Wikipedia

Speedo

This article is about swimwear maker Speedo International. For North American licensee Speedo USA, seeWarnaco Group.For the clothing style, seeswim briefs.For other uses, seeSpeedo (disambiguation).

Speedo International Limitedis an Australian-British distributor ofswimwearand swim-related accessories based inNottingham,England.

Speedo International Limited
Company typePrivate
Industry
PredecessorDanomic Investments Ltd.
Founded1914;110 years ago(1914)inSydney,Australia
FounderAlexander MacRae
FateAcquired
Headquarters
Nottingham
,
England
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
  • Chirag Patel(CEO)
Products
ParentPentland Group
Websitewww.speedo.com
Footnotes / references
[1]

Founded inSydney,Australia in 1914 byAlexander MacRae,a Scottish emigrant, the company is now a subsidiary of the BritishPentland Group.Today, the Speedo brand can be found on products ranging from swimsuits and goggles to wristwatches.[2]The Speedo brand was previously manufactured for and marketed in North America as Speedo USA byPVH,under an exclusive perpetual licence,[3]which had acquired prior licenseeWarnaco Groupin 2013. In January 2020, the Pentland Group purchased back the rights from PVH for $170 million in cash, subject to regulatory approval.[4]

In accordance with its Australian roots, Speedo uses aboomerangas its symbol.[5]Due to its success in the swimwear industry, the wordSpeedohas become ageneric trademarkfor racing bathing suits.

History

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Speedo Knitting Mills

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Australian swimmersBonnie Mealing,Clare Dennis,Frances Bultwith chaperone and sprintersEileen Wearne(Aus) andThelma Kench(NZ) at the1932 Los Angeles Olympics

Company founderAlexander MacRaeemigrated fromLoch Kishornin the westernHighlands of Scotlandto Sydney, Australia in 1910. Originally working as amilkman,he foundedMacRae and Company Hosieryfour years later, manufacturingunderwearunder thebrand nameFortitude(taken from hisfamily crest).[6]TheAustralian Army's need for socks duringWorld War Iprovided MacRae with enough business to expand and in 1927 his first line of swimwear, called a "racer-back costume" was introduced. The following year, a naming contest held among the MacRae staff yielded the slogan "Speed on in your Speedos." The brand name was born. The contest winner, Captain Parsonson, was awarded £5 for his slogan and the company was renamedSpeedo Knitting Mills.[6]

The controversial yet revolutionaryracerbackstyle's open shoulder and exposed back allowed greater range of motion in water and was quickly adopted bycompetitive swimmers,despite being banned by some beaches.[7]In 1932, Speedo made its Olympic debut when 16-year old AustralianClare Denniswon theWomen's 200 metre Breaststrokeat theLos Angeles Olympic Games.After nearly being disqualified for "showing too much shoulder" in her regulation silk Speedo brand swimsuit, Dennis went on to set a world record time of 3:06.3.[8]The1936 Berlin Summer Gamesalso saw some controversy as the men's Australian swim team featured shirtless swim trunks for the first time. Also in 1936, Alexander MacRae became involved in theSurf Life Saving Association.To this day, Speedo continues to support the Australian volunteer organisation.[9]

Post-War expansion

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After devoting most of its resources to theWar effortduringWorld War II,Speedo enjoyed a greatpost-wardemand for swimsuits, specifically the recently inventedbikinistyle. The company quickly reestablished itself as a leader in swimwear manufacturing and once again drew controversy when its two-piece was banned by Australian beach inspectors.[9]In 1951, Speedo Knitting Mills (Holdings) Ltd.incorporatedandwent public,selling its stock on theSydney Stock Exchange.[9]In 1955, nylon was used for the first time in the company's swimsuits[10]and the next year, the increasingly popular swimsuit brand returned to the Olympics when its home country hosted theMelbourne Summer Games.[6]The Speedo sponsoredAustralian men's swim teamtook home eightgold medals[11]and brought a new worldwide level of notoriety to the company which debuted theswim briefsthat would become synonymous with the brand name. By 1957, Speedo had the exclusive licence to manufacture and distributeJockeybrand men's underwear in Australia.[12]The company finished off the 1950s by exporting to the United States and exploring potential opportunities in South America, Europe, New Zealand and Japan.[9]

The end of the 1950s also saw the beginning of a long-lasting business partnership which continues to this day. In 1958, Speedo began the manufacture of AmericanWarnaco'sWhite Stagski-wear line. In exchange, in 1961, White Stag became the exclusive US distributor of Speedo swimwear. Through White Stag, Speedo's product line expanded to include men's and women's sportswear.[13]By the middle of the 1960s, Speedo had acquired 30% ofNottingham,England textile manufacturer Robert Shaw & Company and had established a European subsidiary. Licences were also granted to Japanese and South American corporations.[9]The1968 Mexico City Summer Olympicssaw 27 of the 29 gold medalists—22 of which set world records—wearing Speedo brand swimsuits.[9]

Speedo began the next decade by completing its acquisition of Robert Shaw & Company in 1971.[14]The 1970s also saw the company pioneer the use ofelastane (spandex)and the brand's use in Olympic record breaking continued at the1972 Munichand1976 Montrealgames, the latter of which Speedo was an official swimwear licensee.[9]

OnAustralia Day,26 January 1981 theAustralian Institute of Sportopened inCanberra,with Speedo as its first official sponsor.[9]Also early in the decade, Speedo provided equipment and training to China[9]to aid the communist country's return to the Olympics for first time since 1958.[15]Throughout the decade, the brand expanded its reach in Europe by licensing production in Italy, Spain, Sweden and other nations, bringing its total distribution to 112 countries.[9]

Modern technology

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In 1990, British sportswear firmPentland Group,which had just sold its shares of sneaker companyReebok,acquired a significant stake in Warnaco offshoot Authentic Fitness, which was the exclusive North American licensee of Speedo. Pentland followed this move with the purchase of 80% of Speedo (Europe) Ltd. Early the next year, Pentland completed its aggressive entrance into the global swimwear market by wholly acquiring Speedo Australia and Speedo International.[16]Under Pentland's ownership, Speedo expanded its line of swimwear to include more fashion-oriented beachwear as well astriathlonaccessories.

Michael Phelps (centre) unveils the SpeedoLZR Racersuit.

The 1990s saw the creation of the low-drag S2000 suit, thechlorineresistant Endurance line as well as the Aquablade series which was worn by more than three-fourths of medal winners at the 1996 Atlanta Summer Games.[9]

Speedo began the 21st century with the introduction of its Fastskin swimsuit and, again, broke world records when the Summer Games returned to the swimwear leader's home town. The company website boasts that 13 out of the 15 swimming records broken in the2000 Sydney Olympicswere by athletes wearing Speedo.[17]Three years later, Speedo celebrated its 75th anniversary with special limited edition lines endorsed byJerry Hall,Naomi Campbelland others. In 2004,Michael Phelpswore the Fastskin II, the latest evolution of the Fastskin series,[9]inAthensto become the first swimmer to earn eight medals.[17][18]Phelps followed up this performance four years later, earning eight golds[18]atBeijing,while wearing Speedo's LZR Racer suit[9][17]In 2010, the company launched Speedo Sculpture ShapeLine, a new line of body-shaping swimsuits for women.[19]

Products

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Speedo shop, Neal Street,Covent Garden,London

Although the brand name Speedo is oftengenericisedto refer to any style of men's swim briefs, these account for less than 2% of the company's sales.[20]The Speedo name can be found on a wide range of swimsuit styles for men, women, and children focusing on performance and style. Speedo also offers a range of sportswear, footwear, and accessories ranging from swim goggles to electronics. Additionally, Speedo International offers a line of men's underwear and Speedo Australia features a line of underwear calledSpeedo Underbodyfor men and women, sold only in selectDavid Jonesretail stores.[21]

Accessories

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Speedo offers a broad range of swim accessories including more than seventy models of goggles,[22]several models of watches, sunglasses, and towels. In addition, Speedo offers several lines ofaquatic fitnessaids and swim aids for children and adults as well asscubamasks,snorkelsandswimfins.Speedo International offers a line of beach games equipment not offered on the SpeedoUSA website.

Footwear

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The Speedo brand can be found on a wide variety of footwear including sandals,flip-flops,and water shoes. Speedo USA offers waterproof sneakers for aqua fitness training.[23]

Speedo Digital

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The Speedo Digital line of accessories includes the waterproof Aquabeat and LZR Racer Aquabeat digital music players and related accessories, which are manufactured by South Korean consumer electronics companyIriver.[24]Speedo's electronics offerings also include the Auquashot waterproofdigital camera.

Speedos Café

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Swimwear

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Speedo USA's men's collections are categorised as: Competition, Racing,BoardshortsandSwim Trunks,Fashion, andLifeguard.[25]Speedo International's men's offerings also include wetsuits.[26]Both Speedo USA and Speedo International also offer a wide range of children's styles including performance, racing, fashion and beginner lines.[25][26]

Controversial technology

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Swim records were broken in Speedo brand silk suits in the 1930s, and the company was the first to introduce the use of nylon in the 1950s[10]and later nylon/elastane in the 1970s.[9]Speedo's most recent technological advances are found in the Fastskin, Fastskin FS II series and the LZR Racer suit.[17]Throughout the company's history, though, it seemed each design innovation was met with great controversy.Clare Denniswas nearly disqualified from her record-breaking Olympic meet because her suit showed too much skin;[8]early Speedo bikinis were banned from some Australian beaches;[9]more recently, theNASAtechnology in the LZR Racer suitMichael Phelpswore at theBeijing Olympicswas the subject of great media scrutiny.[17]

Fastskin

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In 2000, British designer and former competitive swimmerFiona Fairhurstwas named as a finalist forEuropean Inventor of the Year.[27]Fairhurst helped Speedo's Aqualab design team invent the first-of-its-kind Fastskin swimsuit. Inspired by the varying skin texture of ashark,Fairhurst told theBBCthat she was "looking to develop a fabric that mimics nature".[28]Both the Fastskin and Fastkskin FS II are textured with bumps and ridges in key places, similar to those on a shark's skin. These ridges are claimed to channel the water over the swimmer's body in a more efficient manner than traditional material suits.[29]However, research in 2012 has suggested that the artificial sharkskin patterning does not benefit human swimmers, whose body movement is different from sharks.[17]

In addition, the suits are custom designed for the type ofstrokethe swimmer will use as well as being engineered differently for women and for men. These high-tech suits make use of elastic compression materials to limit muscle oscillation and to compress the swimmer's body, while in other areas a more flexible fabric is used to allow greater range of motion. Leaving no detail overlooked, the design team also uses low-profile seams. According to author Frank Vizard, the Fastskin suits reduce drag by up to four per cent.[30]Speedo adapted this new fabric technology for the2006 Winter Olympics.[20]The full-bodied Fastskin FSII Ice suits were debuted by thesilver medalwinningAmerican women's bobsled team.[31]

By the time the bobsledders were given the opportunity to don their Fastskin suits, the line had already gone through several evolutions including the Fastskin FS-II and Fastskin FS-Pro. From the very beginning, these drag reducing suits were met with great resistance. At issue wasFédération Internationale de Natation (FINA)rule 10.7, which stated "No swimmer shall use any device that may aid his speed, buoyancy, or endurance during a competition (such as webbed gloves, flippers, fins etc). Goggles may be worn".[32]Early in 2000, Speedo hand-delivered their new Fastskin suits to 150 Olympic hopefuls and promised 6,000 more would be made available for Olympic trials. Fearing the possibility of Speedo-clad race winners being stripped of medals due to challenges, theAustralian Olympic Committee(AOC) asked theCourt of Arbitration for Sportto examine the legality of the FINA-sanctioned suits.[33]In May that year, a CAS-appointed arbitrator backed the FINA ruling allowing use of the suits for Olympic tryouts. Australian Olympic Committee president John Coates, however, said in a press conference that their swimmers would be allowed to wear the futuristic neck to ankle covering suits, but would do so "at their own risk".[34]Coates later stated that the ruling he sought was whether the suits should be classified as costumes or devices.[34]

Professor EmeritusofExerciseandNutritional sciencesatSan Diego State University,Brent S. Rushall claimed in a report sent to CAS that the suits were – by FINA's definition and based on manufacturer's claims – in fact devices, rather than costumes[35]and are therefore in violation of the FINA rule, which disallows equipment such as fins or flippers. In the report, Rushall equally criticisesAdidas(who had a similarly designed bodysuit) and Speedo for giving FINA memberspresentsand declares that these members should recuse themselves from ruling on the legality of these suits.[35]

Ultimately, the suits were approved for use in the Sydney Olympics and in December 2000 the super-suit earned a place onPopular Science's"100 Best of What's New", alongside theUS Navy'sF-16replacementandKodak's SmartDigital Picture Framewith built-inmodem.[36]

Four years later, the FSII debuted in the Athens summer games. While this next stage in swimwear evolution was quickly approved by FINA, it was not without controversy. Speedo competitorTYRdeveloped a similar full body suit with detached sleeves, which the company calls Aqua Bands. Both TYR's detached Aqua bands and Speedo FSII's attached sleeves are designed to essentially "grip" the water on the inner forearm. TYR maintained that essentially the only difference between their suit and Speedo's was whether the sleeves were attached. Despite this, FINA did not approve TYR's armbands.[37]In 2004, 47 medals were won by swimmers wearing Fastskin II.[citation needed]

In late 2011, in time for the holiday season, Speedo introduced a new Fastskin3 suit. This suit comes in two styles, Elite and Super Elite. Speedo developed the Fastskin3 as a racing "system", consisting of a newly introduced cap, goggles, and competition suit. Michael Phelps is the principal advertiser for the Fastskin3 line of suits, as Ryan Lochte has been reported to prefer the older Fastskin LZR Elite suits. In succession to the LZR Pro and Elite, Speedo switched the branding for their technical suits from "Fastskin LZR Racer" to "Fastskin", continuing the trend they left off in 2008 when they debuted the LZR Racer. The male suit is available as a normal-cut suit and a high-waisted suit that utilises the space in between the belly button and waist of the male swimmer. The core of Speedo's advertising campaign for the new line touted the benefits of "becoming one" with the suit. Speedo advertises up to 16.6% drag reduction and 11% improved oxygen economy. The system was sold featuring "fit point markers", allowing the swimmer to line up the suit, cap, and goggles to achieve an ideal fit and appearance. FINA approved this suit shortly after it was launched, and the suit was anticipated to be used at the London 2012 Olympics by a majority of athletes, along with theArenaPowerSkin Carbon Pro suit, which debuted in early 2012. However, a series of high-profile seam failures[38]and high costs for poor performance gain meant that the suit was a commercial failure. Most swimmers, including Phelps, ended up using a revamped version of the LZR Elite. The cap and a cut-down version of the "Super Elite" goggles are still sold today.

As of the Rio 2016 Olympics, Speedo's lineup of suits consisted of its flagship "LZR Racer X", known for an "x" pattern of silver kinetic taping; a second generation Elite dubbed the "LZR Elite 2"; and an entry-level "LZR Pro". The LZR X performed slightly better than the FS3 in terms of swimmer preference, but Speedo failed to capture much attention at the Games asMizuno,a Japanese manufacturer, had introduced a new suit (the "GX-Sonic III" ) designed to circumvent the FINA regulations and aid the swimmer in new ways. Specifically, the Mizuno suit comes in two variants: a sprinter ( "ST" ) variant with stiff taping on the inside of the suit along the hamstrings, designed to help the upbeat of a kick at the end of a race as a swimmer's energy fades, while the multi-racer ( "MR" ) uses two layers of the FINA-approved textile to decrease air permeability drastically, thereby trapping considerable excess air and making a swimmer more buoyant just like with the original LZR Racer (see below). Not much marketing material has appeared in the West, as the GX-Sonic has only been primarily aimed at the small Japanese market and required special importing internationally, so there are no numerical performance claims available, but many unsigned standout swimmers likeJoseph Schooling(since signed by Speedo),Caeleb Dressel(since signed by Speedo), andAnthony Ervin(signed by Finis but allowed to choose his own suit) chose to wear the Mizuno suit over any of Speedo's offerings and won many golds in that suit. Additionally, the de facto trademark appearance of some collegiate teams like theTexas Longhornsat theNCAANational Championships is in Mizuno now, as opposed to Speedo.

To combat the rapid uprise of choosing Mizuno among high-performing swimmers, Speedo released a new lineup of suits in 2019, in advance of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. Dubbed the "LZR PURE" collection, the lineup consists of two suits: a new high-end LZR Pure Intent, designed to replace the LZR Racer X, borrowing many technologies like hamstring taping from Mizuno's suits, and intended to compete with Mizuno's ST variant of their GX-Sonic series; and a flexible LZR Pure Valor, designed to replace the LZR Elite 2 and compete with the dual-layered MR variant of the GX-Sonic series. Speedo has also released new goggles and a rebranded FS3 cap to go along with the launch.

LZR Racer

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Main article:LZR Racer
NASAcomputer image used in development of the Speedo LZR Racer

Speedo's most controversial move came with 2008's unveiling of the LZR (pronounced "laser") Racer. The super smooth suit, which was optimised with the help of NASAwind tunnels,uses welded seams and multiple woven fabrics to reduce drag by up to six per cent.[29]In addition, the LZR, like the Fastskin, utilises a core stabiliser, which acts almost as agirdle,to reduce muscle movement. This was designed to help the swimmer maintain the proper angle in the water for longer periods of time.[29][39]Popular Sciencemagazine named the suit one of their "100 Best of What's New '08" list, calling it "The fastest swimsuit in the world".[40]Subsequent research revealed another reason for the suit's success: tiny air bubbles tended to be trapped between the swimmer's body and the suit, lifting the swimmer slightly so that they benefited from lower friction against air as compared to water.[17]

Speedo's website boasts that the LZR Racer was "so fast, it was banned from competition".[41]Indeed, the LZR Racer was banned from international competition by FINA in 2009, along with all full-body polyurethane suits. Men's suits were also banned from extending above the waist or below the knee. Women's suits could not extend past the shoulders or go below the knee.[17] However, by that time, swimmers wearing the suit had already broken at least 46 world records.[39]

FINA's ban on the LZR Racer and all "hi-tech" suits came shortly before Michael Phelps's 200 meter freestyle loss toGermany'sPaul Biedermannat the 2009FINA World Aquatics Championshipsin Rome, Italy. WearingArena'spolyurethaneX-Glidesuit, Biedermann broke two world records that day[42]and beat Phelps by more than one second.[43]Even though FINA had already approved the ban, it had not been scheduled to go into effect until the following spring. The delay in FINA's hi-tech prohibition and Phelps's unexpected second-place finish (his first loss since 2005) led Phelps's coachBob Bowmanto threaten a boycott of international swim competitions.[44]In the first three days of the eight-day competition, 15 world records were set.[44]

I'm done with this. It has to be implemented immediately. The sport is in shambles right now and they better do something or they're going to lose their guy who fills these seats. That would be my recommendation to him, to not swim internationally... The mess needs to be stopped right now. This can't go on any further.

— Bob Bowman,Associated Press

The vague decision by swimming's governing body stated that suit materials would need to be textile, rather thanpolymer-based, but offered no specific deadline for this changeover to occur. [45]The reason for the delay, FINA executive director Cornel Marculescu told theAP,is to give manufacturers enough time "to pass from polyurethane to textiles".[44]The ambiguity continued when FINA was unable to define textile.[45]The most specific aspect of the ruling returned men to bare chests and ladies to bare shoulders.[46]The current rule (GR 5.4), as posted on FINA's website, states "Before any swimwear of new design, construction or material is used in competition, the manufacturer of such swimwear must submit the swimwear to FINA and obtain approval of FINA".[47]

Speedo's latest version of the LZR Racer series, the LZR Racer Elite, carries the FINA stamp of approval. The Elite series, like its predecessor utilises welded seams and compression material to sculpt the swimmer's body.[41]The SpeedoUSA website specifically denies the new generation of LZR Racers is a "quick fix".[41]The most recent list of FINA approved swimsuits, which was published in January 2011 lists 78 specific Speedo brand swimsuits among 45 worldwide brands and nearly 720 models. Among them, 71 are Fastskin models and 13 are LZR series suits.[48]Several Speedo designs have been removed from the FINA list including the original LZR Racer, and multiple Fastskin models.[21]

FINA's ban on LZR Racers left Speedo with a significant surplus stock. The obsolete competition suits have found new life, though. London'sChelsea College of Art and Designreceived a donation of 600 suits,[49]200 of which were turned into the Chelsea Xpo Pavilion as part of the 2010London Festival of Architectureproject.[50]The pavilion can be seen on the college's campus at the Rootstein Hopkins Parade Ground.[51]

Another collaboration between Speedo andacademianetted a line of designer fashions. Teams of students from theLondon College of Fashion,University College Falmouthand theUniversity of Huddersfieldhave reused the material to create a complete fashion line including casual slacks, jackets, and even different forms of swimwear.[52]

This was not the company's first foray into recycled high fashion, though. In September 2010,sustainable fashionlabel,From Somewhereannounced a new line of dresses made from Speedo's surplus.[53][54]

Online resources

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YouTube channel

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Speedo started itsYouTubechannel dedicated to Speedo and its products specifically in the context of "life in and around the water" on 2 March 2007.[55]One of the initial videos was aimed at journalists and providing them with a literal and virtual feel for what the athletes wearing the LZR Racer at the2008 Summer Olympicsfelt by letting members of the media try the suits on in person in Beijing and sharing that experience virtually via YouTube.[56]For swimmers, videos posted cover a wide range of topics including swimming technique overviews and breaking down the process of designing and making swimwear.[57][58]Speedo's channel also features high profile athletes at different points of their journey as a professional swimmer such as at the end of a World Championships.[59]

Sponsorships

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Olympic Committees

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Team Nation Expires Ref
Olympic Committee of Israel Israel N/A [60]

National teams

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Speedo is the sponsor of several national swim teams.

Team Nation Expires Ref
Swimming Canada Canada N/A [61]
Diving Plongeon Canada Canada N/A [62]
Synchro Canada Canada N/A [63]
Canadian Water Polo Association Canada N/A [64]
Colombian Federation of Swimming Colombia N/A [65]
Finnish Swimming Association Finland N/A [66]
Hong Kong Amateur Swimming Association Hong Kong N/A [67]
Icelandic Swimming Association Iceland 2012 [68]
Israel Swimming Association Israel N/A [60]
Japan Swimming Federation Japan N/A [69]
Mexican Swimming Federation Mexico N/A [70]
Romanian Water Polo Association Romania N/A [71]
Royal Spanish Swimming Federation Spain 2014 [72]
British Swimming United Kingdom 2016 [73]

Speedo also offers sponsorships to some High School and College (NCAA,NAIA,Junior college) Leagues as well as non-profit recreation leagues such asYMCAandBoys and Girls Clubs.[74]

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In addition to team and league sponsorships, these are the several celebrity athletes that are currently being sponsored by Speedo.[75]

Country Name Discipline
France Gilot, Fabien Freestyle
Belgium Timmers, Pieter Freestyle
Denmark Blume, Pernille Freestyle
South Korea Kim, Seo-yeong Individual Medley
Ukraine Romanchuk, Mykhailo Freestyle
China Li, Zhuhao Butterfly
China Yan, Zibei Breaststroke
China Ye, Shiwen Individual Medley
China Zhu, Menghui Freestyle
China Liu, Yaxin Backstroke
Canada Thormeyer, Markus Backstroke, Freestyle
Russia Chupkov, Anton Breaststroke
United Kingdom Anderson, Freya Freestyle
United Kingdom Dean, Thomas Medley, Freestyle
Netherlands Heemskerk, Femke Freestyle
Russia Efimova, Yuliya Breaststroke
Italy Magnini, Filippo Freestyle
United States Franklin, Missy Backstroke
United States Meili, Katie Breaststroke
Canada Masse, Kylie Backstroke
United States Cordes, Kevin Breaststroke
Australia Horton, Mack Freestyle
United States Jones, Cullen Freestyle
United States Adrian, Nathan Freestyle
Australia Packard, Jake Breaststroke
United States Beisel, Elizabeth Individual Medley
United Kingdom O'Connor, Siobhan-Marie Individual Medley
Australia Wilson, Matthew Breaststroke
Australia Winnington, Elijah Freestyle
Australia Throssell, Brianna Butterfly, Freestyle
Australia Lewis, Clyde Individual Medley, Freestyle
Australia McKeon, David Freestyle
Australia McKeown, Kaylee Backstroke
Australia Atherton, Minna Backstroke
Australia Titmus, Ariarne Freestyle
United Kingdom Scott, Duncan Freestyle
Australia McKeon, Emma Butterfly, Freestyle
Denmark Blume, Pernille Freestyle
United Kingdom Carlin, Jazz Freestyle
Spain Belmonte Garcia, Mireia Butterfly, Freestyle, Individual Medley
United States Murphy, Ryan Backstroke
United States Flickinger, Hali Butterfly, Individual Medley
United States Dressel, Caeleb Butterfly, Freestyle, Individual Medley
United States Miller, Cody Breaststroke
United States Curtiss, David Freestyle
United Kingdom Peaty, Adam Breaststroke
Australia Simpson, Cody Butterfly

See also

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References

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