Sertanejo music

For other uses, seeSertanejo (disambiguation).

Música sertaneja(Portuguese pronunciation:[ˈmuzikɐseʁtaˈneʒɐ]) orsertanejo(pronounced[seʁtaˈneʒu]) is a music style that had its origins in the countryside ofSão Pauloin the 1920s.Its contemporary developments made it the most popular genre in the country, particularly throughout the southern, southeastern, and center-western interior.Subgenres includecaipira,romântico,anduniversitário.

Sertanejo
Stylistic origins	Country Cururu Embolada Fandango Recortado Toada
Cultural origins	Late 1920s, countryside ofSoutheastern Brazil,Central-Western BrazilandSouthern Brazil,most strongly in the states ofMinas Gerais,São Paulo,Goiás,ParanáandMato Grosso do Sul.
Typical instruments	classic guitar,electric guitar,viola caipira,accordion,violin, keyboard instruments,drum set,percussion instruments
Subgenres
Sertanejo Raiz or Música Caipira Sertanejo Romântico Sertanejo Universitário Funknejo

Sertanejo songs have been, since the 1990s, the most played music genre on Brazilian radio, constantly topping the Brazilian music charts. Additionally, from 2000 to 2003 and since 2009, música sertaneja albums have been granted a specific category at theLatin Grammy Awards.

Many sertanejo artists are duos, at times formed by siblings, typically singing vocal harmonies, especiallymajor thirds,and employing frequentvibrato.Men have traditionally dominated the scene, although some women such asPaula Fernandes,andMaria Cecília,andSimone & Simariahave achieved mainstream success in the 21st century.

A subgenre, called "sertanejo universitário"(college sertanejo), has developed from the mid-2000s on, consisting of a more stripped-down, acoustic-oriented use of the guitars influenced by Western pop music. It has grown very popular among Brazilian youth nationwide and has dominated the sertanejo scene.

Background

Sérgio Reis,one of the most successful sertanejo musicians in Brazil

Chitãozinho & Xororóare an example of romantic sertanejo duos made of siblings.

"Sertanejo" is derived fromsertão,a general term for rural backlands away from coastal metropolitan regions, although sertão itself is also often used in a narrow sense referring to the interior away from theBrazilian Northeast.Sertanejo differs from theCaipira culture,specifically originating in the area that comprises thestatesofSão Paulo,Minas Gerais,Goias,Mato Grosso,Mato Grosso do SulandParaná."Música caipira" or "música sertaneja" refers to the music that is composed and performed in rural areas, like the old 'moda de viola'. The instruments used by solo musicians or duos are typical of colonial Brazil, such as theviola caipira(guitar).

First era

It was at the end of the 1920s that Brazilian country music as we know it today came into being. It was born from recordings made by journalist and writerCornélio Piresof "tales" and fragments of traditional songs in the interior of the state ofSão Pauloin the countryside ofMinas Gerais,north and west ofParaná,Goiás andMato Grossosoutheast. At the time of these pioneering recordings, the genre was known asmúsica caipira,whose lyrics evoke the lifestyle of the country man (often in opposition to man's life in the city) and the bucolic beauty of the landscape and romantic countryside (currently this type of composition is classified as "sertanejo de raiz" (roots sertanejo), with emphasized words in daily life and manner of singing). Beyond Cornelio Pires and his "Caipira Gang" stood out in this trend, recording at a later time, duoMandi and Sorocabinha,Alvarenga and Ranchinho, and Florencio Torres, Tonico and Tinoco, Vieira and Vieirinha, among others, and popular songs like "Sergio Forero", by Cornelio Pires, "Bonde Camarão" by Cornelio Pires and Mariano, "Sertão do Laranjinha" by Pires and Ariovaldo and "Cabocla Teresa", by João Pires and Ariovaldo Pacifico.

Second era

A new phase in the history of sertanejo music began after the Second World War, with the addition of new styles (of duets with various intervals and the mariachi-style), genres (initiallyguarâniaand Paraguayan polka, and later, the Mexicancorridoandranchera) and instruments (such as the accordion and harp). The theme gradually shifted to love and romance, however, a certain autobiographical character was kept.

Some highlights of this era were the duosCascatinha e Inhana,Irmãs Galvão,Irmãs Castro,Sulino e Marrueiro,Palmeira and Biá,the trioLuizinho, Limeira e Zezinha(launchers of music campeira) and singerJosé Fortuna(adapter guarânia ~ Brazil). Throughout the 1970s, the duoMilionário & Jose Ricosystematized the use of elements of traditional Mexican mariachi with violin and trumpet flourishes to fill spaces between sentences and strokes of the glottis which produces a sobbing voice. Other names, such as duoPena Branca & Xavantinho,followed the ancient tradition of rustic, while the singerTião Carreiroinnovated by fusing the genre with samba, coco and calango de roda.

Third era

The introduction of the electric guitar and pop music influences by duoLeo Canhoto e Robertinhoin the late 1960s marked the start of modern sertanejo music. One member of theJovem Guardamusical movement, singerSergio Reisswitched from pop to sertanejo in the 1970, which contributed to a wider acceptance of the genre.Renato Teixeirawas another important artist in this period.

At that time, sertanejo music was usually performed in circuses, rodeos, and AM radio stations. Early as the 1980s, this penetration extended to FM radio and also on television – either in weekly programs on Sunday morning or even making it into soap operas soundtracks or special one-off TV programs.

During the 1980s, there was a mass commercial exploitation of sertanejo, coupled in some cases, to a rereading of international hits and even the Jovem Guarda's. In this new romantic trend of country music countless artists emerged, almost always in pairs, among which,Trio Parada Dura,Chitãozinho & Xororó,Leandro e Leonardo,Zeze Di Camargo e Luciano,Chrystian & Ralf,João Paulo & Daniel,Chico Rey & Parana,João Mineiro and Marciano,Gian and Giovani,Rick & Renner,Gilberto e Gilmar,Alan e Aladim, along with some female singers, such asRoberta Miranda,Aula Miranda andNalva Aguiar.Some of the successes of this phase are "Fio de Cabelo", by Marciano and Darci Rossi, "Apartmento 37", Leo Canhoto, "Pense em Mim," Douglas in May, "Entre Tapas e Beijos", Nilton Lamas and Antonio Bueno and "Evidências",by Jose Augusto andPaulo Sérgio Valle.

Against this trend of more commercial country music, names like the duo Pena Branca e Xavantinho reappeared, adapting to the language of MPB success of guitars, and new artists emerged likeAlmir Sater,a sophisticated guitar player, who moved among the styles of guitar and the blues. In the following decade, a new generation of sertanejo artists, includingRoberto Correa,Ivan Vilela,Pereira da Viola,andChico Lobo e Miltinho Edilberto,emerged who were willing to reunite the caipira traditions. The recording industry therefore launched a similar movement in the 2000s calledsertanejo universitário,with names likeMarcos & Leo,Joao Bosco & Vinicius,César Menotti & Fabiano,Jorge & Mateus,Victor & Leo,Fernando & Sorocaba,Marcos & Belutti,João Neto & Frederico.As this movement wins more supporters, the market formerly focused on that the advent of sertanejo artists and duos in Goias state, has today elected new idols in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul such asLuan SantanaandMaria Cecilia & Rodolfo.However, Goiás has not failed to reveal big names on the national scene, it appeared the aforementionedJorge & MateusandJoão Neto e Frederico.Not to mention the artists linked to the more massive sertanejo of the previous decade, asGuilherme & Santiago,Bruno & MarroneandEdson & Hudson.

Fourth era

Starts recyclingsertanejo universitário,the artists get the music division, a good part returns to the influences of moda de viola or "moda" as the artists are choosing to call the new segment is emerging, and CDS with the caption "just fashion". Yet another part follows the trends of the past romantic sertão that is the case of artists like Eduardo Costa e Léo Magalhães. In the fourth era, the lyrics no longer talk only about failed relationships, but also about women, drinking, love affairs and sex, and there is influence from funk and samba/pagode.

Sertanejo universitário

Sertanejo universitário
Stylistic origins	Sertanejo pop arrocha vanerão forró brega freestyle
Cultural origins	Early 2000s, Brazil (Central-West Region)

Michel Teló live

Sertanejo Universitáriois a Brazilian musical style that comes from a mix of Sertanejo, segments offreestylewith touches of beats coming fromarrochaand vanerão. It is considered the third segment in the evolution ofmúsica sertaneja,coming aftersertanejo raízandsertanejo romântico,very popular between the decades of the 1980s and 1990s. Simple songs dominate the style, and those sung by two singers of the genre, who are overwhelmingly young and considered "College Kids (Universitario)." Instead of traditional accordions and violins, synthesizers and electric guitars started to be used more frequently in this style of music. This variation differentiates itself from sertanejo as it has more elements of pop, and informal language.

This subgenre is sung, and is more popular with, people attending college, this being the reason behind the name of this variation. This is the style of music played at university parties, like "Ai se eu te pego!"byMichel Teló,who found international success with the genre. This variation of sertanejo has more elements of pop as compared with others.

This specific style has found favour internationally. Besides the massive success of "Ai se eu te pego!"on many charts, hits that have found commercial success in Europe and elsewhere include"Bara Bará Bere Berê,"Balada","Eu Quero Tchu, Eu Quero Tcha"and"Lê Lê Lê".

Origins

The style had surged during the middle of the first decade of 2000, through the experience of sertanejo singers that had fused the traditional rhythms with other musical elements. One of the first duos to develop the style wereJoão BoscoandVinícius.The eruption onto the national scene was in 2005, when the single "Leilão", of the duo César Menotti and Fabiano became a hit.

History

The interaction between the countryside and the cities in the academic sphere contributed to the surge of an individual style. Having violas and guitars disseminated on campuses and student residences, the old sertaneja music ending up joining the violas and guitars with modern instruments such as electric guitars, bass guitars, batteries, brass instruments, and percussion.

The initial result was a new twist to the old and classic sertaneja roots, which over the course of the years starting distancing themselves from their earlier styles, and acquiring their own identity. In this new century the musical influences of the youth in the interior also gradually became mixed with other styles, especially with pop,arrocha,andfunk carioca,styles that are predominantly seen in parties organized by university students.

Rocked by great popular appeal among the youth of both sexes, the new segment has won a lot of attention in the media. Simple music and lyrics, dance beats, and refrains that are easily memorized automatically, generating a large "boom" in style, causing it to leave the restricted University environment and spread to radios and festivals all over Brazil. The repercussions and success of the genre is seen as every day new duos and sertanejo groups are on the rise.

Themes

Due to its rise after the second evolution of sertanejo (Romantic Sertanejo), this style does not come with regional lyrics and situations lived by rural people (like in Sertanejo roots). Usually, the lyrics talk about situations that ordinarily occur in the lives of young people, having a strong appeal towards themes of betrayal, drunkenness, ostentation.

Singers and songs

Sertanejo Universitário found young people in their search for growth, bringing focus to music that speaks of love and ballads. Today, new singers emerge as other adopt the style, and every day the genre becomes more and more popular. Examples of this expansion of Sertanejo Universitario is music likeMichel Telowith the hit, that became an international fever, "Ai Se Eu Te Pego",Gusttavo Limawith the song "Balada",Jorge & Mateuswith "Amo Noite e Dia",João Neto & Fredericowith "Le Le Le",Luan Santanawith "Sogrão Caprichou", Munhoz & Mariano with the music Camaro Amarelo, Cristiano Araujo with "Efeitos" and Thaeme & Thiago with "Hoje Não".

Gusttavo Limais one of the best known names in Sertanejo Universitário in Brazil.

Fifth era

Ana Castelais recognized as one of the disseminators of agronejo in Brazil.

Agronejo

Agronejo is a Brazilian musical style that combines sertanejo withrap,funkandelectronic music,as well as a vague inspiration frombro-country.The name is aportmanteauofagro,which denotesagribusiness,andnejo,from sertanejo. The musical genre emerged around 2020, having its roots in the exaltation of agribusiness,reflecting the experiences and values of agrarian communities in economic and social growth.

The main artists who have stood out in this movement areAna Castela,Luan Pereira, Léo & Raphael, Fiduma & Jeca, DJ Chris no Beat, Us Agroboy (duo of Gabriel Vittor and Jota Lennon), Bruna Viola and Loubet.

The rhythm attracts fans of sertanejo and those who enjoy more contemporary genres.However, the left-wing newspaperA Nova Democraciastated that "this may be the last stage in the decline of music financed by the old Brazilianlandowningstate. Its relations withcaipiramusic have completely run their course. "

List of sertanejo artists

(selective, alphabetical order)
(Artists with considerable crossover European and international success indicated with * asterisk)

Solos

• Cristiano Araújo
• Daniel
• Marília Mendonça
• Alex Ferrari*
• Gusttavo Lima*
• Sérgio Reis
• Leo Rodriguez*
• Luan Santana*
• Paula Fernandes*
• Michel Teló*

Duos

• Bruno e Marrone
• Chitãozinho & Xororó
• Fernando & Sorocaba
• Henrique e Juliano
• João Lucas & Marcelo
• João Neto e Frederico*
• Jorge & Mateus
• Leandro e Leonardo
• Maria Cecília & Rodolfo
• Rick & Renner
• Thaeme & Thiago
• Tião Carreiro & Pardinho
• Tonico & Tinoco
• Victor & Leo
• Zezé Di Camargo & Luciano

International sertanejo hits

(selected)

• "Ai Se Eu Te Pego!"byMichel Teló
• "Balada"byGusttavo Lima
• "Bara Bará Bere Berê"– Three versions byAlex Ferrari,Leo RodriguezandMichel Teló
• "Eu Quero Tchu, Eu Quero Tcha"byFlavel & Neto
• "Lê Lê Lê"byJoão Neto & Frederico

See also

• Latin Grammy Award for Best Sertaneja Music Album
• List of Brazilian musicians
• Música sertaneja musicians
• Pagode (music)

External links

• Música Sertaneja– Dicionário Cravo Albin da Música Popular Brasileira
• Fazenda Country website (on Música sertaneja/Fazenda Country Facebook
• Pantanal Escapes – Music and Culture of Brazil's Pantanal Region(includes links to selected video clips)
• Sertanejo page on 1wxrld.com