Chemical Abstracts Service(CAS) is a division of theAmerican Chemical Society.It is a source of chemical information and is located inColumbus, Ohio,United States.
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| Formation | 1907 |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | Columbus, Ohio |
| Location |
|
Official language | English |
President | Manuel Guzman |
| Website | www |
Print periodicals
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| Discipline | Chemistry(index) |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Publication details | |
| History | 1907–2010 |
| Publisher | Chemical Abstracts Service (United States) |
| Frequency | Weekly |
| Standard abbreviations | |
| ISO 4 | Chem. Abstr. |
| Indexing | |
| CODEN | CHABA8 |
| ISSN | 0009-2258 |
| LCCN | 09004698 |
| OCLCno. | 1553947 |
| Links | |
Chemical Abstractsis a periodical index that provides numerous tools such as SciFinder as well as tagged keywords, summaries, indexes of disclosures, and structures of compounds in recently published scientific documents. Approximately 8,000journals,technical reports,dissertations,conference proceedings,and newbooks,available in at least 50 different languages, are monitored yearly, as arepatentspecifications from 27 countries and two international organizations.Chemical Abstractsceased print publication on January 1, 2010.[1]
Databases
editThe two principal databases that support the different products are CAplus and Registry.
CAS References
editCAS References consists of bibliographic information and abstracts for all articles in chemical journals worldwide, and chemistry-related articles from all scientific journals, patents, and other scientific publications.
Registry
editAs of 2023[update],the CAS Registry contains information on more than 200 million organic and inorganic substances, and about 70 million protein andnucleic acid sequences.[2][3]The sequence information comes from CAS andGenBank,produced by theNational Institutes of Health.The chemical information is produced by CAS, and is prepared by the CAS Registry System, which identifies each compound with a specificCAS registry number,index name, and graphic representation of its chemical structure.
The assignment of chemical names is done according to thechemical nomenclaturerules forCAindex names, which is slightly different from the internationally standardIUPAC names,according to the rules ofIUPAC.
Products
editCAS databases are available via two principal database systems, STN, and SciFinder.
STN
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STN (Scientific & Technical Information Network) International is operated jointly[4]by CAS andFIZ Karlsruhe,and is intended primarily for information professionals, using acommand languageinterface. In addition to CAS databases, STN also provides access to many other databases, similar toDialog.
SciFinder
editSciFinder is a database of chemical and bibliographic information. Originally it was available only as aclientapplication (for bothWindowsandMacOSoperating systems), a web version was released in 2008.[5]By that time it had a graphical interface, and was able to do graphical searches for chemical structures and reactions (the first database to allow such functions), as well as keyword searches for literature in chemistry and related disciplines.[citation needed]SciFinder Scholar was a very similar a product developed for academic institutions, but discontinued in 2023.[6][7] In 2017 theACSreleased SciFinder-n as a web-only product with the same data content and improved user interface and search functions.[8]
SciFinder is considered as the best source of chemical information worldwide, with substantially larger number of relevant information sources thanWeb of ScienceorScopuswithReaxys.[9]However, due to its unique and unusual search functions, substantial training is needed in order to fully take advantage of SciFinder capabilities.[10]
CASSI
editCASSIstands forChemical Abstracts Service Source Index.Since 2009, this formerly print and CD-ROM compilation is available as a free online resource to look up and confirm publication information. The online CASSI Search Tool provides titles and abbreviations,CODEN,ISSN,publisher,and date of first issue (history) for a selected journal. Also included is its language of text and language of summaries.[11]
The range is from 1907 to the present, including both serial and non-serial scientific and technical publications. The database is updated quarterly.[11]Beyond CASSIlists abbreviated journal titles from early chemical literature and other historical reference sources.[12]
History
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Chemical Abstracts(CA) began as a volunteer effort and developed from there. The use of volunteer abstractors was phased out in 1994.Chemical Abstractshas been associated with the American Chemical Society in one way or another since 1907.[13]
For many years, beginning in 1909, the offices ofChemical Abstractswere housed in various places on the Columbus, Ohio campus ofOhio State University,including McPherson Laboratory andWatts Hall.[14]In 1965, CAS moved to a new 50-acre (200,000 m2) site on the west bank of theOlentangy River,just north of The Ohio State campus. This campus became well known in the Columbus area and famous as the site of manyColumbus Symphony Orchestrapop concerts. In 2009, the campus consisted of three buildings.
In 1907,William A. Noyeshad enlarged theReview of American Chemical Research,an abstracting publication begun byArthur Noyesin 1895 that was the forerunner ofChemical Abstracts.When it became evident that a separate publication containing these abstracts was needed, Noyes became the first editor of the new publication,Chemical Abstracts.
E. J. Cranebecame the first Director of Chemical Abstracts Service when it became an American Chemical Society division in 1956. Crane had beenCAeditor since 1915, and his dedication was a key factor in its long-term success.
Dale B. Baker became the CAS Director upon Crane's retirement in 1958. According to CAS, his visionary view of CAS' potential "led to expansion, modernization, and the forging of international alliances with other information organizations."[15]CAS was an early leader in the use of computer technology to organize and disseminate information.[16]
The CAS Chemical Registry System was introduced in 1965. CAS developed a unique registry number to identify chemical substances. Agencies such as theU.S. Environmental Protection Agencyand local fire departments around the world now rely on these numbers for the definite identification of substances. According to the ACS, this is the largest chemical substance database in the world.
In 1965, CAS left their offices at OSU for a new headquarters north of campus. Ground was broken in 1971 for an expansion to the building designed by architectsBrubaker/Brandtto accommodate the review of 400,000 new research reports printed each year. The 5-story 142,000 square foot building opened in May 1973.[17]
In 2007, the ACS designated its Chemical Abstracts Service subdivision anACS National Historic Chemical Landmarkin recognition of its significance as a comprehensive repository of research in chemistry and related sciences.[18]
In 2021, CAS rebranded along with a change in logo. The organization updated their mission to be more focused on dynamic responsiveness due to ongoing changes within scientific industries and communities.[19]
In 2022, CAS announced the release of almost half a million CAS registry numbers under an open license in their Common Chemistry project.[20][21]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^"CAS Printed Products".CAS. Archived fromthe originalon June 12, 2010.RetrievedDecember 2,2009.
- ^"CAS Registry".www.cas.org.RetrievedFebruary 12,2023.
- ^50 Millionth Unique Chemical Substance Recorded in CAS REGISTRYArchived2009-09-17 at theWayback Machine,Reuters.com
- ^FIZ Karlsruhe."STN International: Home".stn-international.com.Archived fromthe originalon November 2, 2008.RetrievedJuly 10,2008.
- ^"New SciFinder Available Via the WebArchived2008-05-13 at theWayback Machine".CAS. April 6, 2008.
- ^SciFinder ScholarArchived2006-10-06 at theWayback Machine,CAS
- ^"SciFinder Classic is Retiring – Sciences Library News".September 16, 2022.
- ^"CAS announces SciFinder-n, a new research experience that elevates scientific discovery"(Press release).
- ^Li, Jie; Burnham, Judy F.; Lemley, Trey; Britton, Robert M. (2010). "Citation Analysis: Comparison of Web of Science®, Scopus™, SciFinder®, and Google Scholar".Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries.7(3):196–217.doi:10.1080/15424065.2010.505518.S2CID62564372.
- ^Gabrielson, S. W. (2018)."SciFinder".Journal of the Medical Library Association.106(4):588–590.doi:10.5195/jmla.2018.515.PMC6148602.
- ^ab"About the CAS Source Index (CASSI) Search Tool".Provided by Chemical Abstracts Service.American Chemical Society. December 2009.RetrievedAugust 26,2016.
- ^Peters, Marion,Beyond CASSI(PDF),Chemical Abstracts Service, archived fromthe original(PDF)on July 3, 2017,retrievedAugust 27,2015
- ^American Chemistry Society. Chemical Landmarks, Chemical Abstracts."ACS Online".RetrievedAugust 1,2009.
- ^Chemical Abstracts Service. About CAS, CAS 100th Anniversary, CAS History: Milestones [Online].http://www.cas.org/aboutcas/cas100/annivhistory.htmlArchived2010-06-12 at theWayback Machine.Accessed 8.1.2009
- ^Chemical Abstracts Service. About CAS, CAS 100th Anniversary, CAS History: Milestones, 1958 Dale Baker [Online].http://www.cas.org/aboutcas/cas100/annivhistory.htmlArchived2010-06-12 at theWayback Machine.Accessed 8.1.2009
- ^David Flaxbart. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, Winter 2007. http://www.istl.org/07-winter/viewpoints.html.Accessed 8.01.2009
- ^"CA to Dedicate New Office Building".The Columbus Dispatch.May 27, 1973.RetrievedAugust 2,2022.
- ^Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)Archived2012-07-12 atarchive.today,American Chemical Society.
- ^"CAS launches new brand reflecting strategic evolution to empower smarter science".April 28, 2021.
- ^American Chemical Society (2023)."CAS Common Chemistry".RetrievedFebruary 12,2023.
- ^Jacobs, Andrea; Williams, Dustin; Hickey, Katherine; Patrick, Nathan; Williams, Antony J.; Chalk, Stuart; McEwen, Leah; Willighagen, Egon; Walker, Martin; Bolton, Evan; Sinclair, Gabriel; Sanford, Adam (June 13, 2022)."CAS Common Chemistry in 2021: Expanding Access to Trusted Chemical Information for the Scientific Community".Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling.62(11):2737–2743.doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00268.PMC9199008.PMID35559614.
