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ThePort of Shanghai(Chinese:Thượng hải cảng;pinyin:Shànghǎi Gǎng;Wu;Zånhae Kån), located in the vicinity ofShanghai,comprises a deep-sea port and a river port.
| Port of Shanghai Thượng hải cảng | |
|---|---|
 Yangshan Deep-water Port | |
 Click on the map for a fullscreen view | |
| Location | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Location | Shanghai |
| Coordinates | 30°37′36″N122°03′54″E/ 30.626539°N 122.064958°E |
| Details | |
| Opened | 1842 (Astreaty port) |
| Operated by | Shanghai International Port Company Ltd. |
| Owned by | Public |
| Type ofharbour | Deep-water seaport/Riverport |
| Statistics | |
| Annual cargotonnage | 514 million (2016) |
| Annualcontainervolume | 43.3 millionTEU(2019) |
| Website http://www.portshanghai.com.cn | |
The main port enterprise in Shanghai, the Shanghai International Port Group (SIPG), was established during the reconstitution of the Shanghai Port Authority. Companies such as the Shanghai Port Container Co. and Waigaoqiao Bonded Zone Port Co. were involved in port of Shanghai.[1]
In 2010, Shanghai port overtook thePort of Singaporeto become theworld's busiest container port.Shanghai's port handled 29.05 millionTEU,whereas Singapore's was a half million TEU behind.[2][3]Shanghai handled 43.3 million TEU in 2019.[4]
Shanghai is one of only four port-cities in the world to be categorised as a large-port Megacity, due to its high volumes of port traffic and large urban population.[5]
Geography
editThe Port of Shanghai faces theEast China Seato the east andHangzhou Bayto the south. It includes the confluences of theYangtze River,Huangpu River(which enters the Yangtze River) andQiantang River.
Administration
editThe Port of Shanghai is managed byShanghai International Port,which superseded the Shanghai Port Authority in 2003.[6]Shanghai International Port Company Limited is a public listed company, of which the Shanghai Municipal Government owns 44% of the outstanding shares.[6]
History
editIn 1842, Shanghai became atreaty port,thus developing into an international commercial city. By the early 20th century, it was the largest city and the largest port in East Asia. In 1949, with theCommunisttakeover in Shanghai, overseas trade was cut dramatically. The economic policy of the People's Republic had a crippling effect on Shanghai's infrastructure and capital development.
In 1991, the central government allowed Shanghai to initiate economic reform. Since then, the port has developed at a rapid pace. By 2005, theYangshandeep-water port had been built on the Yangshan islands, a group of islands inHangzhou Baylinked to Shanghai by theDonghai Bridge.This development allowed the port to overcome shallow water conditions in its current location and to rival another deep-water port, the nearbyPort of Ningbo-Zhoushan.
The port is part of the21st Century Maritime Silk Roadthat runs from the Chinese coast toSingapore,towards the southern tip ofIndiatoMombasa,from there through the Red Sea via theSuez Canalto the Mediterranean, there to the Upper Adriatic region to the northern Italian hub ofTriestewith its connections toCentral Europeand theNorth Sea.[7][8][9][10]
Harbour zones
editThe port of Shanghai includes three major working zones:
Economy
editThe Port of Shanghai is a critically important transport hub for the Yangtze River region and the most important gateway for foreign trade. It serves the Yangtze economically developed hinterland of Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Henan provinces with its dense population, strong industrial base and developed agricultural sector.[11]
Data
editSee also
edit
References
edit- ^Cullinane, Kevin; Teng, Yahui; Wang, Teng-Fei (2005-10-01)."Port competition between Shanghai and Ningbo".Maritime Policy & Management.32(4): 331–346.doi:10.1080/03088830500300438.ISSN0308-8839.S2CID153641988.Archivedfrom the original on 2023-11-13.Retrieved2020-11-29.
- ^"Shanghai overtakes S'pore as world's busiest port".Straits Times.8 January 2011. Archived fromthe originalon 2011-08-15.Retrieved2011-09-14.
- ^"Statistics".www.iaphworldports.org.Archived fromthe originalon 2015-10-04.Retrieved2015-10-03.
- ^"Safety4Sea".Safety4sea. IHS.Archivedfrom the original on 14 June 2021.Retrieved29 May2020.
- ^Roberts, Toby; Williams, Ian; Preston, John (2020)."The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification".Maritime Policy & Management.48(4): 1–13.doi:10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785.
- ^ab"About SIPG".Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd.Archived fromthe originalon 2010-01-13.Retrieved2010-03-20.
- ^Marcus Hernig: Die Renaissance der Seidenstraße (2018) pp 112.
- ^"Can the New Silk Road Compete with the Maritime Silk Road?".Archivedfrom the original on 2021-04-20.Retrieved2021-01-24.
- ^"China's Maritime Silk Road and the Middle East: Tacking Against the Wind".Archivedfrom the original on 2021-01-21.Retrieved2021-01-24.
- ^Bao Jianga, Jian Lib, Chunxia Gong "Maritime Shipping and Export Trade on “Maritime Silk Road” "In: The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, Volume 34, Issue 2, June 2018, Pages 83-90.
- ^"About Port of Shanghai".Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd.Archived fromthe originalon 2017-06-08.Retrieved2010-03-20.
- ^http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/portofshnaghai/Archived2023-05-28 at theWayback MachinePort of Shanghai, China
- ^"Top 15 Largest Seaports of the World".GeoHive. Archived fromthe originalon 2013-01-27.Retrieved2012-12-18.