Patrick Charles Eugene Boone[1](born June 1, 1934) is an American singer, songwriter, actor, author, television personality, radio host and philanthropist. Duringhis recording career,he sold nearly 50 million records and had 38 Top 40 hits; he also appeared in variousHollywoodfilms.[2][3]

Pat Boone
Boone in 1960
Boone in 1960
Background information
Birth namePatrick Charles Eugene Boone
Born(1934-06-01)June 1, 1934(age 90)
Jacksonville, Florida,U.S.
OriginNashville, Tennessee,U.S.
Genres
Occupation(s)Singer, actor, composer
DiscographyPat Boone discography
Years active1953–present
Labels
Websitepatboone.com

According toBillboard,Boone was the only singer that could compete in popularity withElvis Presleyduring the 1950s.[4]Billboardhas ranked Pat as one of the biggest charting artists in the period 1955–1995.[5]Until the 2010s, Boone held the record for spending 220 consecutive weeks on theBillboardchartswith one or more songs each week.[6]

During the 1950s and the 1960s Boone was one of the most popular entertainers in theUnited States,[3]becoming ateen idolas a valid alternative to the perceivedhedonismof rock and roll, due to his activities as singer, writer, actor and religious motivational speaker.[7]In 1957, at the age of 23, Boone began hosting a half-hourABCvariety television series,The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom,which aired for 115 episodes (1957–1960). Many musical performers includingCliff Richard,Nat King Cole,Edie Adams,Andy Williams,Pearl Bailey,andJohnny Mathismade appearances on the show.[8]Hiscover versionsofrhythm and blueshits had a noticeable effect on the development of the broad popularity ofrock and roll.Elvis Presleywas the opening act for a 1955 Pat Boone show inBrooklyn, Ohio.The two later became close friends.[9]

As an author, Boone had a number-one bestseller in the 1950s ('Twixt Twelve and Twenty,Prentice-Hall). In the 1960s, he focused ongospel music.Later, he became a member of theGospel Music Hall of Fame.Today, he continues to perform and speak as a motivational speaker, a television personality, and aconservativepolitical commentator.[10]

Early life

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Boone was born on June 1, 1934, inJacksonville, Florida,to Margaret Virginia (née Pritchard) and Archie Altman Boone. He grew up inNashville,where his family moved when he was two years old. He graduated in 1952 fromDavid Lipscomb High Schoolin Nashville. His younger brother Cecil (1935–2023), professionally known asNick Todd,was born a year later to the day,[11]and was also a pop singer in the 1950s and later a church music leader.[12]

In a 2007 interview onThe 700 Club,Boone claimed to be the great-great-great-great-grandson of the American pioneerDaniel Boone.[13]

Pat primarily attended David Lipscomb College, and laterLipscomb Universityin Nashville. He graduated in 1958 fromColumbia University School of General Studiesmagna cum laude[14]having previously attended North Texas State University, now known as theUniversity of North Texas,inDenton, Texas.[15]

Career

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Boone's handprints and shoe prints in front ofThe Great Movie RideatDisney World'sDisney's Hollywood Studios

Music

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Boone began his career by performing in Nashville'sCentennial Park.[16]He began recording in April 1953 for Republic Records (not to be confused withthe current label with that name), and by 1955, forDot Records.His 1955 version ofFats Domino's "Ain't That a Shame"was a hit. This set the stage for the early part of Boone's career, which focused on covering R&B songs by black artists for a white American market.[17]Randy Wood, the owner of Dot, had issued an R&B single by the Griffin Brothers in 1951 called "Tra La La-a" —a different song from the laterLaVern Bakerone—and he was keen to put out another version after the original had failed. This became theB-sideof the first Boone single "Two Hearts Two Kisses", originally by the Charms – whose "Hearts Of Stone" had been covered by the label'sFontane Sisters.

Pat Boone

A number-one single in 1956 by Boone was a second cover and a revival of a then seven-year-old song "I Almost Lost My Mind",byIvory Joe Hunter;song was originally covered by another Black star,Nat King Cole.According to an opinion poll of high-school students in 1957, the singer was nearly the "two-to-one favorite over Elvis Presley among boys and preferred almost three-to-one by girls..."[18]During the late 1950s, he made regular appearances on ABC-TV'sOzark Jubilee,hosted by his father-in-law. He cultivated a safe, wholesome, advertiser-friendly image that won him a long-term product endorsement contract fromGeneral Motorsduring the late 1950s, lasting through the 1960s. He succeededDinah Shoresinging the praises of the GM product: "See the USA in your Chevrolet... drive your Chevrolet through the USA, America's the greatest land of all!" GM had also sponsoredThe Pat Boone Chevy Showroom.

Many of Boone's hit singles were covers of hits from black rock and roll artists. These included: "Ain't That a Shame" by Fats Domino; "Tutti Frutti"and"Long Tall Sally"byLittle Richard;[19]"At My Front Door (Crazy Little Mama)"byThe El Dorados;and theblues ballads"I Almost Lost My Mind"byIvory Joe Hunter,"I'll be Home" bythe Flamingosand "Don't Forbid Me"byCharles Singleton.Boone has been highlighted as an example ofwhitewashingby taking songs by black artists and sanitizing them to make them more palatable for a white audience, denying exposure to these black artists.[20]

Boone also wrote the lyrics for the instrumental theme song for the movieExodus,which he titled "This Land Is Mine". (Ernest Goldhad composed the music.)

Pat Suzukiwith Pat Boone duringThe Chevy Showroom Showin 1959.

As a conservative Christian, Boone declined certain songs and movie roles that he felt might compromise his beliefs—including a role with sex symbolMarilyn Monroe.In one of his first films,April Love,the director,Henry Levin,wanted him to give co-starShirley Jonesa kiss, which was not in the script. Since this would be his first onscreen kiss, Boone said that he wanted to talk to his wife first, to make sure it was all right with her.[21]He had his own film production company, Cooga Mooga Productions.[22]

He appeared as a regular performer onArthur Godfrey and His Friendsfrom 1955 through 1957, and later hosted his ownThe Pat Boone Chevy Showroom,on Thursday evenings. In 1959, Boone's likeness was licensed toDC Comics,first appearing inSuperman's Girl Friend, Lois LaneNo. 9 (May 1959) before starring in his own series from the publisher, which lasted for five issues from September 1959 to May 1960.[23][24]In the early 1960s, he began writing a series of self-help books for adolescents, including'Twixt Twelve and Twenty.TheBritish Invasionended Boone's career as a hitmaker, though he continued recording throughout the 1960s. In 1966, he participated in theSanremo Music Festivalin Italy, performing the songsMai mai mai ValentinaalongsideGiorgio GaberandSe tu non-fossi quiwithPeppino Gagliardi.During his trip to Italy, he visited the headquarters ofFerrariinMaranello,nearModena,with the intention of buying aSuperamerica Sports Car,butEnzo Ferraridissuaded him from purchasing that model by saying that there would not have been enough room for Boone's four daughters, and sold him a four-doorFerrari 2+2instead. In a 2021 interview, Boone admitted having later sold the "Ferrari he didn't like" toTom Smothersof the comedic duoSmothers Brothers.[25]

In the 1970s, he switched togospelandcountry;he also continued performing in other media. In the 1960s and 1970s, the Boone family toured as gospel singers. The family also made gospel albums, such asThe Pat Boone FamilyandThe Family Who Prays.[26]

In 1973, he released S-A-V-E-D, a gospel-studio album. Two songs of the album were written by his friendJohnny Cash,who said about it:

I'm deeply honored that you would record two of my songs in this album. This is the ultimate for me, that Pat Boone would sing any of my songs

— Johnny Cash, 1973

In the early 1970s, Boone founded the record labelLamb & Lion Records.It featured artists such as Pat, the Pat Boone Family,Debby Boone,Dan Peek,DeGarmo and Key,and Dogwood.[27]In 1974, Boone was signed to theMotowncountry subsidiary Melodyland.[28]

Pat and Debby Boone singing to a fan in Washington, D.C., 1997

In 1978, Boone became the first target in theFederal Trade Commission's crackdown on false-claim product endorsements by celebrities. He had appeared with his daughter Debby in a commercial to claim that all four of his daughters had found a preparation named Acne-Statin a "real help" in keeping their skin clear. The FTC filed a complaint against the manufacturer, contending that the product did not really keep skin free of blemishes. Boone eventually signed a consent order in which he promised not only to stop appearing in the ads, but also to pay about 2.5% of any money that the FTC or the courts might eventually order the manufacturer to refund to consumers. Boone said, through a lawyer, that his daughters actually did use Acne-Statin, and that he was "dismayed to learn that the product's efficacy had not been scientifically established as he believed."[29]

Boone hosts a weekly radio show, thePat Boone hour,on the50s Goldchannel onSiriusXM.

Later work

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Pat Boone during 2007Memorial Dayconcert inWashington D.C

In 1994, Pat Boone played the title role inThe Will Rogers FolliesinBranson,Missouri.[30]

In 1997, Boone releasedIn a Metal Mood: No More Mr. Nice Guy,a collection ofheavy metalcovers.[26]To promote the album, he appeared at theAmerican Music Awardsin black leather. He was then dismissed fromGospel America,a TV show on theTrinity Broadcasting Network.

After making a special appearance on TBN with the president of the network,Paul Crouch,and his pastor, Jack Hayford, many fans accepted his explanation of the leather outfit being a "parody of himself". Trinity Broadcasting then reinstated him, andGospel Americawas brought back.[31]

In 2003, the NashvilleGospel Music Associationrecognized his gospel recording work by inducting him into itsGospel Music Hall of Fame.In September 2006, Boone releasedWe Are Family: R&B Classics,featuring cover versions of 11 R&B hits, including the title track, plus "Papa's Got A Brand New Bag", "Soul Man", "Get Down Tonight", "A Woman Needs Love", and six other classics.[32]

In 2010, plans were announced for the Pat Boone Family Theater atBroadway at the BeachinMyrtle Beach, South Carolina.[33]The attraction was never built.[34]

In 2011, Boone acted as a spokesperson for Security One Lending, a reverse mortgage company.[35]Since at least 2007[36]Boone has acted as a spokesperson for Swiss America Trading Corporation, a broker of gold and silver coins that warns of "America's Economic Collapse".[37]

In 2023 Boone, at 89, is one of the guest vocalists onBorn to Be Wild,an album byAnn-Margret.Together they perform the song "Teach Me Tonight"on the album.[38]

In 2024, at age 90, he released a single, "Where Did America Go?"[39]

Personal life

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Shirley and Pat Boone withDebbie Reynoldsand her husband Harry Karl, 1960

In November 1953, 19-year-old Boone married Chicago-bornTennesseeanShirley Lee Foley (April 24, 1934 – January 11, 2019[40]), also 19 years old, daughter of country-music greatRed Foleyand his wife, singerJudy Martin.They had four daughters:Cheryl "Cherry" Lynn,Linda "Lindy" Lee,Deborah "Debby" Ann,and Laura "Laury" Gene. Starting in the late 1950s, Boone and his family were residents ofTeaneck, New Jersey.[41]Shirley Boone was a lesser-known recording artist and television personality than her husband. She also founded a hunger-relief Christian ministry that evolved intoMercy Corps.[40]She died at age 84 in 2019, at the couple's Beverly Hills home, of complications fromvasculitis,which she had contracted less than a year earlier.[40]

Politics

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Boone has been a close friend to many U.S. presidents (Ronald Reagan,Jimmy Carterand many others).[42]

At a 1961 gathering atPepperdine College,Pat Boone said, "I would rather see my four girls shot and die as little girls who have faith in God than leave them to die some years later as godless, faithless, soulless communists."[43]

Boone supportedBarry Goldwaterin the1964 United States presidential election.[44]

Boone atCPACin February 2011

In the 2007 Kentucky gubernatorial election, Boone campaigned unsuccessfully for incumbentRepublicanErnie Fletcherwith a recorded automated telephone message stating that theDemocratic PartycandidateSteve Beshearwould support "every homosexual cause." As part of the campaign, Boone asked, "Now do you want a governor who'd like Kentucky to be another San Francisco?"[45]On August 29, 2009, Boone wrote an article comparing American political liberalism to cancer, likening it to "black filthy cells".[46]

In December 2009, Boone endorsed conservative Republican John Wayne Tucker's campaign inMissouri's 3rd congressional districtagainst incumbentRuss Carnahan(D) in the 2010 midterm elections.[47]In 2010, Boone endorsed Republican Clayton Trotter in the race forTexas's 20th congressional districtwith an ad campaign referencing his song "Speedy Gonzales",aboutthe Looney Tunes character,which critics have characterized as offensive stereotypes.[48][49]Boone received a lifetime achievement award at the 38th annualConservative Political Action Conferenceheld in February 2011.[50]

In June 2016, Boone, along withMike Huckabeeand executive producer Troy Duhon, all of whom were involved in the filmGod's Not Dead 2,sent a letter to California GovernorJerry Brownin opposition to Senate Bill 1146,[51]which "prohibits a person from being subjected to discrimination" at California colleges. Other than schools that train pastors and theology teachers, schools "might no longer be allowed to hire Christian-only staff, teach religious ideas in regular classes, require attendance at chapel services, or keep bathrooms and dormitories restricted to either males or females."[52]

Basketball

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Boone is a basketball fan and had ownership interests in two teams. He owned a team in the Hollywood Studio League called the Cooga Moogas. The Cooga Moogas includedBill Cosby,Rafer Johnson,Gardner McKay,Don Murray,andDenny "Tarzan" Miller.[53]

When theAmerican Basketball Associationbegan, Boone became the majority owner of the league's team inOakland, California,on February 2, 1967.[53]The team was first named the Oakland Americans, but was renamed theOakland Oaks,the name under which it played from 1967 to 1969.[53]The Oaks won the1969 ABA championship.[54]

Despite the Oaks' success on the court, the team had severe financial problems. By August 1969, theBank of Americawas threatening to foreclose on a $1.2 million loan to the Oaks,[55]and the team was sold to a group of businessmen in Washington, D.C., and became theWashington Caps.[56]

Boone later played for the Virginia Creepers, an 80–84 age groupSenior Olympicsteam that narrowly lost to the gold medal-winning team; Boone aged out (by turning 85) on June 1, 2019.[57]

Boone as a philanthropist

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Pat Boone and his wife Shirley have been very active in charitable endeavors. Together, they supported the founding ofMercy Corpsin 1981, a global humanitarian organization focused on crisis response and development in over 40 countries. This initiative stemmed from an earlier project calledSave the Refugees,which Shirley launched during theCambodian crisisin 1979.[58]

Among their many efforts, Pat and Shirley also contributed to the creation of the Shirley and Pat Boone Life Center in Tanzania.[59]This center provides clean drinking water, medical care, and education to local communities. The couple also supported, through a multi-million dollar donation, the establishment of theShirley and Pat Boone Center for the FamilyatPepperdine University,which educates students on building moral and healthy relationships.[60][61]

Artistry and influence

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During his career, he performed manymusical genressuch aspop,country music,rock and roll,R&B,gospelandsoul.[35]His vocal style was similar to manycroonersof his time likeFrank SinatraandPerry Como,despite that, he wasn't abaritonelike them, instead he had atenorvoice.

He was also popular for his wide vocal range.[26] Pat Boone is one of the most prolific artists of all time with nearly 2,600 recorded songs.[34]

Popularity

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It is estimated that over the course of his career, he recorded more than 2,600 official tracks, making him one of the most prolific artists in music history.[62]

Throughout his incredibly long career, he reached the U.S. Top 40 charts 38 times, securing the number one spot six times. Until the 2010s, he held the record for the most consecutive weeks in the U.S. charts with at least one single in theTop 100,totaling 220 weeks.[2][3]

According to the renowned magazineBillboard,Boone was the only artist who could rivalElvis Presleyon the national charts in the late 1950s.[2]

No. 1 singles in the United States (BillboardHot 100):

  • "Ain't That a Shame" (1955)
  • "I Almost Lost My Mind" (1956)
  • "Don't Forbid Me" (1957)
  • "Love Letters in the Sand" (1957)
  • "April Love" (1957)
  • "Moody River" (1961)

No. 1 singles in the United Kingdom (UK Singles Chart):

  • "I'll Be Home" (1956)

Religion

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Boone grew up in theChurch of Christ.[63]In the 1960s, Boone's marriage to Shirley Foley nearly came to an end because of his use of alcohol and his preference for attending parties. However, after coming into contact with theCharismatic Movement,Shirley began to focus more on her religion and eventually influenced Pat and their daughters to have a similar religious focus.[64]At the time they attended the Inglewood Church of Christ inInglewood, California.

In the spring of 1964, Boone spoke at a "Project Prayer" rally attended by 2,500 at theShrine Auditoriumin Los Angeles. The gathering, which was hosted byAnthony Eisley,a star of ABC'sHawaiian Eyeseries, sought to flood theUnited States Congresswith letters in support of mandatoryschool prayer,following two decisions in 1962 and 1963 of theUnited States Supreme Courtthat struck down mandatory prayer as conflicting with theEstablishment Clauseof theFirst Amendment to the United States Constitution.[65]Joining Boone and Eisley at the Project Prayer rally wereWalter Brennan,Lloyd Nolan,Rhonda Fleming,Gloria Swanson,andDale Evans.Boone declared, "what the communists want is to subvert and undermine our young people... I believe in the power of aroused Americans, I believe in the wisdom of our Constitution.... the power of God."[65]It was noted thatRoy Rogers,John Wayne,Ronald Reagan,Mary Pickford,Jane Russell,Ginger Rogers,andPat Buttramhad endorsed the goals of the rally and would also have attended had their schedules not been in conflict.[65]

In the early 1970s, the Boones hostedBiblestudies for celebrities such asDoris Day,Glenn Ford,Zsa Zsa Gabor,andPriscilla Presleyat theirBeverly Hillshome. The family then began attendingThe Church on the WayinVan Nuys,aFoursquare Gospelmegachurch pastored byJack Hayford.[31]

On an April 22, 2016, broadcast ofFox News Radio'sThe Alan Colmes Show,Boone discussed an episode ofSaturday Night Livethat included a sketch entitledGod Is a Boob Man;the sketch parodied the filmGod's Not Dead 2,in which Boone had a role.[66]He described the sketch as "blasphemy",stating that theFederal Communications Commissionshould forbid any such content, and that it should revoke the broadcast licenses of any "network, or whoever is responsible for the shows".[66]

Film

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Pat Boone, during a scene from the movieJourney to the Center of the Earth,1959

In 1956, Boone was one of the biggest recording stars in the US. Several film studios pursued him for movies; he decided to go with20th Century Fox,which had madeElvis Presley's first movie.[62]Fox reworked a play he had bought,Bernardine,into a vehicle for Boone. Theresulting filmwas a solid hit, earning $3.75 million in the US.[67]

Even more popular wasApril Love(1957), a remake ofHome in Indiana.Boone regards it as one of his favourites, "the kind of movie I wish I could have made 20 more of: a musical, appealing characters, some drama, a good storyline, a happy ending, it's the kind of film which makes you feel good. I never wanted to make a depressing or immoral film."[68]

Less popular was a musical comedyMardi Gras(1958), which was the last movie ofEdmund Goulding.However,Journey to the Center of the Earth(1959), a science fiction adventure tale, was a huge hit. Boone had been reluctant to do it, and needed to be persuaded by being offered the chance to sing several songs and given a percentage of the profits, but was glad he did.[69]

He produced and starred in a documentary,Salute to the Teenagers(1960), but did not make a film for a while, studying acting withSanford Meisner.He returned with a military comedy,All Hands on Deck(1961), a mild hit.[70]

He was one of several names in another remake,State Fair(1962), a box office disappointment. Musicals were becoming less fashionable in Hollywood, so Boone decided to take on a dramatic role in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer-distributed movieThe Main Attraction(1962) forSeven Arts Productions,his first movie outside Fox. It was an unhappy experience for Boone as he disliked the implication his character had sex withNancy Kwan's and he got into several public fights with the producers.[71]He had a deal with Fox to make three films at $200,000 a film with his production company. This was meant to start with a thriller,The Yellow Canary(1963), in which Boone would play an unsympathetic character. New management came in at the studio, which was unenthusiastic about the picture but because Boone had a pay or play deal, they decided to make it anyway, only with a much shorter budget. Boone even paid some money out of his own pocket to help complete it.[72]

Boone's next movie for Fox was another low-budget effort,The Horror of It All(1963), shot in England. He made a comedy in Ireland,Never Put It in Writing(1964), for Allied Artists. Boone's third film for Fox was an "A" production,Goodbye Charlie(1964), but Boone was in support ofDebbie ReynoldsandTony Curtis.He was one of the many names inThe Greatest Story Ever Told(1965). He appeared inThe Perils of Pauline(1967), a pilot for a TV series that did not eventuate, which was screened in some theatres. Boone's last film of note wasThe Cross and the Switchblade(1970).

Discography

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Studio albums

Filmography

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Box-office ranking

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Boone was considered one of the most popular box-office stars in the U.S. as judged by the Quigley Poll of Movie Exhibitors in its Annual "Top Ten MoneyMakers Poll":[73]

  • 1957: 3rd most popular star
  • 1958: 11th most popular
  • 1959: 22nd most popular
  • 1960: 22nd most popular

Bibliography (works published by Boone)

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  • 'Twixt Twelve and Twenty:Pat talks to Teenagers(1958) Prentice Hall
  • "Between You, Me and the Gatepost" (1960) Prentice Hall
  • The Solution to Crisis-America(1970) F. H. Revell Co,ISBN0-8007-8081-7
  • A Miracle Saved My Family(1971) Oliphants,ISBN0-551-00640-4
  • The Real Christmas(1972) F. H. Revell Co,ISBN0-8007-0546-7
  • Joy!(1973) Creation House,ISBN0-88419-060-9
  • My Brother's Keeper?(1975) Victory Press,ISBN0-85476-237-X
  • My Faith(1976) C. R. Gibson Co,ISBN0-8378-1764-1
  • To Be or Not to Be an SOB: A Reaffirmation of Business Ethics(1979) Wordware Publishing, Incorporated,ISBN0-89015-737-5
  • The Honeymoon Is Over(1980) Creation House,ISBN0-88419-130-3
  • Marrying for Life: A Handbook of Marriage Skills(1982) HarperCollins Publishers,ISBN0-86683-674-8
  • Pray to Win(1982) Putnam Pub Group,ISBN0-399-12494-2
  • Pat Boone's Favorite Bible Stories(1984) Creation House,ISBN0-88419-245-8
  • Pat Boone's Favorite Bible Stories for the Very Young(1984) Random House of Canada, Limited,ISBN0-394-85891-3
  • A Miracle a Day Keeps the Devil Away(1986) Revell,ISBN0-8007-0693-5
  • New Song(1988) Impact Books,ISBN0-86608-003-1
  • Miracle of Prayer(1989) Zondervan,ISBN0-310-22131-5
  • The Human Touch: The Story of the National Easter Seal(1990) Certification Review,ISBN0-914373-22-6
  • Jesus Is Alive(1990) Thomas Nelson Inc,ISBN1-55894-219-X
  • Double Agent(2002) Publish America, Incorporated,ISBN1-59129-469-X
  • Goodnight, Whatever You Are!: My Journey with Zacherley, the Cool Ghoul(2006) Tradeselect Limited,ISBN1-933384-03-4
  • Pat Boone's America: A Pop Culture Treasury of the Past Fifty Years(2006) B&H Publishing Group,ISBN0-8054-4376-2
  • Culture-Wise Family: Upholding Christian Values in A Mass-Media World(2007) Gospel Light Publications,ISBN0-8307-4355-3
  • The Marriage Game(2007) New Leaf Press, Inc.,ISBN0-89221-114-8
  • Questions About God: And the Answers That Could Change Your Life(2008) Lighthouse Publishing,ISBN1-935079-13-1
  • Pat Boone Devotional Book(2009) G. K. Hall,ISBN0-8161-6630-7
  • If: The Eternal Choice We All Must Make:Pat Boone,ISBN9781948014458

Bibliography

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References

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  1. ^Current Biography Yearbook.New York: The H.W. Wilson Company. 1959.
  2. ^abc"Pat Boone | Biography, Songs, & Facts | Britannica".www.britannica.com.March 28, 2024.RetrievedApril 18,2024.
  3. ^abc"Boone, Pat, Born 1934 | Discover Our Archives".archives.shef.ac.uk.RetrievedApril 18,2024.
  4. ^"Pat Boone Bio".Jango.com.
  5. ^Joel Whitburn(1996).Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits, The.Billboard.p. 806.
  6. ^"Pat Boone | Biography, Songs, & Facts | Britannica".Britannica.com.May 6, 2024.RetrievedMay 20,2024.
  7. ^Albrecht, Brian (February 10, 2019)."Headliner Pat Boone recalls 1955 Brooklyn High School rock concert with Elvis.... who?".The Plain Dealer.RetrievedApril 8,2021.
  8. ^Pat Boone (May 29, 2024)."Pat Boone"(PDF).
  9. ^Nolasco, Stephanie (July 23, 2020)."Pat Boone recalls meeting pal Elvis Presley: 'He was just a scared young kid'".Fox News.RetrievedNovember 15,2024.
  10. ^Moore, Scotty (2002)."Brooklyn School Auditorium".RetrievedApril 8,2021.
  11. ^"Obituary Nick Boone June 1, 1935 – January 20, 2023".Dignity Memorial.RetrievedJune 10,2023.
  12. ^Parish, James Robert; Pitts, Michael R. (July 2003).Hollywood Songsters: Allyson to Funicello.Routledge. p. 99.ISBN978-0-415-94332-1.RetrievedJuly 23,2010.
  13. ^Woodland, Shannon & Ross, Scott."Between the Liner Notes: Pat Boone and the New American Revolution".Christian Broadcasting Network.RetrievedMay 7,2007.
  14. ^Gerstenzang, Peter. "Pat 'n Leather",Columbia,Winter 2007–2008.
  15. ^"Fond memories prompt Boone to appear at UNT – Higher Education".Denton Record-Chronicle.September 6, 2011. Archived fromthe originalon November 23, 2015.
  16. ^Evans, Jim (July 16, 1964)."'Music City' Tour Set Up ".The Kingsport Times.Kingsport, Tennessee. p. 11.RetrievedApril 22,2017– viaNewspapers.com.The folks are shown where Pat Boone attended school and told how Pat got his start with the Sunday concerts in Centennial Park
  17. ^Karen SchoemerArchivedSeptember 2, 2010, at theWayback Machine"More Mr. Nice Guy",American Heritage,Feb/March 2006.
  18. ^See the statistics in Ennis, Philip H.,The Seventh Stream: The Emergence of Rocknroll in American Popular Music(Wesleyan University Press, 1992), pp. 251–52
  19. ^"Show 6 – Hail, Hail, Rock 'n' Roll: The rock revolution gets underway".Digital.library.unt.edu.March 16, 1969.RetrievedSeptember 20,2010.
  20. ^"The whitewashing of Black music: Five singles made popular by white artist".Far Out magazine.August 11, 2021.RetrievedMarch 18,2023.
  21. ^King, Susan (August 11, 2010)."A Pat Boone kiss-and-tell".Los Angeles Times.RetrievedJune 15,2012.
  22. ^Scheuer, Philip K. (October 11, 1960). "Boone to Expand, Buys Two Stories: West Claims Hugh Marlowe; Big Brother's '1984' to Stage".Los Angeles Times.p. 23.
  23. ^"Pat Boone No. 1 (Issue)".Comic Vine.RetrievedMarch 20,2017.
  24. ^Cowsill, Alan; Irvine, Alex; Manning, Matthew K.; McAvennie, Michael; Wallace, Daniel (2019).DC Comics Year By Year: A Visual Chronicle.DK Publishing. p. 89.ISBN978-1-4654-8578-6.
  25. ^Pingitore, Silvia (December 21, 2021)."From Elvis Presley to Speedy Gonzales, from Ronald Reagan to cancel culture: the world's longest interview with 1950s superstar Pat Boone".The Shortlisted.RetrievedDecember 23,2021.
  26. ^abcColin Larkin,ed. (1997).The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music(Concise ed.).Virgin Books.p. 165/6.ISBN1-85227-745-9.
  27. ^"Lamb & Lion Records".Mymusicway.com.Archived fromthe originalon December 21, 2007.RetrievedSeptember 20,2010.
  28. ^"Motown Unveils a Country Wing: Pat Boone Signs",Billboard.October 26, 1974. p. 3. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
  29. ^"Let the Stellar Seller Beware".Time.May 22, 1978. Archived fromthe originalon January 30, 2008.RetrievedDecember 2,2007.
  30. ^"Showbiz makes unlikely stand in Branson, Mo".April 13, 1994.
  31. ^abGilbreath, Edward."Why Pat Boone Went 'Bad'".Christianity Today.RetrievedOctober 4,2009.
  32. ^"We Are Family: R&B Classics – Pat Boone".AllMusic.RetrievedOctober 17,2019.
  33. ^Spring, Jake (December 31, 2010)."Pat Boone Family Theater replaces NASCAR café in Myrtle Beach".The Sun News.Archived fromthe originalon February 4, 2013.RetrievedDecember 31,2010.
  34. ^abBryant, Dawn (January 13, 2014). "Hollywood Wax Museum on track for summer debut in Myrtle Beach".The Sun News.
  35. ^abSecurity One Lending – Innovative Direct Response.October 5, 2011.Archivedfrom the original on October 31, 2021.RetrievedFebruary 6,2017.
  36. ^Swiss America-Free Gold Info w/ Pat Boone.September 11, 2007.Archivedfrom the original on October 31, 2021.RetrievedFebruary 6,2017.
  37. ^"Investment Market & News Reports | Swiss America Trading".RetrievedFebruary 6,2017.
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  39. ^"New Pat Boone Song Encourages Unity in America".Decision Magazine.July 26, 2024.RetrievedJuly 28,2024.
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  61. ^TimesOC, Kathleen Luppi Kathleen Luppi was the entertainment editor for; TimesOC, the Daily Pilot She left; publications, the Daily Pilot in 2018 Before joining those; Register, she was an award-winning journalist at the Orange County; Retail, Where for Seven Years She Helped Cover; civil; Trials, Criminal; Events, Philanthropic; home (September 14, 2017)."Pat Boone celebrates 60 years of show business with O.C. concert".Daily Pilot.RetrievedOctober 6,2024.{{cite web}}:|first=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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