Aname reaction(ornamed reaction) is achemical reactionnamed after its discoverer(s) or developer(s). Among the tens of thousands of organic reactions that are known, hundreds of such reactions are typically identified by theeponym.[1]Well-known examples include theGrignard reaction,theSabatier reaction,theWittig reaction,theClaisen condensation,theFriedel–Crafts acylation,and theDiels–Alder reaction.Books have been published devoted exclusively to name reactions;[2][3][4]theMerck Index,a chemical encyclopedia, also includes an appendix on name reactions.
As organic chemistry developed during the 20th century, chemists started associating synthetically useful reactions with the names of their discoverers or developers. In many cases, the name is merely a mnemonic.[2]Some reactions such as thePummerer rearrangement,[3]thePinnick oxidationand theBirch reduction[3]are named for people other than their discoverers, but this situation is not common.
Although systematic approaches for naming reactions based on the reaction mechanism or the overall transformation exist, such as theIUPAC nomenclature for organic chemical transformations,these technically-descriptive names are often unwieldy or not specific enough, so people names are often more practical for efficient communication.[5]
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- ^Suggs, J. William.Organic Chemistry.Barron's,2002,p. 109.ISBN0-7641-1925-7
- ^abAlfred Hassner, C. Stumer.Organic syntheses based on name reactions.Elsevier,2002.ISBN0-08-043260-3
- ^abcLi, Jie Jack.Name Reactions: A Collection of Detailed Reaction Mechanisms.Springer,2003.ISBN3-540-40203-9
- ^Bradford P. Mundy; Michael G. Ellerd; Frank G. Favaloro, Jr.Name Reactions and Reagents in Organic Synthesis.Wiley,2005.ISBN0-471-22854-0
- ^Bunnett, Joseph F. (2018). "Organic Name Reactions. A contribution to the terminology of organic chemistry, biochemistry, and theoretical organic chemistry. Helmut Krauch and Werner Kunz. Translated from the second revised German edition by John M. Harkin. Wiley, New York, 1964. xxiv + 620 pp. Illus. $16".Science.147(3659): 726–727.Bibcode:1965Sci...147..726K.doi:10.1126/science.147.3659.726.