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Shepetivka(Ukrainian:Шепетівка,IPA:[ʃepeˈtiu̯kɐ];Polish:Szepetówka) is acitylocated on the Huska River inKhmelnytskyi Oblast(province) in westernUkraine.Shepetivka is theadministrative centerofShepetivka Raion(district). It hosts the administration ofShepetivka urban hromada,one of thehromadasof Ukraine.[1]Population:40,299 (2022 estimate).[2]
Shepetivka
Шепетівка | |
|---|---|
  
| |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Shepetivka Location of Shepetivka in Ukraine  Shepetivka Shepetivka (Ukraine) | |
| Coordinates:50°11′0″N27°04′0″E/ 50.18333°N 27.06667°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Khmelnytskyi Oblast |
| Raion | Shepetivka Raion |
| Hromada | Shepetivka urban hromada |
| First mentioned | 1594 |
| Town rights | 1619 |
| Area | |
• Total | 40 km2(20 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total | 40,299 |
| • Density | 1,199/km2(3,110/sq mi) |
| Postal code | 30400 - 30409 |
| Area code | +380 3840 |
| Website | www.shepetivka.com.ua |
Shepetivka is an importantrailwayjunction with five intersecting transit routes. It is located 100 km away fromKhmelnytskyi,the oblast's capital.
The city is located near historic city ofIziaslav,the center of RuthenianZasławskiprincely estate.
History
edit
Poland-Lithuania1594–1793
Russian Empire1793–1917
Ukrainian People's Republic1917–1918
Republic of Poland1919–1920
Soviet Ukraine1920–1922
Soviet Union1922–1941
Nazi Germany1941–1944
Soviet Union1944–1991
A settlement called Shepetovka, belonging to the prince IvanZaslavsky,was first mentioned in a written document in 1594. In the 16th century Shepetivka didn't differ from other settlements ofVolhynia.The settlement had a community and a windmill. It was givenMagdeburg Rightsat the end of the 16th century. This contributed the settlement's expansion and growing population. At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, the peasantry was intensively enslaved. Population of Shepetivka also suffered from frequent attacks of theCrimean Tatars.Peasants and craftsmen responded to the feudal oppression with therevolt in 1591-1593,led byKrzysztof Kosiński,and therevolt in 1594-1596,led bySeveryn Nalyvaiko.When during theUkrainian war of liberation from Polandin July 1648, peasant-Cossack regiments ofMaxym Kryvonishad conqueredPolonne,the inhabitants of Shepetivka joined the troops.
At the end of the 17th century, Shepetivka became property ofLubomirski family,and in 1703, of theSanguszko family.And at the end of the 18th century, it became part of Iziaslav county,Volhynian Governorate.In 1866, Shepetivka became the capital of the county.
The first written mention of Shepetivka was in 1594.
In 1795, it became part of Iziaslav County,Volhynian Governorate.The first railway station was built in 1873.
In 1923, it got the status of a town, becoming the capital of Shepetovka district. In 1932 it became the capital of Shepetivka Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast. In 1937 Shepetivka Raion became part of Kamianets-Podilskyi (since 1954Khmelnytskyi) Oblast. In 1991, Ukraine became an independent state, and Shepetovka became part of the state (and the town name took on the Ukrainian variant of "Shepetivka" ).
Shepetovka was a town with extensive settlement by Jews, similar to the surrounding region.[3]There were 20,000 Jews counted in a census in the late 1670s, and 52,000 in the 1760s.[4]Several important rabbis were active in the region in the 1700s, including Rabbi Pinchas Shapira, who is buried in Shepetovka.[4]Significant emigration from Shepetovka occurred between 1880 and 1925.
During World War II, the Jewish population of Shepetovka was decimated. Hundreds of people were executed over the summer of 1941, and thousands more in the summer of 1942. Some Jews were evacuated toUzbekistanand survived the war.[4]
Until 18 July 2020, Shepetivka was incorporated as acity of oblast significanceand served as the administrative center of Shepetivka Raion though it did not belong to the raion. In July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast to three, the city of Shepetivka was merged into Shepetivka Raion.[5][6]
Geography
editClimate
edit| Climate data for Shepetivka (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
5.0 (41.0) |
13.6 (56.5) |
20.1 (68.2) |
22.4 (72.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
18.4 (65.1) |
12.2 (54.0) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
11.9 (53.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.8 (25.2) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
1.1 (34.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
14.3 (57.7) |
16.9 (62.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
18.1 (64.6) |
13.1 (55.6) |
7.7 (45.9) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
7.6 (45.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.4 (20.5) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
3.5 (38.3) |
8.9 (48.0) |
11.9 (53.4) |
13.7 (56.7) |
12.9 (55.2) |
8.8 (47.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
3.6 (38.5) |
| Averageprecipitationmm (inches) | 36.1 (1.42) |
38.4 (1.51) |
35.9 (1.41) |
46.1 (1.81) |
64.0 (2.52) |
98.2 (3.87) |
101.9 (4.01) |
72.3 (2.85) |
63.5 (2.50) |
43.5 (1.71) |
41.9 (1.65) |
41.6 (1.64) |
683.4 (26.91) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.2 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 8.1 | 9.2 | 11.0 | 10.4 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 10.4 | 109.1 |
| Averagerelative humidity(%) | 86.6 | 84.8 | 80.3 | 71.1 | 69.0 | 74.3 | 75.8 | 75.2 | 79.3 | 81.9 | 87.2 | 88.3 | 79.5 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 42.8 | 66.7 | 121.7 | 182.9 | 264.1 | 239.3 | 254.3 | 250.8 | 168.2 | 120.6 | 51.9 | 25.3 | 1,788.6 |
| Source:World Meteorological Organization[7] | |||||||||||||
Local media
editThere are several media types represented in Shepetivka:
- newspapers
- Shepetivskyi Visnykis a city district publication (founders - Shepetivka city and district councils, RSA, the editorial staff of the newspaper); circulation is up to 7800 copies per week; comes out twice a week
- Den za dnemis a regional information-analytical weekly; weekly circulation — 7600 copies
- TV
- TV and Radio Company LLCLike TV(formerChance)
- radio
- editorial office of the city district radio broadcasting
Notable people
edit- Oleksii Mes,Ukrainian Air Forcepilot, who died while intercepting Russian cruise missiles, was born in Shepetivka
- Valentina Matviyenko,Chairwomanof theFederation Council of Russia,former governor ofSaint Petersburg,was born in Shepetivka
- Ignacy Jan Paderewski,pianist, composer, and Polish prime minister, lived near Shepetivka as a child
- Nikolai Ostrovsky,Soviet writer, the authorHow the Steel Was Tempered,[8]lived here during his childhood and adolescent years
- Rabbis Pinchas of Koretslived about 30 miles from Shepetivka, but died and is buried in Shepetivka.
- RabbiSimcha Sheps,Rosh Yeshiva ofYeshiva Torah Vodaasgrew up in Shepetivka (according to the Torah Vodaas Haggadah)
- Serhiy Klimovych,Hero of Soviet Union,[9]was born and died in Shepetivka
- Valentin Kotyk,the youngest-everHero of Soviet Union.[10]
- Aizik Vaiman, notable orientalist.[11]
Gallery
edit-
Church of Nativity -
Museum -
Palace of Justice -
Great Synagogue -
Railway Station -
Heroiv Nebesnoi Sotni Street -
Saint Michael's Church -
City Hall -
Museum of Propaganda
References
edit- ^"Шепетовская городская громада"(in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
- ^Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022[Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022](PDF)(in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv:State Statistics Service of Ukraine.Archived(PDF)from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^"Shepetovka Descendants".
- ^abc"Shepetovka Descendants - History".
- ^"Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ".Голос України(in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18.Retrieved2020-10-03.
- ^"Нові райони: карти + склад"(in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ^"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010".World Meteorological Organization. Archived fromthe originalon 17 July 2021.Retrieved17 July2021.
- ^"Музей Миколи Островського в Шепетівці за сприяння Інституту перепрофілювали у Музей пропаганди".Ukrainian Institute of National Memory(in Ukrainian).Retrieved2021-03-24.
- ^Знані постаті Шепетівщини
- ^Володимир Федотов: Так як загинув Валя Котик?maidan.org.ua
- ^Історія та культура євреїв Шепетівщини.shepetivka.com.ua