Stenosis(fromAncient Greekστενός(stenós)'narrow') is the abnormal narrowing of ablood vesselor other tubularorganor structure such as foramina and canals. It is also sometimes called astricture(as inurethral stricture).[3]
| Stenosis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Stenoses |
 | |
| CT scanof abronchialstenosis (arrow) that resulted fromtracheobronchial injury | |
| Pronunciation | |
Strictureas a term is usually used when narrowing is caused by contraction ofsmooth muscle(e.g.achalasia,prinzmetal angina);stenosisis usually used when narrowing is caused by lesion that reduces the space oflumen(e.g.atherosclerosis).[4]The termcoarctationis another synonym,[5]but is commonly used only in the context ofaortic coarctation.[6][7]
Restenosisis the recurrence of stenosis after a procedure.[8]
Examples
editExamples of vascular stenotic lesions include:
- Intermittent claudication(peripheral artery stenosis)
- Angina(coronary artery stenosis)
- Carotid artery stenosiswhich predispose to (strokesandtransient ischaemic episodes)[9]
- Renal artery stenosis
Types
editIn heart valves
editThe types of stenoses inheart valvesare:
- Pulmonary valve stenosis,which is the thickening of thepulmonary valve,therefore causing narrowing
- Mitral valve stenosis,which is the thickening of themitral valve(of theleft heart), therefore causing narrowing
- Tricuspid valve stenosis,which is the thickening of thetricuspid valve(of theright heart), therefore causing narrowing
- Aortic valve stenosis,which is the thickening of theaortic valve,therefore causing narrowing
Elsewhere
editStenoses/strictures of other bodily structures/organs include:
- Pyloric stenosis(gastricoutflow obstruction)
- Lumbar,cervicalor thoracicspinal stenosis
- Subglottic stenosis(SGS)
- Tracheal stenosis
- Obstructive jaundice(biliary tractstenosis)
- Bowel obstruction
- Phimosis
- Non-communicating hydrocephalusdue toaqueductal stenosis
- Stenosing tenosynovitis
- Atherosclerosis
- Esophageal stricture
- Achalasia
- Prinzmetal angina
- Vaginal stenosis
- Meatal stenosis
- Anal stricture
- Rectal stricture
Causes
editThis sectionneeds expansionwith: user-friendly content beyond a simple list. You can help byadding to it.(October 2023) |
This sectionneeds additional citations forverification.(September 2022) |
Diagnosis
editStenoses of thevasculartype are often associated withunusual blood soundsresulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This sound can be made audible by astethoscope,but diagnosis is generally made or confirmed with some form ofmedical imaging(such asultrasound).[10]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^OED2nd edition, 1989, as/stɪˈnəʊsɪs/.
- ^"Definition of STENOSIS".www.merriam-webster.com.Retrieved2023-02-16.
- ^"Dorlands Medical Dictionary:stenosis".www.mercksource.com.Retrieved2010-05-05.
- ^"Atherosclerosis - What Is Atherosclerosis?".National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.24 March 2022.
- ^"coarctation"atDorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^"Coarctation of the Aorta (CoA)".American Heart Association.
- ^Groenemeijer, B. E.; Bakker, A.; Slis, H. W.; Waalewijn, R. A.; Heijmen, R. H. (July 2008)."An unexpected finding late after repair of coarctation of the aorta".Netherlands Heart Journal.16(7): 260–263.doi:10.1007/bf03086158.PMC2516290.PMID18711614.
- ^Forgos, Richard N. (August 2004)."Restenosis After Angioplasty and Stenting".
- ^"Carotid Artery Stenosis".The Lecturio Medical Concept Library.15 March 2021.Retrieved6 July2021.
- ^Takekawa, Hidehiro; Tsukui, Daisuke; Kobayasi, Saro; Suzuki, Keisuke; Hamaguchi, Hirotoshi (October 2022). "Ultrasound diagnosis of carotid artery stenosis and occlusion".Journal of Medical Ultrasonics.49(4): 675–687.doi:10.1007/s10396-022-01259-7.PMID36175716.S2CID252622616.
External links
edit- "Tracheal Stenosis Audio and Video".Archived fromthe originalon 2007-01-12.
- "Symptoms of Urethral Stricture".20 May 2011.Archivedfrom the original on July 17, 2016.