BaronMatsumoto Jun(Tùng bổn thuận)(bornSato Junnosuke(Tá đằng thuận chi trợ);July 13, 1832 – March 12, 1907), previously known asMatsumoto Ryōjun(Tùng bổn lương thuận),was a Japanesephysicianand photographer who served as the personal physician to the lastshōgun,Tokugawa Yoshinobu.Foreign MinisterHayashi Tadasuwas his brother and Navy MinisterEnomoto Takeakiwas his distant relative.
Baron Matsumoto Jun | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Matsumoto Jun | |
| Native name | Tùng bổn thuận |
| Birth name | Sato Junnosuke |
| Other name(s) | Matsumoto Ryōjun |
| Born | July 13, 1832 Edo,Japan |
| Died | March 12, 1907(aged 74) Ōiso, Kanagawa,Japan |
| Buried | Myodai-ji,Ōiso, Kanagawa,Japan |
| Allegiance | Tokugawa bakufu Government of Meiji |
| Service | Shogunate Army Imperial Japanese Army |
| Rank | Surgeon general |
| Battles / wars | Second Chōshū expedition Boshin War |
| Children | Matsumoto Keitaro (son) Matsumoto Motomatsu(son) |
| Relations | Sato Taizen(father) Hayashi Tadasu(brother) Matsumoto Ryoho (adoptive father) |
Biography
editSato Junnosuke was born as the son ofSato Taizen,the domain physician ofSakura Domain,at the clan'sAzaburesidence inEdoon July 13, 1832. Later in 1849 he was adopted by another physicianMatsumoto Ryōhoand was renamed to Matsumoto Ryōjun. In 1850, his eldest son Keitaro is born.
He was sent toNagasakiin 1857 to studyrangaku,during which time he studied both western medicine and photography under the Dutch physicianJ. L. C. Pompe van Meerdervoort,though he was somewhat unimpressed with his instructor's skills, once describing the result of one of Pompe van Meerdervoort's photographic experiments as "a meagre black shadow". When theSwissphotographerPierre Rossierarrived in Japan in 1859, Matsumoto orderedMaeda Genzōto assist Rossier. Maeda subsequently became a pioneering Japanese photographer. Another link between Matsumoto and photography dates from some point between 1857 and 1859 when he adopted the 13-year-old future photographerUchida Kuichi.
In 1864 he moved toKyototo assistAizu DomaindaimyōMatsudaira Katamoriduring the latter's tenure asKyoto Shugoshokuand helped modernize its medical practices. Matsumoto also befriendedShinsengumileaderKondō Isamiand rendered medical assistance to them. During theSecond Chōshū expeditionof 1866, he served as personal physician tothe 14th Tokugawashōgun,Tokugawa Iemochi.
During theBoshin Warof theMeiji Restoration,he volunteered his services as an army medic accompanying theShogunate Army.After theBattle of Aizuin 1868, he made his way toSendai,and enlisted with theŌuetsu Reppan Dōmei.Briefly imprisoned after the war by the newMeiji government,he was released through the efforts ofYamagata Aritomo,who asked him to help develop the medical corps of the fledglingImperial Japanese Army.He established a Western-style hospital Ranjoin in Waseda, Tokyo.
During theMeiji era,he maintained his relations with former retainers of the Shogun. In 1871 as the recommendation from Yamagata Aritomo, he was conferred to the Ministry of War. He was accorded Senior Fifth Rank and was renamed toMatsumoto Jun.In 1873 he was made aSurgeon Generalof the Imperial Japanese Army. He was also instrumental in helpingSugimura Yoshie(formerly Nagakura Shinpachi) andFujita Gorō(formerly Saitō Hajime) build a monumentGrave of ShisengumiatItabashiin Tokyo in 1875.
On September 29, 1890, he became a member in theHouse of Peers.He retired from the Imperial Army on April 1, 1902, and on March 2, 1905, he received the title ofbaron(danshaku) under theKazokupeerage system. Matsumoto died on March 12, 1907, and he was interred at the temple of Myodai-ji inŌiso, Kanagawa.
References
edit- Bennett, Terry.Early Japanese Images(Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1996), 54–56.
- Himeno, Junichi. "Encounters With Foreign Photographers: The Introduction and Spread of Photography in Kyushu". InReflecting Truth: Japanese Photography in the Nineteenth Century,ed. Nicole Coolidge Rousmaniere, Mikiko Hirayama. (Amsterdam: Hotei Publishing, 2004), pp. 21–22.