Wikipedia

Nanjing Automobile

Nanjing Automobileis astate-owned enterprisewith a history that dates from 1947,[1][2]making it the oldest of theChineseautomobile manufacturers[1]although the comparatively youngerFAW Automotivewas the first to make cars.[3]

Nanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation
Nam kinh khí xa tập đoàn hữu hạn công tư
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryAutomotive
Founded1947 (Nanjing)
Headquarters
Nanjing
,
China
OwnerP.R. China
ParentSAIC Motor
Websitenanqi.com.cn
Nanjing Automobile
Simplified ChineseNam kinh khí xa tập đoàn hữu hạn công tư
Traditional ChineseNam kinh khí xa tập đoàn hữu hạn công tư
Literal meaningNanjing Automobile (Group) Corporation
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinNánjīng Qìchē Jítuán Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī

The group's products have included cars, trucks, and buses.[1]

Nanjing Auto merged with the much largerSAICin 2007[4]becoming a subsidiary of that company.[2]

History

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Civil-war era

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The history of the corporation dates to 1947[1][2]during theChinese Civil War.[citation needed]In the July 1949, a repair service center attached to the East China Field Army (which later became the Third Field Army) took control of an automobile workshop inNanjing,Jiangsu province,former capital of theRepublic of China,after thePeople's Liberation Armyhad conquered the city.[citation needed]

Early light-truck production (Yue Jin brand)

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Late Nanjing Yuejin light truck (NJ131)

In the 1950s, oversight of the small automobile workshop that would become Nanjing Automobile was transferred to China's First Ministry of Industrial Machinery.[citation needed]It began making China's first domestically produced light-duty trucks in 1958,[5]the 2½ ton NJ-130, based on theGAZ-51from the Soviet Union. The Ministry branded the truckGuerin( dược tiến bài khí xa - literally meaning "Leap Forward" ) and approved the establishment of Nanjing Automobile Works that same year.[6]Truck production continued until July 1987 at which point 161,988 units of various models including the NJ-130, NJ-230, NJ-135, and NJ-134 had been built.[6]

Guerinlater becameYue Jinwhile the Mandarin name remainsDược tiến.

Technology transfers

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Nanjing Auto has repeatedly usedtechnology transfersto make the company morecompetitive.

Mid-1980s

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In the mid-1980s, Nanjing Auto purchased designs and moulds fromIsuzu[7]and obtained technology from the ItalianIveco,the commercial vehicle unit ofFiat,[8]participating in a spate of technology transfer deals circa 1980 that saw Japanese designs and machinery sold to Chinese buyers.[7]

TheIvecopurchases allowed Nanjing Auto to produce a version of theIveco Daily.[9]

2000s

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In 2000 the design, and possibly the tooling, forSEAT's first generationIbizawas purchased and the car sold in China as theNanjing Yuejin Soyat.[10]

MG Rover

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Acquisition of MG Rover Group assets

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Nanjing Auto acquired some assets ofMG Rover Groupand Powertrain Ltd in 2005 after the group had enteredadministration.According to the purchase agreement, Nanjing Auto bought MG,Austin,and some other dormant British car brands, and the production technology and equipment for theMG ZTandMG TFmodels. Some equipment andblueprintswere repossessed byHonda,as itsintellectual propertywas used in some of MG Rover vehicles, in particular, theRover 45andMG ZS,which were based on theHonda Domani.[1]

MG production plan

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Nanjing Auto decided to establish production bases for MGs atLongbridgeandNanjing.[citation needed]A plan to open another factory inArdmore, Oklahoma,USA was not realized. The production of engines, transmissions and medium and low end vehicle products would be transferred to China, where a supply chain would also be set up. A production facility would be retained in the UK, with the original Longbridge site integrated to resume the production ofMG TFsport cars. Meanwhile, by making use of theR&Dcapability and personnel in the UK as well as that of China, theEuro IVengines and a new generation of vehicles would be developed and then produced in both China and the UK.

In 2007, Nanjing Auto planned to build 13,000 cars based on theRover 75 / MG ZTsedan, renamedMG 7.These cars would be mostly sedans (saloons), plus some MG 7T estate cars. It also planned 3,000MG TFconvertible sports cars.[citation needed]

Pukou plant

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MG Foundation Laid

TheMGFactory of Nanjing Auto is located in the High-level New Technology Economic Development Zone inPukou(a new district ofNanjing). The capacity of the Nanjing-MG Factory will reach 200,000 autos, 250,000 engines and 100,000 gear-boxes.[citation needed]

The initial MG range consisted of just the MG 7 and the MG TF.[11]Nanjing Auto also started production of theRover Streetwise-basedMG 3SW in 2008.[12]

Longbridge plant

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The plant atLongbridgewas for many years one of the most important car making factories in Europe as well as the largest British-owned car manufacturing plant, makingAustincars for most of the 20th century. After theAbingdonplant closed in 1980, Longbridge was also from 1982 the home ofMGand then of the Rover marque which gradually replaced Austin in the late 1980s.[citation needed]

The site is owned bySt. Modwen Propertieswhich acquired 412 acres (1.67 km2) in two deals in 2003 and 2004 for £57.5 million and leased it back to MG Rover Group. A 33-year deal was signed in February 2006 between Nanjing Auto and St. Modwen Properties covering the lease of 105 acres (a quarter of the total area of the Longbridge plant) but including the two main car assembly plants, the paint shop and administrative offices at a rent of around £1.8 million a year. £10 million was estimated to be needed to reopen the factory.[13]

With the merger of Nanjing Auto andSAIC,ownership of the Longbridge plant became a SAIC controlled facility.

Chang Da

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NAC Chang Da H9 in Shanghai
Chang Da H9 rear with the SAIC and Nanjing NAC label

Chang Da( sướng đạt ) is anNEVsub-brand of Nanjing Automobile andSAIC.Established in 2009, Chang Da has been developing electric light logistics vans for "the last mile" delivery. The first product,Chang Da H9is based on the structure ofFAW Jiabao V80( giai bảo V80) and took three years to develop before being launched in 2017.[14]The Chang Da H9 could be either bought or leased in fleets.[15]

Joint ventures

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Nanjing Auto has had at least two joint ventures with the Italian automakerFiat.First, there was a 50/50 joint venture set up in 1999 that collapsed sometime in 2007.[16][17]This was followed by Naveco, a joint venture with Fiat's commercial vehicles unit,Iveco,established in 1996.[18]

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Naveco (Nanjing Iveco) Daily Ousheng

In 1996, Nanjing Auto established Naveco (Nanjing Iveco Automobile Co Ltd[19]) withIveco,[18]Fiat's commercial vehicles unit.[8]The joint venture initially manufactured a version of theIveco Dailyfor sale in the Chinese market,[18]and, as of 1995, it continued to make light trucks but had added diesel engines as well.[20]

The company acquired the truck manufacturing assets of Yuejin Motor Co sometime in 2007.[18][21]

In July 2017, Naveco started production of the new Iveco China Daily in the new factory of Qiaolin,Nanjing[22][23]

Naveco products include are listed below:

  • Iveco Daily Ousheng(Âu thắng)- Facelift based on the fifth generation Iveco Daily.
  • Iveco Power Daily(Bao địch)- Facelift based on the third generation Iveco Daily.
  • Iveco Xindeyi(Đắc ý)- Extended production of the second generation Iveco Daily
  • Iveco Ouba
  • Iveco Venice

Nanjing Fiat

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Main article:Nanjing Fiat Automobile

Another joint venture was Nanjing Fiat,[16]established with Fiat in 1999.[17]This Italian automaker quit the company in 2007[17][24]citing a lack of investment on the part of its Chinese partner.[17]

As of 2006, it was producing four models: the Perla andSienasedans,Palio,compact andPalio Weekendstation wagon.[16]Most of Nanjing Fiat's design and tooling was taken over byZotyein 2008.[25]

The company was located in theJiangning District's Economic & Technological Development Zone inNanjing.[26]

Internal divisions

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As the company further developed its management, four complete production ecosystems were created.

Yuejin Light Truck Co

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A major manufacturing base of Nanjing Auto,[27]it makes light-duty trucks under theYuejinbrand. The production of Isuzu-based SUVs and pickups was transferred to the Wuxi Soyat branch in 2005.[citation needed]

Sometime in 2007, Yuejin's truck-making business was merged with theIveco-Nanjing Auto joint venture Naveco,[18][21]which continued to sell under theYuejinbrand.[19]

Located in an economic development zone inHuishan District,Wuxi,(about 150 km east of Nanjing) the Wuxi Branch of Yuejin Automobile Co is a Nanjing Auto production base, and it may be the newest having been built sometime after 2003.[citation needed]Production of the Junda SUVs and pickups was taken over from Nanjing's Yuejin brand in 2005. By 2008, afterSAIC'stakeover of Nanjing, Wuxi Soyat production came to a halt. The factory is now used by SAIC to build theMaxuscommercial van.[citation needed]

  • Yuejin NJ1080 in Russia
  • 2008 Yuejin NJ-1063 flatbed in Chile
  • 2011 Yuejin NJ-812 in Chile
  • 2014 Yuejin NJ-713 Crew Cab
  • Yuejin Shangjun (Dược tiến thượng tuấn) X100 series in China
  • Yuejin Xiaofuxing (Dược tiến tiểu phúc tinh) S50 series in China
  • SAIC Fuxing ES80 (Electric version of the Yuejin Fuyun S80)

Brands

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Car brands owned by Nanjing Auto include:

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Sometime before the 1980s, Nanjing Auto was under the joint jurisdiction of both the central and local governments.[7]As of 2003, this vehicle manufacturer was owned byYuejin Automobile GroupofJiangsu,which held just over fifty-per cent ownership of the company at this time, and two State firms created to dispose of non-performing bank loans,China Huarong Asset ManagementandChina Cinda Asset Management.[27] Nanjing Auto is now a subsidiary ofSAIC,having been merged with the much larger automaker in 2007.[29]

SAIC merger

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A result ofChinese Statepolicy to encouragemergers and acquisitionsin the domestic automobile market,SAIC Motorand the state-owned parent company of Nanjing Auto, Yuejin Automotive Group, finalized a long-planned merger in December 2007.[29]Fitful merger negotiations between the two companies had begun in 2001, and the tie-up was widely anticipated.[27]Prior to the merger, but bidding alongside SAIC,[1]Nanjing Auto purchased the remaining assets of British group MG Rover for near US$100 million.[30]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abcdefRover sold to Nanjing Automobilebbc.com, Saturday, 23 July 2005, 09:36 GMT
  2. ^abcNanjing Automobile (Group) Corporationbusinessweek.com
  3. ^Key Events, May 21, 1958/Aug. 1, 1958ArchivedMarch 4, 2009, at theWayback MachineFAW Official site
  4. ^REFILE-UPDATE 2-SAIC to make MG 6 in UK, upbeat on own-brand carreuters.com, Wed Nov 25, 2009 5:04am EST
  5. ^MG TF sports cars again produced in EnglandArchived2011-06-09 at theWayback Machinexinhuanet.com, 2007-05-29
  6. ^abZhao, Jianhan; Gao, Lei (August 2009)."How to be Competitive in Chinese Automobile Industry".International Journal of Economics and Finance.1(2). Canadian Center of Science and Education: 144.doi:10.5539/ijef.v1n2p144.
  7. ^abcGlobalization of the automobile industry: the United States, Japan, and the People's Republic of China Pg. 140By Xiaohua Yang, Google Book Search, 1995
  8. ^ab"Iveco teams up to invest in heavy-duty".xinhuanet.com.Xinhua. 17 December 2005. Archived fromthe originalon 4 March 2016.Retrieved12 April2016.Iveco now runs a light truck joint venture in East China's Jiangsu Province with Nanjing Automobile Group. The venture has an annual output of nearly 20,000 units.
  9. ^Iveco broadens its presence in China in the domain of light and medium commercial vehicles through the new Naveco(PDF).Torino: Fiat. 14 September 2006. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2012-11-20.Retrieved2012-05-26.
  10. ^abSEAT Ibiza celebrates 25th Anniversaryseatcupra.net, Friday, 08 May 2009
  11. ^Chinese plant rolls out first MG-BBC News.Retrieved 27 March 2007.
  12. ^"MG 3SW goes on sale in China from 80,000 yuan".www.gasgoo.com.2008-06-23.Retrieved2009-03-13.
  13. ^"Nanjing puts £10m into Longbridge".BBC News. 2006-07-17.Retrieved2007-05-01.
  14. ^"Thượng khí tập đoàn nam khí chuyên dụng xa" sướng đạt "Thuần điện động vật lưu xa H9 chính thức phát thụ".
  15. ^"Sướng đạt thuần điện động vật lưu xa H9".
  16. ^abcYing, Tian (October 15, 2006)."Fiat's China Venture Names Second Chief Executive in 15".bloomberg.com.Bloomberg LP.Retrieved2012-05-26.
  17. ^abcd"Fiat to break joint venture ties with Nanjing Auto".Xinhua News Agency. 2007-06-16. Archived fromthe originalon 2012-11-04.Retrieved2012-05-26.
  18. ^abcdeThe New Naveco is celebrated in NanjingArchived2008-12-25 at theWayback MachineIveco Official Site, 29.10.07
  19. ^abcNANJING IVECO ROLLS OUT NEW YUEJIN LIGHT TRUCK FOR EXPORTfindarticles.com; AsiaInfo Services, 06-28-20077
  20. ^Globalization of the automobile industry: the United States, Japan, and the People's Republic of China Pg. 159By Xiaohua Yang, Google Book Search, 1995
  21. ^abFiat's Fidis Sale Would Push Net Above EU1 Billion, Chief Saysbloomberg.com, September 14, 2006 10:25 EDT
  22. ^IVECO joint venture NAVECO inaugurates new manufacturing plant in Nanjing, China
  23. ^New China Daily: direttamente dalla linea di montaggio il primo esemplare
  24. ^FIAT sells to NAC its stake in Nanjing-Fiat(PDF).Beijing: Fiat. December 26, 2007.Retrieved2012-05-26.
  25. ^De Feyter, Tycho (2011-05-20)."Zotye Z200 and Z200HB Listed & Priced in China".CarNewsChina.com.
  26. ^Introduction to Jiangning Economic & Technological Development ZoneArchived2011-01-17 at theWayback MachineGovernment of Jiangning District Official Site
  27. ^abcNanjing Auto gears up to expandchinadaily.com, 2003-09-03
  28. ^MG? Not In America!Archived2008-09-04 at theWayback MachineAuto Trends, September 2, 2008. Retrieved September 7, 2008.
  29. ^abSAIC and Yuejin Auto merger creates Chinese car colossusArchived2011-06-09 at theWayback Machinexinhuanet.com, 2007-12-26
  30. ^AUTOSHOW-UPDATE 1-Brilliance plans US sales as early as 2007reuters.com, Mon Apr 23, 2007 3:22am EDT
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