Wikipedia

Maserati MC12

"MC12" redirects here. For the aircraft, seeBeechcraft C-12 Huron.

TheMaserati MC12(Tipo M144S) is a limited production two-seatersports carproduced by Italian car makerMaseratifrom 2004 to 2005, to allow a racing variant to compete in theFIA GT Championship.The car entered production in 2004, with 25 cars produced. A further 25 were produced in 2005 after the FIA changed the rules and reduced the maximum length allowed. The second batch of 25 are 150mm shorter than the originals, making a total of 50 cars available for customers.[6][9]With the addition of 12 cars produced for racing, a total of just 62 were ever produced.[10]

Maserati MC12
A two-door passenger car with side-mounted radiators and a large rear wing.
Overview
ManufacturerMaserati
Also called
  • Maserati MC12 Versione Competizione[1][2]
  • Maserati MC12 Stradale[1]
  • Maserati MCC (development codename)[2][3]
Production2004–2005 (50+12 MC12 Versione Corse)
AssemblyModena,Italy
DesignerFrank Stephenson[4]
Body and chassis
ClassSports car(S)
Racing car
Body style
LayoutLongitudinally-mounted,rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive
Related
Powertrain
Engine5,998 cc (366.0 cu in)Ferrari/Maserati M144AV12[5]
Power output630 PS (463 kW; 621 hp) and 652 N⋅m (481 lbf⋅ft) of torque
Transmission6-speedCambiocorsaautomated manual[6]
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,800 mm (110.2 in)[7]
Length5,143 mm (202.5 in)[7]
Width2,096 mm (82.5 in)[7]
Height1,205 mm (47.4 in)[7]
Curb weight1,500 kg (3,300 lb)[8]
Chronology
PredecessorMaserati Bora
SuccessorMaserati MC20(spiritual)

Maserati designed and built the car on thechassisof theFerrari Enzo,but the final car is much larger and has a lower drag coefficient,[9]along with being longer, wider and taller and has a sharper nose and smoother curves than the Enzo. The Enzo had quicker acceleration, shorterbraking distance,and a higher top speed at 350 km/h (217 mph), 20 km/h (12 mph) more than the MC12.[9][11]

The MC12 was developed to signal Maserati's return to racing after 37 years.[12]The road version was produced tohomologatethe race version. One requirement for participation in the FIA GT is the production of at least 25 road cars. Three GT1race carswere entered into the FIA GT with great success. Maserati began racing the MC12 in the FIA GT toward the end of the 2004 season, winning the race held at theZhuhai International Circuit.The racing MC12s were entered into theAmerican Le Mans Seriesraces in 2005 but exceeded the size restrictions and consequently paid weight penalties due to excess range.

Development

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Under the direction of Giorgio Ascanelli, Maserati began development of anFIA GT-eligible race car. This car, which would eventually be named the MC12, was initially called the "MCC" ( "Maserati Corse Competizione" ) and was to be developed simultaneously with a road-going version, called the "MCS" ( "Maserati Corse Stradale" ).[2]Frank Stephenson,Director of Ferrari-Maserati Concept Design and Development at the time, did the majority of the body styling, but the initial shape was developed during wind tunnel testing from an idea presented byGiorgetto Giugiaro.[13]The MCC has a very similar body shape to the MC12, but there are several key differences, most notably the rearspoiler.[2]Andrea Bertoliniserved as the chief test driver throughout development, although some testing was done byMichael Schumacher,who frequently tested the MCC at theFiorano Circuit.[2]During the development process, the MCC name was set aside after Maserati established the car's official name, MC12.[2][14]

The car is based heavily on theEnzo Ferrari,using a slightly modified version of theFerrari F140 V12 engine,the samegearbox(but given the unique name of "Maserati Cambiocorsa" ) and the same chassis and track (length of axle between the wheels).[9]The windshield is the only externally visible component shared with the Enzo; the MC12 has a unique body which is wider, longer and slightly taller.[1]The increased size creates greaterdownforceacross the MC12's body in addition to the downforce created by the two-metre spoiler.

Design

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The MC12 is a two-doorcoupéwith atarga toproof, although the detached roof cannot be stored in the car.[1]Themid-rear layout(engine between the axles but behind the cabin) keeps thecentre of gravityin the middle of the car, which increases stability and improves the car's cornering ability. The standingweight distributionis 41% front and 59% rear. At speed, however, the downforce provided by the rear spoiler affects this to the extent that at 200 km/h (125 mph) the downforce is 34% front and 66% rear.[1]

Interior

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Even though the car is designed as ahomologationvehicle and is a modification of a racing car, the interior is intended to be luxurious. The interior is a mix of gel-coatedcarbon fibre,blue leather and silver "Brightex", a synthetic material which was found to be "too expensive for the fashion industry".[11]The centre console features the characteristic Maserati ovalanalogue clockand a blue ignition button, but it has been criticised for lacking aradio,car stereoor a place to install anaftermarketsound system.[13][15]

Exterior

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Rear view

The body of the car, made entirely ofcarbon fibre,underwent extensivewind tunneltesting to achieve maximumdownforceacross all surfaces. As a result, the rear spoiler is 2 m (79 in) wide but only 30 mm (1.2 in) thick, the underside of the car is smooth, and the rear bumper hasdiffusersto take advantage ofground effect.[6]Air is sucked into the engine compartment through theair scoop;its positioning on top of the cabin makes the car taller than the Enzo. The exterior is available only in the white-and-blue colour scheme, a tribute to theAmerica Camoradiracing team that drove theMaserati Tipo Birdcagesin the early 1960s. Bespoke colour schemes are available by paying an extra amount.[12][16]The car is noted for the awkwardness that results from its size; very long and wider than aHummer H2.[15]This, combined with the lack of a rear window, can make parking the MC12 challenging.[15]

Exterior color Picture
White ( "Fuji white" with blue accents)
Blue carbon with Italian flag center stripe
Black

Engine

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The MC12 sports a 232 kg (511 lb), 5,998 cc (366.0 cu in)Enzo Ferrari-derivedlongitudinally-mounted65°V12 engine.[17]Each cylinder has4 valves,lubricated via adry sumpsystem, with acompression ratioof 11.2:1.[18]These combine to provide a maximum torque of 652 N⋅m (481 lb⋅ft) at 5,500 rpm and a maximum power of 630 PS (621 hp; 463 kW) at 7,500 rpm.[18]Theredlinerpm is indicated at 7,500—despite being safe up to 7,700—whereas the Enzo has its redline at 8,000 rpm.[1]

The Maserati MC12 can accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 3.8 seconds (thoughMotor Trend Magazinemanaged 3.7 seconds) and on to 200 km/h (124 mph) in 9.9 seconds.[1][6][7]It can complete a standing (from stationary)402 metres (1⁄4mi)in 11.3 seconds with a terminal speed of 200 km/h (124 mph) or a standing kilometre in 20.1 seconds.[1][7]The maximum speed of the Maserati MC12 is 330 km/h (205 mph).[7]Another change on the engine compared with the Enzo was the use of gears to drive the camshafts instead of chains.[19]

Power is fed to the wheels through a rear-mounted, six-speedautomated manual.[20]The gearbox is the same as the Enzo's transmission (tuned to different gear ratios) but renamed "Maserati Cambiocorsa". It provides a shift time of just 150 milliseconds and is mechanical with a 215 mm (8.5 in) twin-platedry clutch.[6][9][21]

Chassis

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The MC12's chassis is amonocoquemade ofcarbonandnomex,with an aluminium sub-chassis at the front and rear. It has aroll barto provide additional strength, comfort and safety.[1][12]Double wishbone suspensionwith push-rod-operatedcoil springsprovide stability anddamperssmooth the ride for the passengers.[22]The front of the car can be raised for speed bumps and hills by pressing a button that extends the front suspension.[13]There are two modes for the chassis' tuning which can also be changed with a button in the cabin: "sport", the standard setting, and "race", which features less of the "BoschASR "(anti-slip regulation)traction control,faster shifts and stiffer suspension.[6][23]

Wheels

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Maserati MC12 wheel

The MC12 has 485 mm (19 in) wheels with a width of 230 mm (9 in) at the front and 330 mm (13 in) at the rear. The tyres are "PirelliP Zero Corsa "with codes of 245/35 ZR 19 for the front tyres and 345/35 ZR 19 for the rear.[16]The brakes areBrembodisc brakes with aBoschanti-lock braking system(ABS).[22]The front brakes have a diameter of 380 mm (15 in) with six-piston calipers and the rear brakes have a diameter of 335 mm (13.2 in) with four-piston calipers.[22]The centre-lock wheel nuts that hold the wheels to the chassis are colour-coded; red on the left of the car, blue on the right.[1]

Reception

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The car has generally received mixed reviews, with critics saying it is hard to drive, overpriced and too large.[24]Other criticisms include the lack of atrunk,rear window, spare tire and radio, and the way the car's engine was limited or "drugged".[1][9]Former driver forVitaphone RacingTeam,Andrea Bertolini,the chief test driver throughout thedevelopment,said the car, "reacts well and is very reliable in its reactions."[25]

TheTop Geartelevision series acquired an MC12, and test driverThe Stigachieved a lap time of 1:18.9 around theTop Geartrack—0.1 seconds faster than his lap in the Enzo Ferrari.[26]HostJeremy Clarksonalso drove it, comparing it to theMaserati Biturbo,a car he disliked.[24]Clarkson criticised the car greatly, pointing out that, unlike theEnzo,it lacks a rear window. Despite his criticisms, he complimented the smooth ride.[27]

Motor Trend Magazinereviewer Frank Markus had a more positive opinion. Despite initial skepticism he said, "It turns out that the Enzo makes a more comfortable and attractive road car when made over as a butch Maserati racer in street couture".[1]Markus complimented the stability of braking and the handling ability of the MC12, especially the drifting allowed by the traction control when cornering, commenting that "There's none of the knife-edged limit handling we criticised in the more extreme Enzo. It's even more forgiving at the limit than anAcura NSX."[1]

WhenAutomobile Magazinetested an MC12, reviewer Preston Lerner called it "user-friendly", praising the responsiveness and simplicity of driving.[28]Lerner approved ofFrank Stephenson's work with the styling of both the car's exterior and interior, calling the trim "Speed-Racer-ish" but "without looking as though it belongs in a Nitrous-ized Civic".[28]He also complimented the ASR's level of intervention, commenting that it "lets the fun factor get reasonably high before kicking in".[28]

MC12 GT1

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Maserati MC12 GT1
CategoryFIA GT1
American Le MansGT1
ConstructorMaserati
Technical specifications
ChassisCarbon-fibre, nomex honeycomb monocoque chassis, front and rear aluminium safety subframes with roll cage
Suspension (front)Double wishbone,push rodoperated overdamper
Suspension (rear)As front
Length5,143mm(202in)
Width2,096mm(83in)
Height1,205mm(47in)
Axle trackFront: 1,660mm(65in)
Rear: 1,650mm(65in)
Wheelbase2,800mm(110in)
EngineMaserati M144B/26.0L(6,000cc;366cu in)V12naturally aspiratedDOHCmid-engined,longitudinally mounted
Transmission6-speedsequentialsemi-automatic paddle-shift gearbox
Weight1,250 kg (2,760 lb) (FIA GT)
1,200 kg (2,600 lb) (ALMS)
FuelEthanolE10
TyresMichelin,Pirelli
Competition history
Notable entrantsAF Corse
JMB Racing
Vitaphone Racing Team
Scuderia Playteam
Racing Box
Doran Racing
Triple H Team Hegersport
Notable driversMika Salo,
Andrea Bertolini,
Karl Wendlinger,
Michael Bartels,
Timo Scheider,
Thomas Biagi,
Fabio Babini,
Eric van de Poele,
Jamie Davies,
Andrea Piccini,
Christian Montanari,
Miguel Ramos,
Stéphane Sarrazin,
Alexandre Negrão,
Alessandro Pier Guidi
Luca Cappellari
Debut2004 FIA GT Imola 500 km
RacesWinsPolesF/Laps
9440N/AN/A
Teams' Championships6(2005–2009 FIA GT,2010 FIA GT1)
Constructors' Championships2(2005 FIA GT,2007 FIA GT)
Drivers' Championships6(2006 Italian GT,2006–2009 FIA GT,2010 FIA GT1)

FIA GT

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In 2004 Maserati completed three MC12 GT1race carsintended for theFIA GTGT1 class.[29]TheAF Corsefactory-backed squad debuted the race atImola,yet the FIA did not allow the MC12 to score points due to its debated homologation. Even with this setback, the team managed to take second and third places. At the next round atOschersleben,the MC12 ofAndrea BertoliniandMika Salowon for the first time. At the final round of the year atZhuhai,the FIA finally agreed to homologate the MC12s and allow them to score points towards the championship. With this, the MC12 again took victory, allowing it to score enough points to finish 7th in the teams championship.[30][31]

The Scuderia Playteam car entered in theFIA GT Championship

In 2005 Maserati won the FIA GT Manufacturers Cup with 239 points: almost double the score of next competitor (Ferrariwith 125 points).[32]The two teams that entered MC12s into the FIA GT,Vitaphone RacingandJMB Racing,finished first and second respectively in the Team Cup, with Vitaphone winning by a considerable margin.[32]Four of the MC12 drivers were in the running to win the FIA GT Drivers' Title at theBahrain International Circuitat the start of the final race of 2005:Karl WendlingerandAndrea Bertolinieach on 71 points andTimo ScheiderandMichael Bartelson 70. Gabriele Gardel of Ferrari was also on 70 points, however, and in the crucial race he placed ahead of all of the Maseratis, driving an olderFerrari 550 Maranello.Gardel took the title, leaving all of the Maserati drivers within four points of first place (Scheider and Wendlinger receiving four points for the race).[32][33]

In 2006 the only team representing Maserati was Vitaphone Racing. On September 30, 2006, Vitaphone secured the Teams' Championship for the2006 seasondespite their drivers placing 5th and 7th in theBudapest 500 km racewith weight penalties of 85 kilograms and 105 kilograms respectively.[34]Bertolini and Bartels also shared first place in the Drivers' Championship on 71 points but the manufacturers cup went to Aston Martin.[35]

Vitaphone Racing again won the GT1 Teams' Championship in the2007 seasonon 115 points, followed by fellow MC12 teamScuderia Playteamon 63 points.[36]JMB Racing also entered two MC12s, but they were used by amateur drivers competing in the Citation Cup, which was won by JMB's driver Ben Aucott.[37]Maserati also won the Manufacturers' Cup by a significant margin whileThomas Biagiwon the Drivers' Championship. Fellow Vitaphone drivers Miguel Ramos and Christian Montanari tied for sixth, while Playteam'sAndrea Bertoliniand Andrea Piccini were just behind.[36]

For 2008, Vitaphone Racing returned with a pair of MC12s for driversAndrea Bertolini,Michael Bartels,andMiguel Ramos,as well as newcomerAlexandre Negrão.[38][39]The season ended with another Teams' Championship for Vitaphone Racing (122.5 points) and Drivers' Championship for Bertolini and Bartels. In the ninth round, the team fielded a third car under the name ofTeam Vitasystem,driven byPedro LamyandMatteo Bobbiwhich scored one point. JMB Racing retained a single MC12 for 2007 Citation Cup winner Ben Aucott and drivers Peter Kutemann and Alain Ferté, competing in the first five events of the championship.

In the2009 seasonthe Vitaphone Racing won the fifth consecutive Team Championship, while Bertolini and Bartels gained their third Drivers' Championship. The other two drivers were Miguel Ramos andAlex Müller,who ended in sixth position. Starting from the fourth round, the team entered a third car under the name of Vitaphone Racing Team DHL, driven by Matteo Bobbi andAlessandro Pier Guidi,achieving good results: despite being only a one-car team, with a partial season involvement, they ended the Teams' Championship in fourth position (32 points), scoring a victory in the last round.

FIA GT1 World Championship

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With the inauguration of theFIA GT1 World Championshipin 2010, Maserati continued their commitment to the series with two teams entering.Vitaphone Racing Team,the defending FIA GT Champions, won five races en route to the Drivers' and Teams' World Championships. The second team representing Maserati was Alfrid Heger'sTriple H Team Hegersport.

Italian GT

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MC12s have had great success racing in Italy, and have replaced the GT3 "Maserati Trofeo Light"as Maserati's representative in theItalian GT Championship.[40]In 2005 Maserati introduced two MC12s to the GT1 division under Scuderia Playteam and Racing Box, with the teams placing first and third overall respectively.[41]The cars were re-entered in 2006, with Scuderia Playteam again securing overall victory and Racing Box coming second.[42][43][44]From 2007, GT1 cars are not permitted in the championship, and Scuderia Playteam moved to the FIA GT Championship.

Racing Box also participated in the non-championship6 Hours of Vallelungatwice, winning in 2005 withMichele Rugolo,Leonardo Maddelena, and Davide Mastracci,[45]then again in 2006 withPedro Lamy,Marco Cioci, and Piergiuseppe Perazzini.[46]

Super GT

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In 2006, theLe Manswinning outfitTeam Gohwas intending to race a Maserati MC12 in theSuper GTseries inJapan.However, the team was forced to withdraw because of driver problems (Jan Magnussenfalling ill suddenly and returning to Denmark) and disappointing lap times at theSuzuka Circuitduring testing.[47]While the car was faster than its Super GT prototype rivals down the straights, it was losing more than a second per lap in the corners due to its poorer aerodynamics.[48]

American Le Mans Series

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Doran Racing's MC12 GT1 atRoad Americain 2007.

In 2004 the Maserati MC12s were unable to compete in series backed by theACO,such as theLe Mans Endurance Series(LMES) in Europe and theAmerican Le Mans Series(ALMS) because they exceeded both the length and width restrictions for their class.[1]The car's nose was shortened by 201 mm (7.9 in) to attempt to comply with regulations, but was still 66 mm (2.6 in) too wide. In 2005 the governing body of the ALMS, theInternational Motor Sports Association(IMSA), allowed the MC12s to compete as a guest with the agreement that they were not allowed to score championship points and were forced to run a weight penalty.[16]Some ALMS teams initially objected to the participation of the MC12 due to the possibility that an accident could eliminate their chances at the24 Hours of Le Mans,but the MC12 was finally allowed to race. The ACO stood by their ruling on the car by forbidding it from entering other Le Mans series.

The lone MC12 would be campaigned under the Maserati Corse banner, but run by the AmericanRisi Competizioneteam. The2005 American Le Mans Series seasonwas not as successful for the team, with the team scoring no wins. In the final race atMazda Raceway Laguna Seca,the MC12 was clipped by a competitor, causing damage that resulted in a lengthypit stop.[49]After resuming the race, a loss of traction caused by cold tires made the car hit a curb, which broke theradiatorand took the MC12 out of the race.[49]

In August 2007, Fredy Lienhard andDidier Theysannounced their preparation of a former FIA GT MC12 for use in the American Le Mans Series.[50]The car made its debut atRoad America,finishing 3rd in the GT1 class after qualifying competitively. The only other race entered was Round 11 at Road Atlanta for thePetit Le Manswhere the team failed to finish following an accident, but were still classified second in class.[51]Doran's Maserati however had qualified on the class pole.[52]The team selectedMichelintires instead of thePirellisoriginally used by Maserati Corse in 2005,[50]and was also allowed to race with a full-width rear wing instead of the smaller wing used by Maserati Corse and teams in FIA GT, although the wing was not as tall.[53]IMSA also allowed Doran to score points in the American Le Mans Series championships.

MC12 Versione Corse

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A MC12 Corse in Victory Blue.

The MC12 Versione Corse[54]is a variant of the MC12 intended forracetrackuse. In contrast to the race version of the MC12, of which street-legal versions were produced forhomologationpurposes, the MC12 Corse is intended for private use, albeit restricted to the track, as the Corse's modifications make it illegal to drive on the road.

The Versione Corse was developed directly from the MC12 GT1, which won the 2005 FIA GT Manufacturers Cup.[55]The car was released in mid-2006, "in response to the customer demand to own the MC12 racing car and fueled by the growth in track days, where owners can drive their cars at high speeds in the safety of a race track", as stated by Edward Butler, General Manager for Maserati in Australia and New Zealand.[55][56]In similar fashion to theFerrari FXX,although the owners are private individuals, Maserati is responsible for the storage, upkeep, and maintenance of the cars, and they are only driven on specially organizedtrack days.Unlike the FXX, Versione Corses are not used for research and development, and are used only for entertainment.[57]Three Maserati MC12 Versione Corses were converted to road legal use by German tuning firm Edo Competition and feature a slight power increase, a butterfly intake exhaust system and adjustable road suspension system.[58]

Only twelve MC12 Versione Corses were sold to selected customers, each of whom paid €1 million (US$1.47 million) for the privilege. Another three vehicles were produced for testing and publicity purposes.[56][59]The Versione Corse shares its engine with the MC12 GT1; the powerplant produces 755 PS (555 kW; 745 hp) at 8,000 rpm, 122 PS (90 kW; 120 hp) more than the road going MC12.[60]The MC12 Versione Corse shares the GT1's shortened nose, which was a requirement for entry into theAmerican Le Mans Series.The car was available in a single standard colour, named "Blue Victory", though the car's paint could be customized upon request.[56]The MC12 Versione Corse possesses steel/carbon racing brakes, but is not fitted with ananti-lock braking system.[55]

Birdcage 75th

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The Maserati Birdcage 75th at the 2006LA Auto Show.
Main article:Maserati Birdcage 75th

The Maserati Birdcage 75th is aconcept cardeveloped by automobile manufacturerMaseratiand designed byPininfarina.It was first introduced at the 2005Geneva Auto Showand was based on the MC12's chassis. It draws inspiration from theMaserati Tipo 61 Birdcageof the 1960s and was made as a celebration of Pininfarina's 75thanniversary.[61]

See also

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