Wikipedia

State police

Not to be confused withPolice state.
For the 1938 American film, seeState Police (film).
"State Trooper" redirects here. For the Bruce Springsteen song, seeNebraska (album).For the 1956-1959 syndicated television series starring Rod Cameron, seeState Trooper (TV series).For the 1933 film, seeState Trooper (film).

State police,provincial policeorregional policeare a type of sub-nationalterritorial police forcefound in nations organized asfederations,typically inNorth America,South Asia,andOceania.These forces typically have jurisdiction over the relevant sub-national jurisdiction, and may cooperate in law enforcement activities with municipal or national police where either exist.

Queensland Police Service officers patrolling inBrisbane
SEKmembers of theState PoliceofNorth Rhine-Westphalia,Germanyduring an exercise

Argentina

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InArgentina,as a federal country, eachprovincehas its own independent police force and its responsible of its funding, training and equipment. State police agencies are responsible of all the territory of a determinate state. There is almost no municipal/local law enforcement in Argentina, and if there is, they are generally limited to traffic duties.

Australia

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See also:Law enforcement in Australia

Prior to theFederation of Australia,each Colony within Australia had numerous police forces, but these were largelyamalgamatedwell before Federation.[citation needed]

Today eachstate of Australia,as well as theNorthern Territory,has its own state police force.[1][2]Municipalities do not have police forces and it is left to the state forces to police all geographic areas within their respective states.[citation needed]Australia does have a national police force, theAustralian Federal Police,whose role is to enforce the laws of theCommonwealth,both criminal law and civil law, as well as to protect the interests of the Commonwealth, both domestically and internationally. The AFP does, however, provide policing for theAustralian Capital Territory,Jervis Bay Territory,and Australia's other external territories such asNorfolk Island,Christmas Islandand theCocos (Keeling) Islands.[3]

The state and territory police forces are:

Brazil

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See also:Law enforcement in Brazil

EachstateinBrazilhas two main state police corporations that work together:

Civil Police— The nonuniformed state judiciary and criminal investigation police, which is mainly based on agents and delegates.
Military Police— The uniformed and militarily hierarchical police officers work in agendarmeriesystem and perform police functions of patrolling, approaching and capturing. They are a reserve branch of the Brazilian Armed Forces (mainly the Brazilian Army) and make up the majority of the police force in Brazil.[4]But they do not perform regularMilitary Policefunctions, as they are performed by Brazilian Army police officers on duty, such as theArmy Police (Brazil),because the Military Polices of the Brazilian states are subordinate to the Brazilian Army.

Canada

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Sûreté du Québec cruiser

Law enforcement in Canadaoperates at the federal, provincial, and local levels. Threeprovinces of Canadahave a dedicated police force, with jurisdiction over some or all of the province:

The federalRoyal Canadian Mounted Police(RCMP) provides provincial-level policing in the remaining land area of Newfoundland and Labrador, as well as the remaining seven provinces and three territories. The RCMP began being contracted to provide provincial policing in the late 1920s as provincial police forces were disbanded and their duties contracted out to provincial divisions of the RCMP. The most recent provincial police force to be disbanded, theBritish Columbia Provincial Police,existed from the mid-19th century until its jurisdiction was transferred toRCMP "E" Divisionon August 15, 1950.

Provinces which have disbanded their provincial police may retain other provincial law enforcement agencies, such assheriff servicesorconservation officers.For example, theAlberta Sheriffs Branchis responsible for traffic enforcement inAlbertatogether with the RCMP, despite being a law enforcement agency and not a police force.

Germany

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Hamburg Policemotorcycle officer

TheLandespolizei(or LaPo) is a term used in theFederal Republic of Germanyto denote the law enforcement services that perform law enforcement duties in theStates of Germany.The German federal constitution leaves the majority of law enforcement responsibilities to the 16 states of the country.

There also are several auxiliary state police forces.

India

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Main article:Police forces of the states and union territories of India
The 'Jaguar' Team of theDelhi Police

TheConstitution of Indiadelineates the roles and responsibilities of both the central and state governments, with matters related to police, public order, and law and order falling under the purview of the state governments. India has 28 state police agencies.

Eachstatehas a state police force and its own distinctState Police Services,headed by theDirector General of Police(DGP) orCommissioner of Police(in metropolitan areas), who is anIndian Police Serviceofficer. The state police forces operate under the authority of the respectivestate governmentsand are empowered to enforce laws, prevent crime, investigate offenses, and maintain public order.

Most municipal/city police forces operate under their respective state police departments, with the exception of theKolkata Police.State police agencies typically have jurisdiction across the entire state. However, inWest Bengal,the jurisdiction of the state police excludesKolkata,which is served by the Kolkata Police.[5]

The police forces ofUnion Territoriesin India are either directly or indirectly under the purview of theunion government.Unlike state police forces, theDelhi Policeoperates under the direct control of the UnionMinistry of Home Affairs, Government of Indiadue to Delhi's status as both the national capital territory and a union territory. While they function under the respective Union Territory administrations for day-to-day operations and governance, their ultimate authority and oversight lie with the central government.

TheIndian Police Service(IPS) is not a law enforcement agency in its own right; rather it is the body to which all senior police officers of all states belong regardless of the agency for whom they work. The IPS officers provide senior level leadership to law enforcement agencies, both at the state and federal levels.

List of Indian Police Forces
SrNo State/Union Territory Police Emblem Police Force
1 Andaman and Nicobar Islands(Union Territory) Andaman Nicobar Islands Police
2 Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh Police
3 Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Police
4 Assam Assam Police
5 Bihar Bihar Police
6 Chandigarh (Union Territory) Chandigarh Police
7 Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh Police
8 Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Police
9 Delhi Delhi Police
10 Goa Goa Police
11 Gujarat Gujarat Police
12 Haryana Haryana Police
13 Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Police
14 Jammu and Kashmir (Union Territory) Jammu and Kashmir Police
15 Jharkhand Jharkhand Police
16 Karnataka Karnataka State Police
17 Kerala
Kerala Police
18 Ladakh (Union Territory) Ladakh Police
19 Lakshadweep (Union Territory) Lakshadweep Police
20 Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh Police
21 Maharashtra Maharashtra Police
22 Manipur Manipur Police
23 Meghalaya Meghalaya Police
24 Mizoram Mizoram Police
25 Nagaland Nagaland Police
26 Odisha Odisha Police
27 Puducherry Puducherry Police
28 Punjab Punjab Police
29 Rajasthan Rajasthan Police
30 Sikkim Sikkim Police
31 Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu Police
32 Telangana
Telangana State Police
33 Tripura Tripura Police
34 Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Police
35 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand Police
36 West Bengal West Bengal Police

Indonesia

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Indonesian police officers lineup

InIndonesia,Regional Police(Indonesian:Kepolisian Daerah) (commonly abbreviated as Polda) is the main implementing unit for the territory of theIndonesian National Policewhich is under theNational Police Chief.Polda has the task of carrying out the National Police's duties at the regional level I, namely theProvinces.Polda is a direct extension of the National Police Headquarters. The Regional Police (Polda) is led by a Regional Police Chief (Kapolda) with the rank of Inspector General of Police (Irjen Pol.). The Regional Police consists of the Resort Police (Polres), which is in charge of the Sector Police (Polsek), which is in charge of the Bhayangkara Supervisor of Community Security and Order (Bhabinkamtibmas). The Polda is also tasked with organizing the formation and development of education for the Non-Commissioned Officer level whose operations are carried out by the State Police Education School (SPN), while for the Policewomen Officer level it is also carried out by the Women's Police Training Center for Police (Sepolwan Lemdiklatpol).

  • Aceh Regional Police
  • North Sumatra Regional Police
  • West Sumatra Regional Police
  • Riau Regional Police
  • Riau Islands Regional Police
  • Jambi Regional Police
  • Bengkulu Regional Police
  • South Sumatra Regional Police
  • Bangka Belitung Islands Regional Police
  • Lampung Regional Police
  • Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police
  • Banten Regional Police
  • West Java Regional Police
  • Central Java Regional Police
  • Special Region of Yogyakarta Regional Police
  • East Java Regional Police
  • Bali Regional Police
  • East Nusa Tenggara Regional Police
  • West Nusa Tenggara Regional Police
  • West Kalimantan Regional Police
  • Central Kalimantan Regional Police
  • South Kalimantan Regional Police
  • East Kalimantan Regional Police
  • North Kalimantan Regional Police
  • North Sulawesi Regional Police
  • Gorontalo Regional Police
  • Central Sulawesi Regional Police
  • West Sulawesi Regional Police
  • South Sulawesi Regional Police
  • Southeast Sulawesi Regional Police
  • North Maluku Regional Police
  • Maluku Regional Police
  • West Papua Regional Police
  • Papua Regional Police

Mexico

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Dodge Chargerof the Yucatán State Police

Each of the32 statesof Mexico maintains a separate law enforcement agency orPolicía Estatal.Each of these state forces is tasked with the protection of their citizens, keeping local order and combating insecurity anddrug trafficking.Certain states includingVeracruzandNuevo Leónhave a new model of police force designated as Civilian Forces(Fuerza Civil).

Spain

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In Spain there are autonomous police forces in four of its nineteenautonomous communities.

Apart from this, someautonomous communities(Andalusia,Aragon,Asturias,GaliciaandValencian Community) have a special division part of theNational Police Corpsand autonomous government of each community.

United States

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North Carolina State Highway Patrol cruiser onI-85in 2008
Main article:State police (United States)
See also:List of state police agencies

In theUnited States,state police (also termedhighway patrol,state patrol, or state highway patrol), orstate troopers,are a police body unique to 49 of the U.S. states, having statewide authority to conduct law enforcement activities and criminal investigations. Hawaii, despite a widely dispersedarchipelagoand havingfour separate county-based police agencies,still hasits own statewide policing agency.

In general, these police agencies perform functions outside the jurisdiction of thecounty sheriff,such as enforcingtraffic lawsonstate highwaysandinterstateexpressways, overseeing the security of the state capitol complex, protecting the governor, training new officers for local police forces too small to operate an academy, providing technological and scientific services, supporting local police and helping to coordinate multi-jurisdictional task force activity in serious or complicated cases in those states that grant full police powers statewide. A general trend has been to bring all of these agencies under a stateDepartment of Public Safety.Additionally, they may serve under different state departments such as the highway patrol under the stateDepartment of Transportationand themarine patrolunder the stateDepartment of Natural Resources.

Twenty-threeU.S. statesuse the term "State Police", fifteen use the term "Highway Patrol", seven use the term "State Patrol", and three use the term "State Highway Patrol", while Alaska's agency is the "Division of Alaska State Troopers". The term "highway patrol" tends to be more common in thesoutheastandmountain weststates. Hawaii is the only state with a Sheriff Division of the Hawaii Department of Law Enforcement with statewide jurisdiction.

In addition, all theterritories of the United Stateshave a police force with similar territory-wide authority:

See also

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References

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  1. ^Barker, Cat (12 September 2018)."Crime and law enforcement: A quick guide to key internet links".Parliament of Australia.Retrieved24 July2022.
  2. ^"Australia's police forces [Abstract]".Police.10(7): 24–26. March 1978.Retrieved24 July2022– viaOffice of Justice Programs(U.S.).
  3. ^"Our organisation".Australian Federal Police.Retrieved24 July2022.
  4. ^"Brazilian Laws - the Federal Constitution - Defense of State and Democratic Institutions".v-brazil.com.
  5. ^"Stop fighting over jurisdiction: West Bengal CM to cops".The Times of India.2021-11-18.ISSN0971-8257.Retrieved2024-04-21.
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