L. Brockenbrough (ed.).Structural steel designer's handbook: AISC, AASHTO, AISI, ASTM, AREMA, and ASCE-07 design standards(4 ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. pp.15.13 –15.16.ISBN0071432183.—includes a list of major suspension bridges by length
External links
edit- Media related toLongest suspension bridgesat Wikimedia Commons
- (in Japanese)Progress of Center Span on Long-Span BridgesArchived10 May 2015 at theWayback Machineat the Honshū—Shikoku Bridge Expressway Co.