Wikipedia

TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK

(Redirected fromT129 ATAK)

TheTAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAKis a twin-engine, tandem seat, multi-role, all-weatherattack helicopterbased on theAgusta A129 Mangustaplatform. It was developed byTurkish Aerospace Industries(TAI)[1]in partnership withLeonardo S.p.A.[2]The helicopter is designed for armed reconnaissance and attack missions inhot and highenvironments and rough geography in both day and night conditions.[5][6]

T129 ATAK
Role Attack helicopter
National origin Italy/Turkey[1]
Manufacturer Turkish Aerospace Industries(TAI)[1]
Design group Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI)[1]/
AgustaWestland(Leonardofrom 2017)[2]
First flight 28 September 2009
Introduction 2014
Status In service
Primary users Turkish Army
Gendarmerie General Command
General Directorate of Security (Turkey)
Philippine Air Force
Produced 2009–present
Number built 100 (+7 prototypes) (2023)[3][4]
Developed from Agusta A129 Mangusta

The ATAK programme was begun to meet the requirements of theTurkish Armed Forcesfor an armedtactical reconnaissanceand attack helicopter. The T129 is the result of the integration of Turkish-developedavionics,airframe modifications, andweapon systemsonto the AgustaWestland A129 airframe, with upgraded engines, transmission and rotor blades. It is in use by theTurkish Armyand other services including theTurkish Gendarmerie.[7][8][9]The helicopter has a unit cost of roughly US$50 million.[10]

Development

edit

Origins

edit
T129 ATAK at Farnborough International Airshow 2018, Hampshire

The ATAK programme was begun to meet the Turkish Armed Forces' requirements for an attack and tactical reconnaissance helicopter.[11][unreliable source?]Turkeyannounced on 30 March 2007 that it had decided to negotiate with AgustaWestland to co-develop and produce 51 (with 40 options) attack helicopters based on theAgusta A129 Mangusta.[12][13]It is to be assembled in Turkey byTurkish Aerospace Industries(TAI) as the T129. On 7 September 2007, a $1.2 billion contract was signed.[14][15][16]

On 22 June 2008, the agreement between TUSAS Aerospace Industries (TAI) and AgustaWestland formally entered into force. Under the agreement, TAI would develop an indigenous mission computer, avionics, weapons systems, self-protection suites and the helmet-mounting cuing systems.Tusaş Engine Industries(TEI) would manufacture theLHTEC CTS800-4Nengines under licence.[17]Under the agreement, Turkey has full marketing and intellectual property rights for the T129 platform; Turkey can export also the platform to third party nations, excluding Italy and the United Kingdom.[18]However, the T129's LHTEC CTS800-4N gives theUnited Statesa veto over any prospective export sales and so Turkey developed its ownTEI TS1400powerplant.[19][20][21]About 95% of the initial parts of the serial production T129 are manufactured in Turkey.[1]

On 16 July 2007, theScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(TUBITAK),Meteksan SavunmaSanayii AŞ andBilkent Universityformed a consortium to develop an advanced millimetre wave radar (MILDAR), similar to the Longbow and the IAI/ELTA radars, intended to enter service in 2009.[22][23]MILDAR was successfully completed development in February 2012.[24]

In 2007, it was reported that one helicopter will be kept by the Turkish Ministry of Defense and used as a systems development testbed while the remaining 50 T129s will be delivered to the Turkish Army. An optional 40 further T129s will be produced if necessary.[25]These rotorcraft would be designated T129B.[8]In November 2010, Turkey ordered an additional nine T129s, increasing its total on order to 60.[26][27]These T129s were for an urgent Turkish Army operational requirement and was built by TAI for delivery in 2012, one year prior to the delivery of the previously ordered 51 helicopters.[14][28]Designated T129A, these lack advanced anti-tank missiles; as a result of delays, they entered service in 2014.[8]

Flight testing

edit
T129 "1001" on display at the 2014 Farnborough Air Display

On 28 September 2009, the T129's maiden flight took place when the P1 prototype flew at AgustaWestland's facilities in Vergiate, Italy.[29]On 19 March 2010, the first T129 prototype (P1) conducted high-altitude hover tests nearVerbania,Italy following the completion of several successful test flights. During the hover test, T129 P1 lost its tail rotor at 15,000 feet. Test pilot Cassioli regained enough control to steer away from a residential area before crashing; the crew escaped without serious injuries.[30][31]On 17 August 2011, TAI announced the first successful flight of the T129 prototype "P6", the first of three prototypes to be assembled in Turkey.[32]

In 2013, media reports claimed that the first batch of helicopters delivered to the Turkish Army for trials did not meet the contracted requirements, specifically in terms of "vibration, balance, weight". The T129 was nose-heavy; to resolve this, 137 kg was added to the tail, causing the total weight to exceed the specified requirement. The higher weight may decrease the T129'sservice ceiling,which is detrimental for operating underhot and highconditions, like those found in Southeastern Anatolia. The Undersecretariat for Defense Industries will adjust the contract in accordance, although experts expect weight reductions as development continues.[33]

On 22 April 2014, TAI formally delivered the first serial production T129 to the Turkish Land Forces.[1]A total of nine T129s of the first batch were delivered to the Turkish Land Forces after completing qualification testing.[34]

HAVELSANdeveloped a simulator system for the T129 and presented it at theInternational Defence Industry Fair(IDEF) 2017.[35]

Design

edit

The T129 ATAK is optimized for "hot and high conditions", performance requirements against challenging geographical and environmental conditions in night and day operations.[1][36]It has several key improvements over the original A129 inline with the requirements of theTurkish Army.[1][37]The T129 has been designed to achieve a high level of maneuverability, high impact resistance and ballistic tolerance, along with a reduced visibility, sound and radar silhouette.[1]

The helicopter is equipped with theHunter Kaskaintegrated control system. This system, which was purpose-designed for the T129, enables the automatic orientation of target detection and weapon systems to the pilot's line of sight with high tracking accuracy.[1]The T129 is also equipped with a dedicated electro-opticalFLIRsystemASELFLIR-300T,[38]suitable for multi-purpose mission operations, it is manufactured by the Turkish companyAselsan.[39][1]The rotorcraft is also equipped with advancedelectronic warfareand countermeasure systems which increase survival capabilities in combat situations. These systems include a Radar Warning Receiver (RIAS), Radar Frequency Mixer (RFKS) and a Laser Receiver (LIAS) in addition to an automatic Countermeasure Firing System (KTAS).[1]

The T129 can be used in a variety of roles, including anti-armour, armed reconnaissance, ground attack, escort, asymmetrical, fire support and short range anti-aircraft missions. It is equipped with a single 20 mm three-barrel rotary cannon fitted on a nose turret with 500 rounds of ammunition. The T129 can also be equipped with up to eightUMTAS160 mm long range anti-tank missiles, 76 unguided 70mm rockets forclose air support,16CIRIT70 mm missiles and eightair launched Stingershort range air-to-air missiles.[1]

Operational history

edit

Turkey

edit
T129 performing an aerial display at theParis Air Show2019

In May 2014, the Turkish Army formally inducted the first nine T129s into service; these initial rotorcraft were to a less advanced interim T129A EDH model, intended to replace some of the ageing AH-1s in use prior to the introduction of the more capable T129B variant to service.[40]On 25 April 2015, a pair of T129s were used in combat for the first time in a counter-terrorism operation in Turkey'sSiirt Province.[41]Delivery of the final EDH-standard T129s took place on 31 July 2015.[42]

On 10 February 2018, during theTurkish military operation in Afrin,a Turkish Army T129 was shot down byKurdishYPGanti-aircraft fire in Kırıkhan district ofHatay Province;the loss was confirmed by the Turkish Armed Forces and President Erdoğan.[43]

Philippines

edit
Philippine Air ForceT129B

When thePhilippine Air Force(PAF) re-evaluated its capabilities and performance after thesiege of Marawiin 2017 against ISIS-inspired terrorists, it found that the MD-520MG Defender and the newer AW-109E Power armed helicopters did not have sufficient firepower.[44][45]In 2017, the Philippine government received confirmation from the Jordanian government that they would provide two used Bell AH-1S Cobra attack helicopters,[46][47]with options for more, subject to the decision of the Jordanian government.[48]

Instead of acquiring more light armed helicopters, the PAF favoured purpose-built attack helicopters, even if acquired in smaller quantities. ThePhilippine Air Forcewas offered and cleared toBoeing AH-64 Apache[49]Bell AH-1Z Viper[50]andTAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK.In the end, Due to budget constraints the PAF's Technical Working Group (TWG) settled the T129 due to its lower price than other offers in 2018.[51][45]TAI was able to offer six T129s for the approved budget of around Php 13.8 Billion to be paid through Multi Year Contractual Authorities.[52][53][54]

One of the first T129Bs delivered to the Philippine Air Force (note mirrored image).

In 2021, Due to Chronic Lack of funds the Department of National Defense signed a contract for the purchase of six T129Bs for Php13.7 billion using Multi Year Contractual Authorities[55]via a government-to-government deal with the Turkish Ministry of Defense.[56][57]By December 2022, a total of four T129Bs and accompanying spare parts and logistical support had been accepted by the PAF; the last two helicopters were expected to be completed and delivered by 2023.[58]The T129Bs are to be deployed to the 15th Strike Wing.[59]

In May 2024, two more T129s have formally entered active duty, effectively completing the delivery of six helicopters.[60][61]

Nigeria

edit

According to a statement by the Turkish Aerospace Industries General Manager Temel Kotil during the Farnborough Airshow, TAI will provide six T129s to Nigeria under a recent contract.[62][63]In January 2023, theNigerian Air Chiefannounced that Nigeria will receive 6 T129s by the end of the first quarter of 2023.[64]In November 2023, Nigeria took delivery of 2 T129 ATAK helicopters and have been effectively operational in the war against insurgency.[65]

Potential operators

edit
T129 on static display at the Paris Air Show, 2017

Brazil

edit

In September 2018,Brazilshowed interest in acquiring T129 with army officials visiting Turkey. In March 2019, tenBrazilian Armypilots received certificates for completing T129 test flights at Forte Ricardo Kirk,Taubaté.[66][67]

Iraq

edit

In an Iraqi TV broadcast, the Iraqi defense minister announced in August 2021 that Iraq will acquire 12 T129 ATAK helicopters.[68]

Pakistan

edit

In 2017,Pakistanindicated that it was interested in possibly purchasing the T129 for thePakistan Army Aviation Corps(PAAC), as a replacement to their ageingBell AH-1F Cobragunships; the PAAC had extensively tested the T129 and theZ-10MEin 2016.[69][70]

In May 2018, Turkey's rulingJustice and Development Party(AK Parti) announced that Pakistan is purchasing 30 T129s forUS$1.5 billion, whichTurkish Aerospace Industries(TAI) confirmed in July.[71]However, Pakistan's T129 purchase has been politically complicated; theUnited States Department of Defense(DoD) refused to issue the export license for the LHTEC T800-4A engines that power the gunships owing to diplomatic issues between the United States and Turkey.[72]In 2020, Pakistan granted a one-year extension to TAI so that the latter could persuade the DoD to issue the required export license; TAI also approached its sister company,Tusaş Engine Industries,to develop an indigenous engine for the T129 as a possible replacement for the T800-4A.[73]TAI also hired a U.S-based lobbying firm, Capitol Counsel, to promote the issue to U.S. lawmakers.[74]In 2021, Pakistan granted a six-month extension to TAI in a further bid to resolve the issue.[73]

In January 2022, multiple reports of Pakistan cancelling the T129 deal in favor of the Z-10ME emerged.[75][76]However, the Pakistani military'spublic relationswing - theInter-Services Public Relations(ISPR), denied the reports, stating that the deal had not been terminated.[77][78]

Qatar

edit

In January 2019, it was reported thatQatarhad signed a preliminary agreement to buy T129s.[79]

Saudi Arabia

edit

In 2011,Saudi Arabiaasked Turkey to enter a tender to produce attack helicopters for theSaudi Air Force.[80]

Failed bids

edit

Morocco

edit

On 31 July 2021, it was reported that Morocco was in the "advanced stage of negotiation" with Turkey for the purchase of 22 T129s.[81]Additional sources claimed previous negotiations were suspended in 2018 due to US sanctions.[82][needs update]

South Korea

edit

In January 2013, a media report stated thatSouth Korea's attack helicopter competition included the T129 in the final three bidders with theBell AH-1Z Viperand theBoeing AH-64 Apache.[83][84]However, the AH-64E Apache was chosen in April 2013.[85]

Variants

edit
T129A EDH (Erken Duhul Helikopterior Early Delivery Helicopter)
T129A is the "combat support" version equipped with a 20 mm gatling gun and rounds and can carry 70 mm (2.75 in) rockets; nine T129As have been ordered.[86]Six helicopters have been delivered to theTurkish Army.The T129As are to be upgraded to the T129B standard.[8]
T129B
T129B is the "multi-role" version equipped with electronic warfare systems. 51 helicopters are to be produced, with one to be used as a weapons testbed. The T129B is armed with a 20 mm gatling gun and can carry a varied payload of eightUMTASATGMs, 16Ciritmissiles, eightair launched Stinger,76 70 mm (2.75 in) unguided rockets.[5]

Operators

edit
Nigeria
Philippines
Turkey

Specifications (T129 ATAK)

edit
Left to right: 70 mm unguided rocket pod for 19 rockets, 2 air launchedStinger,launcher pod for 4Ciritmissiles, 4UMTASATGMs
M19720 mm three-barrel rotary cannon andASELFLIR-300Telectro-opticalFLIRsystem

Data fromTurkish Aerospace Industries[5][1]

General characteristics

  • Crew:2
  • Length:14.54 m (47 ft 8 in)
  • Height:3.4 m (11 ft 2 in)
  • Max takeoff weight:5,056 kg (11,147 lb)
  • Powerplant:2 ×LHTEC CTS800-4Aturboshaft,1,024 kW (1,373 hp) each[1]
  • Main rotor diameter:11.9 m (39 ft 1 in)
  • Main rotor area:111.22 m2(1,197.2 sq ft)

Performance

  • Maximum speed:281 km/h (175 mph, 152 kn) ( "maximum cruise speed" )
  • Range:537 km (334 mi, 290 nmi)
  • Ferry range:1,000 km (620 mi, 540 nmi)
  • Endurance:3 hr
  • Service ceiling:4,572 m (15,000 ft)
  • Rate of climb:13.26 m/s (2,610 ft/min), vertical climb rate 7.3 m/s

Armament

Avionics

See also

edit

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References

edit
  1. ^abcdefghijklmno"T129 ATAK".Turkish Aerospace.Archivedfrom the original on 1 June 2021.Retrieved13 July2021.
  2. ^abLeonardo S.p.A.(2021)."T129 ATAK: a success story".leonardocompany.com.Archivedfrom the original on 12 July 2021.Retrieved14 July2021.Advanced multi-role combat helicopter based on the Leonardo AW129, developed in Turkey by Turkish Aerospace Industries for the national and international markets. The helicopter business is a model of successful cooperation between Leonardo and the Turkish industries.
  3. ^"Kotil: En başarılı olduğumuz alan helikopter"[Kotil: The field where we are most successful is helicopter] (in Turkish). cnnturk.com. 11 November 2021.
  4. ^"Turks are on the ATAK... | Times Aerospace".timesaerospace.aero.
  5. ^abc"T129 ATAK"(PDF).Turkish Aerospace.Archived(PDF)from the original on 14 July 2021.Retrieved15 July2021.
  6. ^"News Archives".Airforce Technology.3 October 2017.
  7. ^"T129 ATAK completes first demo flights in Poland".Archivedfrom the original on 16 June 2016.Retrieved18 May2016.
  8. ^abcdTurkish Aerospace Industries, Inc."T129 Attack Helicopter".Archived fromthe originalon 20 July 2015.Retrieved5 September2015.
  9. ^SABAH, DAILY (25 February 2021)."TAI delivers ATAK Phase-2 helicopter to Turkish police forces".Daily Sabah.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 March2024.
  10. ^"T129 ATAK Helikopterinin fiyatı ne kadar?".Savunma Sanayi ST(in Turkish). 24 May 2021.
  11. ^"T129 Attack Helicopter".Army-Technology.com.Archivedfrom the original on 12 May 2014.Retrieved9 May2014.
  12. ^"Attack and Tactical Reconnaissance Helicopter Procurement Program"Archived31 March 2012 at theWayback Machine.Turkey Undersecretariat for Defence Industries
  13. ^"Turkey Announces the Start of Contract Negotiations With AgustaWestland for the ATAK Project"Archived19 June 2011 at theWayback Machine.AgustaWestland, 31 March 2007.
  14. ^ab"Turkey Finally Lands Its Attack Helicopters"Archived14 April 2012 at theWayback Machine.Defense Industry Daily, 28 March 2012.
  15. ^Ozbek, Tolga."AgustaWestland 129 to be model for Turkish ATAK"Archived6 May 2014 at theWayback Machine.Flight International, 14 September 2007.
  16. ^T-129 ATAK pageArchived26 February 2012 at theWayback Machine.Turkish Aerospace Industries
  17. ^TEI News 2010, p. 7Archived27 March 2009 at theWayback Machine,Tusaş Engine Industries, Inc.
  18. ^(in Turkish)"ATAK Helikopter Projesi'nde mutlu son".Milliyet,22 June 2008.
  19. ^Bekdil, Burak Ege (26 July 2015)."TAI's T129 Export Hopes Hinge on US License".Defense News.Archivedfrom the original on 12 January 2019.Retrieved23 May2024.
  20. ^"Yerli ve Milli Helikopter Motorumuz TS1400 hakkında ilk bilgiler"[First information about our Local and National Helicopter Engine TS1400].Savunma Sanayi(in Turkish). 18 October 2018.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  21. ^"Turkish Aerospace to Receive First ATAK-GOKBEY Helo Engine Prototype".Defense World.3 December 2020. Archived fromthe originalon 3 December 2020.Retrieved23 May2024.
  22. ^Kara Hedef Angajmanı İçin Milimetrik Dalga Radar Teknikleri Geliştirilmesi Projesi Sözleşmesi İmza TöreniArchived4 October 2009 at theWayback Machine,16 Temmuz 2007.
  23. ^MILDAR (Millimeter Wave Radar) Capabilities[permanent dead link‍].meteksansavunma.com.tr
  24. ^"MILDAR Projesi Süresinde ve Bütçesi İçinde Başarı ile Tamamlandı".Meteksan. Archived fromthe originalon 23 January 2015.Retrieved3 September2012.
  25. ^Savunma ve Havacılık (Defence and Aerospace) magazine. Issue no: 122. October 2007. pp. 26-28.
  26. ^"Turkey Orders Nine More T129 Helicopters For The Land Forces Command"Archived12 November 2010 at theWayback Machine.AgustaWestland, 8 November 2010.
  27. ^Hoyle, Craig."Turkey signs for more T129 attack helicopters".Flight International,9 November 2010.
  28. ^"Seeking Top Role in Turkey".Defense News, 29 November 2010, p. 26.
  29. ^"ATAK team flies first T129 prototype"Archived3 October 2009 at theWayback Machine.Flight Global.
  30. ^"PICTURE: Turkey's first T129 attack helicopter crashes".Archivedfrom the original on 31 March 2010.Retrieved9 November2010.
  31. ^ASN Wikibase Occurrence #73522Archived6 June 2011 at theWayback Machine,Aviation Safety Network,21 March 2010.
  32. ^[1]Archived29 February 2012 at theWayback Machine.TAI press release
  33. ^"T-129 not meeting requirements, requirements are changing"Archived24 May 2013 at theWayback Machine.Kokpit.aero, 22 February 2013.
  34. ^"TAI marks Turkish T129 ATAK milestone"Archived19 August 2015 at theWayback Machine.Shephardmedia.com, 18 August 2015.
  35. ^IDEF 2017: HAVELSAN WILL SHOWCASE SIMULATOR FOR THE TAI T-129 ATAKArchived1 December 2017 at theWayback Machine.quwa.org, 1 May 2017.
  36. ^"TAI Displays T129 ATAK Helicopter at BIAS 2014".Archivedfrom the original on 2 February 2014.Retrieved20 January2014.
  37. ^"Verification on T-129 and modifications".Archived fromthe originalon 20 April 2009.Retrieved29 September2009.
  38. ^"ASELFLIR-300T Electro-Optical Reconnaissance, Surveillance and Targeting System".ASELSAN.com.tr
  39. ^ab"OPTICS, ELECTRO-OPTICS AND LASERS: ASELFLIR-300T".TURKISH DEFENCE INDUSTRY PRODUCT CATALOGUE.Retrieved23 July2021.
  40. ^Turkey inducts EDH-standard T129 attack helicoptersArchived2 May 2014 at theWayback Machine- Flightglobal.com, 1 May 2014
  41. ^Two Turkish-made T-129 combat helicopters deployed for the first time in operationArchived30 June 2017 at theWayback Machine- Airrecognition.com, 4 May 2015.
  42. ^Stevenson, Beth."TAI completes deliveries of first T129 batch to Turkish army."Archived22 August 2015 at theWayback MachineFlight International,17 August 2015.
  43. ^sabah, daily (10 February 2018)."Erdoğan says Turkish military helicopter shot down during Afrin operation in Syria".Daily Sabah.
  44. ^Farolan, Ramon J. (18 December 2022)."Of helicopters, Turk and Russian".Philstar Global.Archivedfrom the original on 19 October 2023.Retrieved23 May2024.
  45. ^abNg, Jr (10 March 2022)."First two T129B ATAK helicopters arrive in the Philippines".Asian Military Review.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  46. ^Yeo, Mike (23 May 2018)."Philippines to receive Cobra helicopter gunships from Jordan".Defense News.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2018.Retrieved23 May2024.
  47. ^"Knowing the Philippine Air Force's Donated AH-1S Helicopters from Jordan".Pitz Defense Analysis.9 September 2019.Retrieved23 May2024.
  48. ^"Jordan might give PH another attack helicopter — Duterte » Manila Bulletin News".15 April 2019. Archived fromthe originalon 15 April 2019.
  49. ^https://www.dsca.mil/press-media/major-arms-sales/philippines-apache-ah-64e-attack-helicopters-and-related-equipment-and
  50. ^https://www.dsca.mil/press-media/major-arms-sales/philippines-ah-1z-attack-helicopters-and-related-equipment-and-support
  51. ^Lake, Jon (1 June 2022)."US sanctions deal double blow to TAI helicopter sales | Times Aerospace".timesaerospace.aero.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  52. ^https://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/BESF/BESF2022/B12a.pdf
  53. ^Mangosing, Frances (13 May 2020)."Lorenzana: US attack helicopters beyond PH budget".INQUIRER.net.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  54. ^"Understing In Detail the TAI T-129 'ATAK' Combat Attack Helicopter for PAF".Pitz Defense Analysis.27 December 2018.Retrieved23 May2024.
  55. ^https://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/BESF/BESF2022/B12a.pdf
  56. ^Kadidal, Akhil (9 March 2022)."Philippines gets first two ATAK helicopters".Janes.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  57. ^Nepomuceno, Priam (31 May 2022)."2 Turkish-made attack helicopters now mission capable: PAF | Philippine News Agency".Philippine News Agency.Archivedfrom the original on 2 June 2022.Retrieved23 May2024.
  58. ^Bekdil, Burak Ege (26 May 2021)."Turkey to export T129 helos to Philippines despite block on Pakistani order".Defense News.Archivedfrom the original on 9 August 2021.Retrieved25 March2023.
  59. ^"Philippine Air Force to receive first T129B attack helos in Q3 2021".Janes.com.
  60. ^Argosino, Faith (21 May 2024)."PAF receives two more T-129 ATAK helicopters".INQUIRER.net.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  61. ^Domingo, Juster (20 May 2024)."Philippines Receives Two T129 ATAK Helicopters From Turkey".The Defense Post.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  62. ^"Turkey eager to sell more weapons to Nigeria".Levent Kenez.11 July 2022.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  63. ^Lionel, Ekene (26 July 2022)."TAI confirms sale of T-129 ATAK helicopter to Nigeria".Military Africa.Archivedfrom the original on 22 January 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  64. ^Aslam, Umair (22 January 2023)."Nigeria To Receive Three Wing Loong II UCAVs And Six T-129 Helicopters".Global Defense Insight.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  65. ^Lionel, Ekene (2 November 2023)."Nigeria takes delivery of T-129 ATAK helicopters from Turkey".Military Africa.Archivedfrom the original on 4 December 2023.Retrieved23 May2024.
  66. ^"T129 Atak helikopteri Brezilya'daki ilk uçuş gösterisini yaptı".aa.com.tr.Archivedfrom the original on 28 March 2019.Retrieved28 March2019.
  67. ^Roberto Caiafa (26 March 2019),T129,archivedfrom the original on 21 December 2021,retrieved28 March2019
  68. ^"Irak'tan Bayraktar TB2, T129 ATAK ve EH Sistemleri Açıklaması"[Bayraktar TB2, T129 ATAK and EW Systems Statement from Iraq].Savunma Sanayi Haberleri(in Turkish). 28 August 2021.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  69. ^Gady, Franz-Stefan (7 June 2018)."Pakistan To Receive 30 Helicopter Gunships From Turkey".The Diplomat.Archivedfrom the original on 8 January 2022.Retrieved25 January2022.
  70. ^Khan, Bilal (25 June 2017)."Pakistan to begin negotiations for T129 attack helicopters from Turkey".Quwa.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  71. ^"TAI confirms deal with Pakistan for 30 T129 attack choppers".Air Recognition.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  72. ^Bekdil, Burak Ege (13 August 2018)."Diplomatic row jeopardizes $1.5B helicopter deal between Turkey and Pakistan".Defense News.Archivedfrom the original on 12 January 2019.Retrieved23 May2024.
  73. ^abBekdil, Burak Ege (14 January 2020)."Pakistan extends Turkey's deadline to deliver T129 helos".Defense News.Archivedfrom the original on 20 January 2020.Retrieved23 May2024.
  74. ^"Turkish Aerospace Industries hires U.S. lobbying firm amid sanctions threat - analyst".ahvalnews.com.18 December 2020.Archivedfrom the original on 18 December 2020.
  75. ^Dubois, Gastón (5 January 2022)."Pakistan cancels purchase of Turkish T129 ATAK helicopters, and seeks replacement from China".Aviacion Online.Archivedfrom the original on 6 January 2022.Retrieved23 May2024.
  76. ^"Pakistan cancels Turkish chopper deal amid US license deadlock".Daily Sabah.6 January 2022.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  77. ^"Pakistan denies cancellation of helicopter deal with Turkiye".Pakistan denies cancellation of helicopter deal with Turkiye.
  78. ^AGENCIES, DAILY SABAH WITH (7 January 2022)."Pakistan denies reports of canceling Turkish chopper deal amid US deadlock".Daily Sabah.
  79. ^"Qatar to buy Turkish attack helicopters".Ahval.4 January 2019.
  80. ^Harvey, Benjamin (21 September 2011)."Turkey Asked to Compete in Saudi Helicopter Bid, Sabah Says".Bloomberg.Archivedfrom the original on 5 December 2014.Retrieved11 March2017.
  81. ^Le360 (31 July 2021)."Défense: le Maroc en négociations avancées avec la Turquie pour l'acquisition de 22 hélicoptères d'attaque".Le360.ma(in French).Retrieved18 October2021.{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  82. ^savunmatr."Fas'ın 22 adet T-129 ATAK helikopteri satın alacağı iddia edildi".savunmatr.com(in Turkish).Retrieved18 October2021.
  83. ^HaberTurk,"Atak in news"Archived31 January 2013 at theWayback Machine.Haberturk, 30 January 2013.
  84. ^"Korea-Turkey Procurement Imbalance".21 December 2009.Archivedfrom the original on 20 October 2011.Retrieved1 October2011.
  85. ^Song, Sang-ho (17 April 2013)."Seoul to Purchase 36 Apache Helicopters".Korea Herald.Archivedfrom the original on 20 June 2017.Retrieved17 April2013.
  86. ^"Turkey close to receiving first interim T129 attack helicopters"Archived8 May 2012 at theWayback Machine.Flight International, 3 April 2012.
  87. ^"Nijerya'ya yeni t129 ATAK helikopteri teslimatı/website=gdh.digital/date=5 september 2024/language=Turkish".
  88. ^"Nigeria takes delivery of T-129 ATAK helicopters from Turkey".Military Africa.2 November 2023.
  89. ^"Nigeria and Uganda go on the attack".timesaerospace.aero.
  90. ^Merkezi, Haber (December 2023)."Transaction completed for T129 ATAK export to the Philippines".Savumna Sanayi ST.Archivedfrom the original on 23 May 2024.Retrieved23 May2024.
  91. ^"World Air Forces 2021".flightglobal.com.p. 31.
  92. ^@TyrannosurusRex (31 December 2021)."Emniyet güçlerine teslim edilen ATAK sayısı 69 adede ulaştı"(Tweet) (in Turkish) – viaTwitter.
  93. ^"Jandarma'ya 10'uncu T129 ATAK helikopteri teslim edildi"(in Turkish). 31 December 2021.
  94. ^"Elektronik harp podlu T129 ATAK teslim edildi"(in Turkish). 24 March 2023.Retrieved24 March2023.
  95. ^"Türk Kara Kuvvetleri, 57'nci T-129 ATAK helikopterini envanterine kattı".savunmasanayiidergilik.com.Retrieved1 May2023.
  96. ^@ismaildemirssb (25 May 2021)."@EmniyetGM'ye T129 #ATAK Helikopteri FAZ-2 versiyonunun üçüncüsünü teslim ettik"(Tweet) (in Turkish) – viaTwitter.
  97. ^"TUSAŞ'tan Jandarma'ya ATAK FAZ-II teslimatı"(in Turkish). 10 August 2021.Retrieved10 August2021.
  98. ^"PGZ Openly Welcomes the TAI Attack Helicopter Offer - Defence24.com".5 February 2016.Archivedfrom the original on 15 March 2018.Retrieved14 March2018.
  99. ^"TAI T-129 (ATAK) Dedicated Two-Seat, Twin-Engine Attack Helicopter".Archivedfrom the original on 15 March 2018.Retrieved14 March2018.
  100. ^"CIRIT 2.75" LASER GUIDED MISSILE ".Roketsan. Archived fromthe originalon 15 August 2021.Retrieved15 July2021.
  101. ^"ASELFLIR-300T Electro-Optical Reconnaissance, Surveillance and Targeting System | ASELSAN".aselsan.com.tr.
  102. ^"ASELFLIR-410 Integrated On T129 ATAK Helicopter".turdef-com.translate.goog.3 February 2024.
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related toT129 ATAK.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TAI/AgustaWestland_T129_ATAK&oldid=1262410873"