Padilla wandaeis aspeciesofjumping spiderin thegenusPadillathat lives in Madagascar. The species was first described in 2020 by Galina Azarkina and Charles Haddad. It is a medium-sized spider, with a browncarapacethat is between 1.55 and 1.75 mm (0.061 and 0.069 in) long, and a yellowabdomenthat has a length of between 1.9 and 2.55 mm (0.075 and 0.100 in). The female is larger than the male. Although generally they have similar overall colouring and a single stripe on the carapace of both sexes, the female has one stripe on the abdomen and the male has two. The malepalpal bulbhas a hump in the middle and a coiledembolus.The female has anepigyneatrium that is longer than it is wide. The spider is similar to the relatedPadilla cornuta,but differs in lacking thecheliceraehorns of the other species.
| Padilla wandae | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Padilla |
| Species: | P. wandae
|
| Binomial name | |
| Padilla wandae Azarkina & Haddad, 2021
| |
Taxonomy
editPadilla wandaewas first described by Galina Azarkina and Charles Haddad in 2020.[1]Thespeciesis named after the PolisharachnologistWanda Wesołowska.[2]It was allocated to thegenusPadilla,which had been first described byGeorge and Elizabeth Peckhamin 1894.[3]The genus is a member of the subfamily Ballinae, and one of 15 genera in thetribeBallini.[4][5]Wayne Maddisonlisted the tribe in thecladeMarpissoida.[6]In 2016, it had been grouped with 18 other genera of jumping spiders under the name Ballines byJerzy Prószyński.[7]The genus is likely to beendemicto Madagascar.[8][9]
Description
editPadilla wandaeis a medium-sized spider. The male has a typical total length of 3.45 mm (0.136 in). The browncarapaceis covered with white scales and has a broad yellow stripe down the middle. It has a typical length of 1.55 mm (0.061 in) and width of 1 mm (0.039 in). Theeye fieldis light brown with darker patches. Theabdomenis 1.9 mm (0.075 in) long and 0.8 mm (0.031 in) wide. It is yellow with two brown stripes. There is noclypeus.Thecheliceraeare brown with three forward teeth and six behind. Thespinneretsare also brown, as are the majority of thelegs,apart from small yellow areas. Thepedipalpsare yellow-brown. Thepalpal bulbhas aretrolateral tibial apophysisthat has a piece that sticks out, a hump in the middle and anembolusthat coils around into two rings.[10]
The female is larger than the male, measuring 4.3 mm (0.17 in) in length. The carapace is also typically larger, measuring 1.75 mm (0.069 in) in length and 1.25 mm (0.049 in) in width. It is similar in colour to the male, but has yellow edging. The abdomen is different, having a single stripe, a length of 2.55 mm (0.100 in) and a width of 1 mm (0.039 in). The pedipalps are yellow, but otherwise the remainder of the colouring is similar to the male. Theepigynehas a no pocket, an atrium that is longer than it is wide and winding copulatory ducts.[11]
The species is similar in colours to the relatedPadilla cornutabut can be differentiated by the shorter protrusions on the chelicerae in comparison to the horns on the other species.[10]Daniela Andriamalala noted that these horns are likely to have a role in sexual selection.[12]
Distribution and habitat
editPadilla wandaeisendemicto Madagascar.[1]Theholotypewas found nearMahalevonain 1995. Other examples were found nearby. The spider seems to thrive in forest environments.[13]
References
editCitations
edit- ^abWorld Spider Catalog (2023)."Padilla wandaeAzarkina & Haddad, 2020 ".World Spider Catalog.24.0. Bern: Natural History Museum.Retrieved24 April2023.
- ^Wiśniewski 2020,p. 6.
- ^Azarkina & Haddad 2020,p. 54.
- ^Andriamalala 2007,p. 254.
- ^Azarkina & Haddad 2020,p. 15.
- ^Maddison 2015,p. 274.
- ^Prószyński 2017,p. 88.
- ^Prószyński 1990,p. 248.
- ^Andriamalala 2007,p. 244.
- ^abAzarkina & Haddad 2020,p. 55.
- ^Azarkina & Haddad 2020,pp. 56–57.
- ^Maddison 2015,p. 244.
- ^Azarkina & Haddad 2020,p. 57.
Bibliography
edit- Andriamalala, Daniela (2007). "Revision of the genus Padilla Peckham and Peckham, 1894 (Araneae: Salticidae): convergent evolution of secondary sexual characters due to sexual selection and rates of molecular evolution in jumping spiders".Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences.58(15): 243–330.
- Azarkina, Galina N.; Haddad, Charles R. (2020). "Partial revision of the Afrotropical Ballini, with the description of seven new genera (Araneae: Salticidae)".Zootaxa.4899(1): 15–92.doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4899.1.4.
- Maddison, Wayne P. (2015). "A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)".The Journal of Arachnology.43(3): 231–292.doi:10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292.S2CID85680279.
- Prószyński, Jerzy (1990).Catalogue of Salticidae (Araneae).Siedlce: WSRP.ISSN0860-2719.
- Prószyński, Jerzy (2017)."Pragmatic classification of the World's Salticidae (Araneae)".Ecologica Montenegrina.12:1–133.doi:10.37828/em.2017.12.1.
- Wiśniewski, Konrad (2020). "Over 40 years with jumping spiders: on the 70th birthday of Wanda Wesołowska".Zootaxa.4899(1): 5–14.doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4899.1.3.PMID33756825.S2CID232337200.