Wikipedia

Prince of Persia

This article is about the video game franchise. For other uses, seePrince of Persia (disambiguation).

Prince of Persiais avideo game franchisecreated byJordan Mechner.It is centered around a series ofaction-adventure gamesfocused on various incarnations of the eponymousPrince,set in ancient and medievalPersia.

Prince of Persia
Genre(s)
Developer(s)
Publisher(s)
Creator(s)Jordan Mechner
Platform(s)
First releasePrince of Persia
October 3, 1989
Latest releasePrince of Persia: The Lost Crown
January 18, 2024

The first two games in the series,Prince of Persia(1989) andPrince of Persia 2: The Shadow and the Flame(1993), were published byBroderbund.Prince of Persia 3D(1999), named for being the first installment to use3D computer graphics,was developed byRed Orb Entertainmentand published by The Learning Company onPC;theDreamcastversion was developed byAvalanche Softwareand published byMattel Interactive.Ubisoftbought the rights to the franchise in 2001 andrebootedit withPrince of Persia: The Sands of Time(2003). Ubisoft has since developed and published five additional entries in the series:Prince of Persia: Warrior Within(2004),Prince of Persia: The Two Thrones(2005),Prince of Persia(2008),Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands(2010), andPrince of Persia: The Lost Crown(2024), as well as a number of spin-offs and games for mobile devices.

Outside of the games, the franchise includes afilm adaptationbased onThe Sands of Time,written in part by Mechner, and released byWalt Disney Picturesin 2010; a graphic novel; and theLego Prince of Persiatoyline. Ubisoft'sAssassin's Creedfranchise is considered to be thespiritual successorto the series.[1][2][3]

Games

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Main article:List of Prince of Persia media
Release timeline
Original continuity

The Sands of Timecontinuity Reboot continuity

Other continuities
1989Prince of Persia
1990
1991
1992
1993Prince of Persia 2: The Shadow and the Flame
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999Prince of Persia 3D
2000
2001
2002Prince of Persia: Harem Adventures
2003Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time
2004Prince of Persia: Warrior Within
2005Prince of Persia: The Two Thrones
Battles of Prince of Persia
2006Prince of Persia Trilogy
2007Prince of Persia Classic
2008Prince of Persia
Prince of Persia: The Fallen King
2009
2010Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands
Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands(Wii)
Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands(DS)
Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands(PSP)
2011
2012
2013Prince of Persia: The Shadow and the Flame(remake)
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018Prince of Persia: Escape
2019
2020Prince of Persia: The Dagger of Time
2021
2022Prince of Persia: Escape 2
2023
2024Prince of Persia: The Lost Crown
The Rogue Prince of Persia(early access)
2025
2026Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time(remake)

Original trilogy

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The first game in the series was created byJordan Mechnerafter the success ofKarateka.Drawing from multiple general sources of inspiration, including theOne Thousand and One Nightsstories,[4]and films likeRaiders of the Lost Ark[5]andThe Adventures of Robin Hood,[6]the protagonist's character animation was created using a technique calledrotoscoping,with Mechner using his brother as the model for the titular prince.[7]The originalPrince of Persia,with its more than 20 platformports,is one of the most ported games in video game history.[8][9]

Mechner enrolled inNew York University's film department, producing an award-winning short film during his time there, before returning to design and direct a sequel to the original game.[10]The sequel,Prince of Persia 2: The Shadow and the Flame,was developed internally at Broderbund with Mechner's supervision. The game, like its predecessor, received critical acclaim and high sales. Broderbund was subsequently purchased byThe Learning Company,[11]which was later acquired by US game companyMattel Interactive.[12]In 1999,Prince of Persia 3Dwas developed and released under Broderbund's Red Orb label.[10]Released for PC and the Dreamcast only,[13]it was criticized by many users as being buggy, and was a commercial disappointment.[10]The Broderbund/Learning Company's games division, the assets of which included thePrince of Persiafranchise, was subsequently sold toUbisoft.[14]

The Sands of Timeseries

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Mechner, who owned thePrince of Persiaintellectual property,was brought in to work with Ubisoft on a reboot of the franchise, titledThe Sands of Time,although he was originally wary after the failure ofPrince of Persia 3D.[15]The team they worked with was also working onTom Clancy's Splinter Cell:their aim with the game was to "breathe new life into the action-adventure genre".[16][17]

Mechner did not take part in the production of the next game,Prince of Persia: Warrior Within,and he commented on finding the dark atmosphere and heightened level of violence unappealing.[18]The changes also provoked mixed reactions from critics, but sales were strong and a third game, eventually titledPrince of Persia: The Two Thrones,went into production.[19]ForThe Two Thrones,the developers and artists tried to strike a balance between the light, cartoon-like tones ofThe Sands of Time,and the grittier mediums ofWarrior Within.[20]

A fourth installment inThe Sands of Timeseries,Prince of Persia: The Forgotten Sands,was released in May 2010.[21]The Windows,Xbox 360andPlayStation 3versions of the game filled in some of the narrative gap betweenThe Sands of TimeandWarrior Within,whereas the PSP, Wii, and the DS versions each feature their own alternative storylines. The game was released as a tie in toThe Sands of Timefilm adaptation.[22]

Trilogy collection

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ThePrince of Persia Trilogy(known asPrince of Persia Trilogy 3Don the remastered collection's title screen) is a collection ofThe Sands of Timetrilogy released on thePlayStation 2and subsequently on thePlayStation 3as part of theClassics HDrange.[23]The collection includesThe Sands of Time,Warrior WithinandThe Two Thrones,all previously released on the PlayStation 2,XboxandMicrosoft Windows.The games were remastered in high-definition for the PlayStation 3 with3DandPlayStation Network Trophysupport on oneBlu-ray Disc.The PlayStation 2 collection was released on October 27, 2006, in Europe,[citation needed]while the remastered collection was released on November 19, 2010, on Blu-ray inPALregions. The release marks the first Classics HD title to not be published bySony Computer Entertainment.

In North America, the three games were originally released separately as downloadable-only titles on thePlayStation Store.The first,The Sands of Time,was released on November 16, 2010, while the other two games followed in December.[24]The Blu-ray version was to be released in North America on March 22, 2011[25]but the collection ended up being delayed until April 19.

Prince of Persia2008 reboot series

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In 2006, concept designs surfaced hinting at another entry in the franchise.[26]The game, titled simplyPrince of Persia,is a second reboot of the franchise, with its level and combat design harking back to the original 1989 game.[27]The game was released in December 2008, receiving positive reviews from most video game outlets and decent sales.[28]Alongside the main game, Ubisoft's Casablanca branch developed a direct sequel and spin-off for the Nintendo DS, titledPrince of Persia: The Fallen King,[29]which received fair reviews.[30][31][32][19]

Spin-offs and remakes

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The first spin-off of the series was developed alongside and released in the same year asThe Two Thronesfor theNintendo DS.Battles of Prince of Persiais a turn-based strategy game set betweenThe Sands of TimeandWarrior Within.[33]It received mediocre reviews from critics.[34][35]

In 2007,GameloftandUbisoftreleasedPrince of Persia Classic,an enhanced remake of the originalPrince of PersiaforJava ME,Android,iOS,Xbox 360 (XBLA),andPlayStation 3 (PSN).[36]The visual style was upgraded to resemblePrince of Persia: The Sands of Time,and the Prince himself was given some additional moves, such as the ability to roll, backflip, wall jump and stop time briefly during combat. However, the core gameplay remains the same as the original – the player must defeat Jaffar within one hour while watching out for the many traps and defeating the guards they encounter.

There have been a number ofmobile gamesfor Java ME-based phones developed byGameloft,some based on older PC or console titles with 2D graphics and others loosely based on contemporary games but with 2D graphics and different gameplay due to technology constraints. Gameloft has also developed some ports for both theiPhoneand theiPad.[37]The first spin-off by Gameloft was titledPrince of Persia: Harem Adventures,released for Java phones in 2003.[38]Specifically, the company has developed HD remakes of the originalPrince of Persiain 2007,[39]and its sequelThe Shadow and the Flamein July 2013.[40][41]

In 2018,Ubisoftunder the banner of its entityKetchappreleasedPrince of Persia: Escape,[42]a mobile game for Android and iOS. It is arunner gamemade up of different levels,[43]and the player can customize the protagonist with outfits from past games. Reviewing forPocket Gamer,Cameron Bald calledPrince of Persia: Escapea "mundane game crushed under the weight of excessive greed".[44]In August 2022, a follow-up,Prince of Persia: Escape 2,was released.[45]

In January 2024, Ubisoft released the first major installment in the series sinceThe Forgotten Sands,Prince of Persia: The Lost Crown.It is a2.5Dside-scrollingplatformerand introduces a new storyline and protagonist, Sargon, a member of theImmortals.[46]

Future games

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A remake of theSands of Time,formally announced at Ubisoft Forward 2020, was originally scheduled for release on January 21, 2021, for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, but Ubisoft delayed the remake indefinitely.[47]In its quarterly financial report, Ubisoft stated that the remake was expected to be out sometime during its 2022–23 fiscal year.[48]The remake's development was moved to Ubisoft Montréal, a change fromUbisoft Mumbaiand Ubisoft Pune. The company said the 2023 fiscal year release target was no longer being targeted.[49]A new release window of 2026 was announced at Ubisoft Forward 2024.[50]

The Rogue Prince of Persiais an upcoming 2.5Drogueliketitle developed by Evil Empire and set to release in Early Access on May 14, 2024. The game entered development around 2019, after a discussion between Evil Empire and Ubisoft atGDC,and its art direction is heavily inspired by Franco-Belgian comics. The game will be Ubisoft's first day-oneSteamrelease in five years, as well as their first title to be released in Early Access before a full release.[51]

Canceled and unreleased games

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Prince of Persia Redemption

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In 2012, leaked images from a project entitledOsiriswere assumed to be the nextPrince of Persiatitle.[52]Jordan Mechner even commented on his Twitter account that the images were not from aPrince of Persiagame.[53]A year later, Yannis Mallat, CEO ofUbisoft Montreal,said that the franchise was being "paused", saying that "as soon as we have something to show, we will".[54]In the following months, Ubisoft confirmed that it was either planning or considering next-generation entries in multiple franchises, includingPrince of Persia.[55]A video uploaded by a Ubisoft Montreal artist in 2012 but only discovered in 2020 showed a gameplay trailer forPrince of Persia Redemptionwhich would have been released for Windows, Xbox 360, and PlayStation 3.[56][57][58]According to Jonathan Cooper, a former Ubisoft animator at the time, the trailer was a mockup of the planned gameplay for the title created by Khai Nguyen, used to pitch the game concept. The game never developed beyond that point, though the work on the pitch trailer was used to prepare a similar trailer forAssassin's Creed III.[59]

Adaptations

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Graphic novel

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Jordan Mechner finished writing the story for a graphic novel in 2007. The novel was written by A.B. Sina, and illustrated by Alex Puvilland andLeUyen Pham.It was released byFirst Second Booksin autumn 2008.[60][61]The story follows two Princes, jumping between the 9th and 13th centuries. Although it belongs to the franchise the plot is not related to any of the game continuities or that of the 2010 film.[62]

Film adaptation

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Main article:Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time (film)

In 2010, a film adaptation ofThe Sands of Timewas released byWalt Disney Pictures.StarringJake Gyllenhaalas Prince Dastan, it would go on to receive mixed reception, but still gross $336 million in theaters.[63]BesidesThe Sands of Time,the film also incorporated elements fromWarrior WithinandThe Two Thrones,the two other titles from theSands of Timetrilogy of thePrince of Persiavideo game franchise.

Upon the film's release, it was accompanied byBefore the Sandstorm,a 2010 one-shot comic book published byDisney Publishing Worldwide.This comic serves as both a direct prequel and sequel to the feature film, and explains the motives and backgrounds of some characters. It was written by Jordan Mechner and featured illustrations byTodd McFarlane,Niko Henrichon,David LopezandBernard Chang.

Lego Prince of Persiawas released byThe Lego Groupin 2010, as part of the company's strategy to produce sets based on Disney properties.[64]Based on the feature film, Lego released six sets within the theme, as well as a short animated film, before discontinuing it.[65][66]

Reception

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Awards

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The success of thePrince of Persiaseries resulted inGuinness World Recordsawarding the series 6 world records in theGuinness World Records: Gamer's Edition 2008.These records include First Motion-Capture Animation in a Video Game and Highest Rated Platformer on PS2 and Xbox.

Impact and legacy

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South Korean singer-songwriter Kim Kwang-Jin released the song 'Magic Castle', with lyrics inspired from the storyline of the originalPrince of Persia.[67]

In 1992, Russian authorVictor Pelevinwrote a book calledA Werewolf Problem in Central Russia and Other Stories,in which there is a short story called "Prince of Gosplan". The story is greatly influenced by the game; the main hero of the story lives in a mixed reality of the real world and video games and identifies himself as Prince of Persia. He tries to understand if his life is real or if he is just seeing it on a computer display.[68]

The feel of the gameplay inTomb Raiderwas intended to evoke that of the originalPrince of Persia.[69]

TheAssassin's Creedseries originated out of ideas for a sequel forPrince of Persia: The Sands of Time.Its critical and financial success led Ubisoft to requestUbisoft Montrealto develop a sequel, aiming for theXbox 360andPlayStation 3.The Ubisoft Montreal team decided on taking the gameplay fromThe Sands of Timeinto anopen worldapproach, taking advantage of the improved processing power to render larger spaces and crowds. Narratively, the team wanted to move away from the Prince being someone next in line for the throne but to have to work for it; combined with research into secret societies led them to focus on theAssassins,heavily borrowing from the novelAlamut.[70]They developed a narrative where the player would control an Assassin that served as a bodyguard for a non-playable Prince, leading them to call this gamePrince of Persia: Assassin.The "Animus" device allowed them to explain certain facets of gameplay, such as accounting when the player fails a mission, in the same way they had done inThe Sands of Time.[70]

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