Template:Cite journal

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"Template:Cite paper" redirects here. For conference papers, seeTemplate:Cite conference.

Citation Style 1templates

{{Cite arXiv}}	arXivpreprints
{{Cite AV media}}	audio and visual media
{{Cite AV media notes}}	AV media liner notes
{{Cite bioRxiv}}	bioRxivpreprints
{{Cite book}}	books and chapters
{{Cite CiteSeerX}}	CiteSeerXpapers
{{Cite conference}}	conference papers
{{Cite document}}	short, stand-alone, offline documents
{{Cite encyclopedia}}	edited collections
{{Cite episode}}	radio or TV episodes
{{Cite interview}}	interviews
{{Cite journal}}	academic journals
{{Cite magazine}}	magazines, periodicals
{{Cite mailing list}}	public mailing lists
{{Cite map}}	maps
{{Cite medRxiv}}	medRxivpreprints
{{Cite news}}	news articles
{{Cite newsgroup}}	online newsgroups
{{Cite podcast}}	podcasts
{{Cite press release}}	press releases
{{Cite report}}	reports
{{Cite serial}}	audio or video serials
{{Cite sign}}	signs, plaques
{{Cite speech}}	speeches
{{Cite SSRN}}	SSRNpapers
{{Cite tech report}}	technical reports
{{Cite thesis}}	theses
{{Cite web}}	web sources not covered by the above
See also	Specific-source templates Citation Style 1 wrapper templates

ThisCitation Style 1template is used to createcitationsfor academic and scientific papers published in bona fide journals. For articles in magazines and newsletters, use{{cite magazine}}.For academic and scientific papers not published in bona fide journals, please use one of the templates listed on this page in the "Citation Style 1 templates" box. If you have adigital object identifier(DOI) for the journal reference you wish to add, Wikipedia has a citation bot that will read that DOI and expand it into a full reference with the author's name, journal name, date, volume, issue, pages, etc. You can view instructions on how to add this gadget to your Wikipedia preferences atUser:Citation bot/use.

Usage

Copy a blank version to use. Almost all parameter names are supported only in lower case (some initialisms, such as|isbn=have upper-case aliases like|ISBN=,which are acceptable for use). Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Unused parameters may be deleted to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples on this documentation page may include the current date. If the date is not current, thenthe page.

Most commonly used parameters in horizontal format

To cite a professional or scientific journal {{cite journal|last1=|first1=|last2=|first2=|date=|title=|url=|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|access-date=}} Vancouver systemauthor style for a scientific journal {{cite journal|vauthors=|date=|title=|url=|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|pmc=|pmid=|access-date=}} or {{cite journal|last1=|first1=|last2=|first2=|date=|title=|url=|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|pmc=|pmid=|access-date=|name-list-style=vanc}} To cite a journal article with no credited author {{cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=|title=|url=|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|access-date=}} To cite an online article that has been archived {{cite journal|last=|first=|date=|title=|url=|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|access-date=|url-status=|archive-url=|archive-date=}} To cite an article written in a foreign language {{cite journal|last=|first=|date=|title=|trans-title=|url=|language=|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|access-date=}} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{cite journal|last1=|first1=|last2=|first2=|date=|title=|trans-title=|url=|format=|language=|journal=|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|via=|url-access=|access-date=|url-status=|archive-url=|archive-date=|quote=}}

Full parameter set in horizontal format

{{cite journal|last1=|first1=|author-link1=|last2=|first2=|author-link2=|last3=|first3=|author-link3=|last4=|first4=|author-link4=|last5=|first5=|author-link5=|display-authors=|author-mask=|name-list-style=|date=|year=|orig-date=|editor1-last=|editor1-first=|editor1-link=|editor2-last=|editor2-first=|editor2-link=|editor3-last=|editor3-first=|editor3-link=|editor4-last=|editor4-first=|editor4-link=|editor5-last=|editor5-first=|editor5-link=|display-editors=|others=|title=|script-title=|trans-title=|url=|format=|department=|journal=|type=|series=|language=|edition=|location=|publisher=|publication-place=|publication-date=|volume=|issue=|article-number=|page=|pages=|at=|no-pp=|arxiv=|asin=|bibcode=|bibcode-access=|biorxiv=|citeseerx=|doi=|doi-access=|doi-broken-date=|isbn=|issn=|jfm=|jstor=|jstor-access=|lccn=|mr=|oclc=|ol=|ol-access=|osti=|osti-access=|pmc=|pmid=|rfc=|ssrn=|zbl=|id=|via=|url-access=|access-date=|url-status=|archive-url=|archive-date=|quote=|postscript=|ref=}}

Most commonly used parameters in vertical format

To cite a professional or scientific journal {{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date= }} Vancouver systemauthor style for a scientific journal {{cite journal |vauthors= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= }} or {{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date= |name-list-style=vanc }} To cite a journal article with no credited author {{cite journal |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date= }} To cite an online article that has been archived {{cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |url= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= }} To cite a journal article written in a foreign language {{cite journal |last= |first= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |access-date= }} To cite and quote an archived, two-author, foreign language journal article re-published as a PDF on an information aggregation service requiring a subscription {{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title= |trans-title= |url= |format= |language= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi= |via= |url-access= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= |quote= }}

Full parameter set in vertical format

Vertical list	Prerequisites	Brief instructions / notes
{{cite journal |last1= |first1= |author-link1= |last2= |first2= |author-link2= |last3= |first3= |author-link3= |last4= |first4= |author-link4= |last5= |first5= |author-link5= |display-authors= |author-mask= |name-list-style= |date= |year= |orig-date= |editor1-last= |editor1-first= |editor1-link= |editor2-last= |editor2-first= |editor2-link= |editor3-last= |editor3-first= |editor3-link= |editor4-last= |editor4-first= |editor4-link= |editor5-last= |editor5-first= |editor5-link= |display-editors= |others= |title= |script-title= |trans-title= |url= |format= |department= |journal= |type= |series= |language= |edition= |location= |publisher= |publication-place= |publication-date= |volume= |issue= |article-number= |page= |pages= |at= |no-pp= |arxiv= |asin= |bibcode= |biorxiv= |citeseerx= |doi= |doi-broken-date= |doi-access= |isbn= |issn= |jfm= |jstor= |jstor-access= |lccn= |mr= |oclc= |ol= |ol-access= |osti= |osti-access= |pmc= |pmid= |rfc= |ssrn= |zbl= |id= |via= |quote= |postscript= |ref= |url-access= |access-date= |url-status= |archive-url= |archive-date= }}	last1 last1 last2 last2 last3 last3 last4 last4 last5 last5 editor1-last editor1-last editor2-last editor2-last editor3-last editor3-last editor4-last editor4-last editor5-last editor5-last title or script-title doi doi jstor ol osti url url url url archive-url

• If a field name is listed in thePrerequisitescolumn, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left.

Examples

Journal article

• {{cite journal|last1=Overpeck|first1=J. T.|last2=Webb|first2=T.|last3=Prentice|first3=I. C.|date=January 1985|title=Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs|journal=Quaternary Research|volume=23|pages=87–108|bibcode=1985QuRes..23...87O|doi=10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2}}

Displays as:

• Overpeck, J. T.; Webb, T.; Prentice, I. C. (January 1985). "Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: Dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogs".Quaternary Research.23:87–108.Bibcode:1985QuRes..23...87O.doi:10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2.

Vancouver style (common in biomedicine); seeCitation Style Vancouverfor specific templates

• {{cite journal|vauthors=Bannen R, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright S, Mitchell J|date=2008|title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins|url=https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/24/20/2339/260340|journal=Bioinformatics|volume=24|issue=20|pages=2339–2343|doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450|pmc=2562006|pmid=18723523}}

Displays as:

• Bannen R, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright S, Mitchell J (2008)."Optimal design of thermally stable proteins".Bioinformatics.24(20): 2339–2343.doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450.PMC2562006.PMID18723523.

or

• {{cite journal|last1=Bannen|first1=RM|last2=Suresh|first2=V|last3=Phillips|first3=GN Jr|last4=Wright|first4=SJ|last5=Mitchell|first5=JC|date=2008|title=Optimal design of thermally stable proteins|url=https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article/24/20/2339/260340|journal=Bioinformatics|volume=24|issue=20|pages=2339–2343|doi=10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450|pmc=2562006|pmid=18723523|name-list-style=vanc}}

Displays as:

• Bannen RM, Suresh V, Phillips GN Jr, Wright SJ, Mitchell JC (2008)."Optimal design of thermally stable proteins".Bioinformatics.24(20): 2339–2343.doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn450.PMC2562006.PMID18723523.

Include URL link to article, pre-print, or abstract.

• {{cite journal|last1=Aries|first1=Myriam B. C.|last2=Newsham|first2=Guy R.|name-list-style=amp|date=2008|title=Effect of daylight saving time on lighting energy use: a literature review|url=http://archive.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/nrcc49212/nrcc49212.pdf|journal=Energy Policy|volume=36|issue=6|pages=1858–1866|doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.021|access-date=October 18, 2013}}

Displays as:

• Aries, Myriam B. C. & Newsham, Guy R. (2008)."Effect of daylight saving time on lighting energy use: a literature review"(PDF).Energy Policy.36(6): 1858–1866.doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.021.RetrievedOctober 18,2013.

If the linked document is PDF, but theextensionis not.pdf or.PDF, you may add the parameter|format=PDF,which displays "(PDF)" after the link.

Specify theDOIto provide a permanent link, and a URL where the article is free. For medical articles also give thePMIDandPubMed Central(PMC) ID

the PMC value will link the free full-text repository, will link the title if the URL is not specified, and will show an open padlock informing readers that the article is open-access.|access-date=is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.

• {{cite journal|last1=Viollet|first1=Benoît|last2=Andreelli|first2=Fabrizio|last3=Jørgensen|first3=Sebastian B.|last4=Perrin|first4=Christophe|last5=Geloen|first5=Alain|last6=Flamez|first6=Daisy|last7=Mu|first7=James|last8=Lenzner|first8=Claudia|last9=Baud|first9=Olivier|last10=Bennoun|first10=Myriam|last11=Gomas|first11=Emmanuel|last12=Nicolas|first12=Gaël|last13=Wojtaszewski|first13=Jørgen F. P.|last14=Kahn1|first14=Axel|last15=Carling|first15=David|last16=Schuit|first16=Frans C.|last17=Birnbaum|first17=Morris J.|last18=Richter|first18=Erik A.|last19=Burcelin|first19=Rémy|last20=Vaulont|first20=Sophie|display-authors=5|date=January 2003|title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity|url=https://www.jci.org/articles/view/16567|journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=111|issue=1|pages=91–98|doi=10.1172/JCI16567|pmc=151837|pmid=12511592|access-date=2012-11-17}}

Displays as:

• Viollet, Benoît; Andreelli, Fabrizio; Jørgensen, Sebastian B.; Perrin, Christophe; Geloen, Alain; et al. (January 2003)."The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity".The Journal of Clinical Investigation.111(1): 91–98.doi:10.1172/JCI16567.PMC151837.PMID12511592.Retrieved2012-11-17.{{cite journal}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

Whereas if the URL had not been specified, then the title is linked to the PMC link, which is repeated:

• {{cite journal|last1=Viollet|first1=Benoît|last2=Andreelli|first2=Fabrizio|last3=Jørgensen|first3=Sebastian B.|last4=Perrin|first4=Christophe|last5=Geloen|first5=Alain|last6=Flamez|first6=Daisy|last7=Mu|first7=James|last8=Lenzner|first8=Claudia|last9=Baud|first9=Olivier|last10=Bennoun|first10=Myriam|last11=Gomas|first11=Emmanuel|last12=Nicolas|first12=Gaël|last13=Wojtaszewski|first13=Jørgen F. P.|last14=Kahn1|first14=Axel|last15=Carling|first15=David|last16=Schuit|first16=Frans C.|last17=Birnbaum|first17=Morris J.|last18=Richter|first18=Erik A.|last19=Burcelin|first19=Rémy|last20=Vaulont|first20=Sophie|display-authors=5|date=January 2003|title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity|journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=111|issue=1|pages=91–98|doi=10.1172/JCI16567|pmc=151837|pmid=12511592}}

Displays as:

• Viollet, Benoît; Andreelli, Fabrizio; Jørgensen, Sebastian B.; Perrin, Christophe; Geloen, Alain; et al. (January 2003)."The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity".The Journal of Clinical Investigation.111(1): 91–98.doi:10.1172/JCI16567.PMC151837.PMID12511592.{{cite journal}}:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

If the doi link is broken, then use ofdoi-broken-dateindicates when the doi-problem was last verified, and will also add the page to "CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of Mmmm YYYY" (tracking categoryCategory:CS1 maint: DOI inactive):

• {{cite journal|last1=Viollet|first1=Benoît|last2=Andreelli|first2=Fabrizio|last3=Jørgensen|first3=Sebastian B.|last4=Perrin|first4=Christophe|last5=Geloen|first5=Alain|last6=Flamez|first6=Daisy|last7=Mu|first7=James|last8=Lenzner|first8=Claudia|last9=Baud|first9=Olivier|last10=Bennoun|first10=Myriam|last11=Gomas|first11=Emmanuel|last12=Nicolas|first12=Gaël|last13=Wojtaszewski|first13=Jørgen F. P.|last14=Kahn1|first14=Axel|last15=Carling|first15=David|last16=Schuit|first16=Frans C.|last17=Birnbaum|first17=Morris J.|last18=Richter|first18=Erik A.|last19=Burcelin|first19=Rémy|last20=Vaulont|first20=Sophie|display-authors=5|date=January 2003|title=The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity|journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=111|issue=1|pages=91–98|doi=10.1172/JCI16567|doi-broken-date=2021-07-01|pmc=151837|pmid=12511592}}

Displays as:

• Viollet, Benoît; Andreelli, Fabrizio; Jørgensen, Sebastian B.; Perrin, Christophe; Geloen, Alain; et al. (January 2003)."The AMP-activated protein kinase α2 catalytic subunit controls whole-body insulin sensitivity".The Journal of Clinical Investigation.111(1): 91–98.doi:10.1172/JCI16567(inactive 2021-07-01).PMC151837.PMID12511592.{{cite journal}}:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2021 (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

If the article is in a foreign language, and the original title is unknown, enclose the translated title in square brackets and use|title=.Otherwise use|title=for the foreign-language title and|trans-title=for the English-language title.

• {{cite journal|last1=Huang|first1=Y.|last2=Lu|first2=J.|last3=Shen|first3=Y.|last4=Lu|first4=J.|name-list-style=amp|date=March 1999|title=[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats]|journal=Wei Sheng Yan Jiu|language=Chinese|volume=28|issue=2|pages=115–116|pmid=11938998}}

Displays as:

Huang, Y.; Lu, J.; Shen, Y. & Lu, J. (March 1999). "[The protective effects of total flavonoids from Lycium Barbarum L. on lipid peroxidation of liver mitochondria and red blood cell in rats]".Wei Sheng Yan Jiu(in Chinese).28(2): 115–116.PMID11938998.

Example using other identifiers

• {{cite journal|last=Merimovich|first=C.|date=2007|title=A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere|journal=Journal of Symbolic Logic|volume=72|issue=2|pages=361–417|doi=10.2178/jsl/1185803615|mr=2320282}}

Displays as:

• Merimovich, C. (2007). "A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere".Journal of Symbolic Logic.72(2): 361–417.doi:10.2178/jsl/1185803615.MR2320282.

Parameters

Syntax

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

• parent
• OR:parent2—may be used instead ofparent
  • child—may be used withparent(and is ignored ifparentis not used)
  • OR:child2—may be used instead ofchild(and is ignored ifparent2is not used)

Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).

COinS

This template embedsCOinSmetadata in the HTML output, allowingreference management softwareto retrieve bibliographic metadata.SeeWikipedia:COinS.As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

• use|date=27 September 2007not|date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example ,–,or ,should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters

Note: This table of metadata is displayed in the documentation of all Citation Style 1 templates. Not all of these parameters are supported by every CS1 template. Some of these parameters are mutually exclusive, some are aliases of another parameter, and some require other parameters to be present. A full list of this template's supported parameters, their aliases, and their dependencies is shown in theUsagesection near the top of this documentation page.

• |periodical=,|journal=,|newspaper=,|magazine=,|work=,|website=,|encyclopedia=,|encyclopaedia=,|dictionary=
• |chapter=,|script-chapter=,|contribution=,|script-contribution=,|entry=,|script-entry=,|article=,|script-article=,|section=,|script-section=
• |title=,|script-title=,|book-title=
• |publication-place=,|place=,|location=
• |date=,|year=,|publication-date=
• |series=,|version=
• |volume=,|issue=,|number=
• |page=,|pages=,|at=,|quote-page=,|quote-pages=
• |edition=
• |publisher=,|institution=
• |url=,|chapter-url=,|contribution-url=,|section-url=
• |author-last=,|author-last#=,|author#-last=,|author-surname=,|author-surname#=,|author#-surname=,|last=,|last#=,|surname=,|surname#=,|author=,|author#=,|subject=,|subject#=,|host=,|host#=
• |author-first=,|author-first#=,|author#-first=,|author-given=,|author-given#=,|author#-given=,|first=,|first#=,|given=,|given#=
• |degree=
• |arxiv=,|bibcode=,|biorxiv=,|citeseerx=,|doi=,|eissn=,|eprint=,|hdl=,|isbn=,|issn=,|jfm=,|jstor=,|lccn=,|message-id=,|mr=,|oclc=,|osti=,|pmc=,|pmid=,|rfc=,|ssrn=,|s2cid=,|zbl=

What's new

What's new or changed recently

Parameter	Description	Date
N/A

Deprecated

Deprecated CS1/CS2 parameters

Deprecated parameter	Replace with	Date
none deprecated at present

Recently removed CS1/CS2 parameters

Removed parameter	Replace with	Date	Note
|authors=	|lastn=/|firstn=,|authorn=,|vauthors=	August 2024

Description

Authors

• last:Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—useauthor-linkinstead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, uselastor one of its aliases (e.g.|author=Bono). Aliases:surname,author,last1,surname1,author1.
  • author:this parameter is used to hold the name of an organizational author (e.g. a committee) or the complete name (first and last) of a single person; for the latter, prefer the use of|first=and|last=.This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author. Supportsaccept-this-as-written markup.Do not use italics in this field, as doing so produces corrupt metadata.
  • first:Given or first names of author; for example:Firstname MiddlenameorFirstname M.orFirstname M. Sr.Do not wikilink—useauthor-linkinstead. Aliases:given,first1,given1.Requireslast;first name will not display iflastis empty. Use generational and regnal suffixes only in accordance withMOS:JRSRand use honorifics only in accordance withMOS:HON.
  • OR: for multiple authors, uselast1,first1throughlastn,firstn,wherenis any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (eachfirstnrequires a correspondinglastn,but not the other way around).See thedisplayparameters to change how many authors are displayed.Aliases:surname1,given1throughsurnamen,givenn,orauthor1throughauthorn.For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use|first1=...|last1=...|author2=....
  • author-link:Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:author-link1,author1-link,authorlink.
  • OR: for multiple authors, useauthor-link1throughauthor-linkn.Aliases:author1-linkthroughauthorn-link.
  • name-list-style:accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set toamp,ampersand,or&,inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set toand,inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set tovancdisplays name lists inVancouver stylewhen the lists use thelast/firstforms of name parameters.
• vauthors:comma-separated list of author names inVancouver style;enclose corporate or institutional author names indoubled parentheses.End with etal if appropriate:

  |vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal

  • author-linkandauthor-maskmay be used for the individual names in|vauthors=as described above
• authors:deprecatedFree-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias oflast.
• translator-last:Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—usetranslator-linkinstead. Aliases:translator-surname,translator1,translator1-last,translator-last1.Supportsaccept-this-as-written markup.
  • translator-first:Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—usetranslator-linkinstead. Aliases:translator-given,translator1-first,translator-first1.
  • OR: for multiple translators, usetranslator-last1,translator-first1throughtranslator-lastn,translator-firstn,wherenis any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (eachtranslator-firstnrequires a correspondingtranslator-lastn,but not the other way around). Aliases:translator1-last,translator1-firstthroughtranslatorn-last,translatorn-first,ortranslator1throughtranslatorn.
  • translator-link:Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:translator-link1,translator1-link.
  • OR: for multiple translators, usetranslator-link1throughtranslator-linkn.Aliases:translator1-linkthroughtranslatorn-link.
• collaboration:Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requiresauthor,last,orvauthorslisting one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
• others:To record other contributors to the work, including illustrators. For the parameter value, writeIllustrated by John Smith.

• Note: When usingshortened footnotesorparenthetical referencingstyles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.

Date

"Wikipedia:Undated" redirects here. For undated signatures, seeTemplate:Undated.

• date:Date of referenced source. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations.Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after the website and publisher.For acceptable date formats, seeHelp:Citation Style 1 § Dates.

Shortened footnotestarget full citations using the year specified in this parameter. A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate{{sfn}}links to multiple works by the same author in the same year,^[more]unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case,yearorrefis required to disambiguate the link targets.

For approximate year, precede with "c.",like this:|date=c. 1900.

For no date, or "undated", use|date=n.d.

The date of a Web page, PDF, etc. with no visible date can sometimes be established by searching the page source or document code for acreatedorupdateddate; a comment for editors such asdate=2021-12-25<!--date from page source-->|orig-date=Original date 2011-01-01can be added.

Automatic date formatting:Citation Style 1and2templates, including this template, automatically render dates in all date parameters (such as|date=,|publication-date=,|access-date=,|archive-date=,etc.) except for|orig-date=in the style specified by the article's{{use dmy dates}}or{{use mdy dates}}template. See those templates' documentation for details.

• year:Year of publication. The more flexible|date=parameter also handles a year by itself. Do not use in combination with the|date=parameter, unlessbothof the following conditions are met:
  1. Shortened footnotestarget multiple citations with same last name and year of publication. (This situation necessitates aCITEREFdisambiguator,usually a lowercase letter suffixed to the year.)
  2. The|date=format is YYYY-MM-DD. (This format prevents the addition of a disambiguating letter to the year.)
• orig-date:Original publication date or year; displays in square brackets after thedate(oryear). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example:|orig-date=First published 1859or|orig-date=Composed 1904.As|orig-date=does not support automatic date formatting, use the same date format as defined by|df=(or, if it exists in the article, by|cs1-dates=of a{{use dmy dates}}or{{use mdy dates}}template), or as used in the|date=parameter. Alias:orig-year
• df:date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates; overrides the automatic date formatting described above. Accepts one value which may be one of these:

  dmy– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;

  mdy– as above for month day, year format

  ymd– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

  dmy-all– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;

  mdy-all– as above for month day, year format

  ymd-all– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

Editors

• editor-last:surname of editor. Do not wikilink—useeditor-linkinstead. Where the surname is usually written first—as in Chinese—or for corporate authors, simply useeditor-lastto include the same format as the source. Aliases:editor-last1,editor1-last,editor-surname,editor-surname1,editor1-surname,editor,editor1.
  • editor:This parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single editor (first and last), or the name of an editorial committee. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one editor. Supportsaccept-this-as-written markup.
  • editor-first:given or first names of editor, including title(s); example:Firstname MiddlenameorFirstname M.orDr. Firstname M., Sr.Do not wikilink—useeditor-linkinstead. Aliases:editor-first1,editor1-first,editor-given,editor-given1,editor1-given.
  • OR: for multiple editors, useeditor-last1,editor-first1througheditor-lastn,editor-firstn(Aliases:editorn-last,editor-surnamenoreditorn-surname;editorn-first,editor-givennoreditorn-given;editorn). For an individual editor plus an institutional editor, you can use|editor-first1=...|editor-last1=...|editor2=....
  • editor-link:title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor—not the editor's website; do not wikilink. Aliases:editor-link1.
  • OR: for multiple editors, useeditor-link1througheditor-linkn(aliaseditorn-link).
  • name-list-style:accepts a limited list of keywords as value; when set toamp,ampersand,or&,inserts an ampersand between the last two names in a name list; when set toand,inserts the conjunction 'and' between the last two names of a name list; when set tovancdisplays name lists inVancouver stylewhen the lists use thelast/firstforms of name parameters.
• veditors:comma separated list of editor names inVancouver style;enclose corporate or institutional names indoubled parentheses.End with etal if appropriate:

  |veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.)), etal

  • editor-linknandeditor-masknmay be used for the individual names in|veditors=,as described above
• Display:

  Usedisplay-editorsto control the length of the displayed editor name list and to specify when "et al." is included.

  If authors: Authors are first, followed by the included work, then "In" and the editors, then the main work.

  If no authors: Editors appear before the included work; a single editor is followed by "ed."; multiple editors are followed by "eds."

Title

(See alsoHelp:Citation Style 1 § Titles and chapters.)

• title:Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article orurlmay be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotation marks. For titles containing quotation marks, convert regular quotation marks (") to single quotation marks ('). SeeMOS:QINQfor guidance in more complex situations. Ifscript-titleis defined, usetitleto hold aRomanization(if available) of the title inscript-title.
  • script-title:Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined intitle(if present). Must be prefixed with one of thesupported language codesto help browsers properly display the script:

    ... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja: Đông kinh タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower...

  • trans-title:English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets aftertitle.Use of thelanguageparameter is recommended.

Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.

newline	[	]	|
space	[	]	{{!}}(preferred)
	{{bracket|text}}		| or{{pipe}}–see alsoHelp:Table § Rendering the pipe

• title-link:Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named intitle– do not use a web address; do not wikilink.

Some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when|url=and|title-link=are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for|title-link=to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmcor|title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).

• type:Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. The reserved keywordnonecan be used to disable the display of a type. Examples:Thesis,Booklet,Accepted manuscript,CD liner,Press release.Alias:medium.

• language:The language (or a comma-separated list of the languages) in which the source is written, as either theISO 639language code (preferred) or the full language name. Examples:|language=ru;|lang=fr, pt-br;|lang=Russian;|language=French, Portuguese.See the list of supported codes and names.Do not use templates or wikilinks. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. When the only source language is English, no language is displayed in the citation. The use of languages recognized by the citation module adds the page to the appropriate subcategory ofCategory:CS1 foreign language sources.Because cs1|2 templates are often copied from en.wiki to other wikis, the use of language codes is preferred so that language names render in the correct language and form, e.g.espagnolat a French-language wiki instead of the English word "Spanish". Aliases:lang

URL

• url:URL of an online location where the text of the publication named bytitlecan be found. Cannot be used iftitleis wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g.#ixzz2rBr3aO94or?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=....For linking to pages in PDF files or in Google Books, seeWP:PAGELINKS.Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such asAmazon;use|isbn=or|oclc=to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
  • access-date:Full date when the content pointed to byurlwas last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requiresurl;use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations.Not required for linked documents that do not change.For example,access-dateis required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; seeWP:CITEWEB.Access dates are not required for links to published research papers or published books. Note thataccess-dateis the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. See"Automatic date formatting"above for details about interaction with{{use dmy dates}}and{{use mdy dates}}.Can behidden or styledby registered editors. Alias:accessdate.
  • archive-url:The URL of anarchivedsnapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such asInternet Archive(seeWikipedia:Using the Wayback Machine)andarchive.today(seeHelp:Using archive.today);requiresarchive-dateandurl.By default (overridden by|url-status=live) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias:archiveurl.
    • archive-date:Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates.Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. See"Automatic date formatting"above for details about interaction with{{use dmy dates}}and{{use mdy dates}}.Alias:archivedate.
    • url-status:A control parameter to select one of|url=or|archive-url=to link|title=;requiresurlandarchive-url.Use{{dead link}}to mark dead|url=when there is no|archive-url=.

      Accepts multiple keywords:

      • dead– (default condition when|url-status=omitted or empty) selects|archive-url=
      • live– selects|url=;used when|url=is preemptively archived with|archive-url=
      • deviated– selects|archive-url=;used when|url=is still 'live' but no-longer supports the text in a Wikipedia article
      • unfit– selects|archive-url=;used when|url=links to vice (gambling, pornography), advertising, or other unsuitablepage;links to|url=are suppressed in the rendering. If an entire domain is unsuitable, consider insteadusurpationorblacklist.Bot help is available atWP:URLREQ
      • usurped– selects|archive-url=;used when thedomainin|url=no longer serves its original intent, particularly when the domain has been (mis)appropriated by other entities, such as vice, reseller and advertising sites; links to|url=are suppressed in the rendering. Bot help is available atWP:URLREQ
      • bot: unknown– Editors may encounter this value which is left behind by a bot that has visited the reference and wasn't able to determine the status of the url. The page will be automatically placed inCategory:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknownwhen this value is present, and per the instructions in that category, editors manually evaluate the state of the URL and change the parameter value appropriately.

    • archive-format:File format of the work referred to byarchive-url;for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses after the archive link. HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change theexternal link icon(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not includealt text;thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)SeeUsing |format=
  • url-access:SeeAccess indicators for url-holding parameters
• format:File format of the work referred to byurl;for example: DOC or XLS; displayed in parentheses aftertitle.(For media format, usetype.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. PDF is auto-detected and should not be specified. Does not change theexternal link icon(except for PDF). Note: External link icons do not includealt text;thus, they do not add file format information for the visually impaired. (This is not a concern with PDF, because the auto-detection will add "(PDF)" as descriptive text.)SeeUsing |format=

URLs must begin with a supportedURI scheme.http://andhttps://will be supported by all browsers; however,ftp://,gopher://,irc://,ircs://,mailto:andnews:may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided.IPv6host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs incitation template parameterscontain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to bepercent-encoded.For example, a space must be replaced by%20.To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

Character	space	"	'	<	>	[	]	{	|	}
Encoding	%20	%22	%27	%3C	%3E	%5B	%5D	%7B	%7C	%7D

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

Periodical

• work(required by{{cite journal}}and{{cite magazine}}): Name of the work containing the source; may be wikilinked if relevant. Displays initalics.If the name of the periodical changed over time use the name at the time of the source's publication. Ifscript-workis defined, useworkto hold aRomanization(if available) of the title inscript-work.Aliases:journal,newspaper,magazine,periodical,website.UseLatin script.For languages written in non-Latin based scripts (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Indic, Japanese, Korean, etc.) use a standardRomanizationin this field.
  • script-work:Work title in its original, non-Latin script; not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined inwork(if present). Must be prefixed with one of thesupported language codesto help browsers properly display the script. Leave empty for Latin-based scripts (Czech, French, Turkish, Vietnamese, etc.). Aliases:script-journal,script-newspaper,script-magazine,script-periodical,script-website.
  • trans-work:English translation of the work title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets afterworkorscript-work.Aliases:trans-journal,trans-newspaper,trans-magazine,trans-periodical,trans-website.

    ... |work=Zhōngguó piàofáng |script-work=zh: Trung quốc phiếu phòng |trans-work=China Box Office...

  • issue:When the publication is one of a series that is published periodically. Alias:number.When the issue has a special title of its own, this may be given, in italics, along with the issue number, e.g.|issue=2, ''Modern Canadian Literature''.Please choose either|issue=or|number=depending on what is used in the actual publication. If a publication carries both issueandnumber designations (typically one being a year-relative and the other an absolute value), provide them both, for example|issue=2 #143.Displayed in parentheses followingvolume.
  • article-number:For journals that provide article numbers for the articles in a journal issue; rendered between volume/issue and page(s).
  • department:Title of a regular department,column,or section within the periodical or journal. Examples include "Communication", "Editorial", "Letter to the Editor", and "Review". Displays aftertitleand is in plain text.

When set,workchanges the formatting of other parameters in the same citation:

titleis not italicized and is enclosed in quotes.

chapterdoes not display (and will produce an error message).

Edition, series, volume

• edition:When the publication has more than one edition; for example: "2nd", "Revised", and so forth. Appends the string "ed." after the field, so|edition=2ndproduces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.

• seriesorversion:When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal, where the issue numbering has restarted.

• volume:For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after thetitleandseriesfields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37). Volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase Roman numerals, or fewer than five characters will appear in bold. Any alphanumeric value of five or more characters will not appear in bold. In rare cases, publications carry both an ongoing volume and a year-related value; if so, provide them both, for example |volume=IV / #10.

Publisher

• publisher:Name of publisher; may be wikilinkedif relevant. Thepublisheris thecompany,organizationor other legal entity that publishes the work being cited. For self-published works (i.e., where the publisher is the same as the author or creator) state|publisher=self-published.Donotuse thepublisherparameter for the name of awork(e.g. a website, book, encyclopedia, newspaper, magazine, journal, etc.). If the name of the publisher changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. Corporate designations such as "Ltd", "Inc.", or "GmbH" are not usually included. Not normally used for periodicals. Omit where the publisher's name is substantially the same as the name of the work (for example, The New York Times Co. publishesThe New York Timesnewspaper, so there is no reason to name the publisher). Displays aftertitle.
• place:For news stories with adateline,the location where the story was written. If the name of the location changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. In earlier versions of the template this was the publication place, and for compatibility, will be treated as the publication place if the publication-place parameter is absent; see that parameter for further information. Alias:location
• publication-place:Geographical place of publication; generally not wikilinked; omit when the name of the work includes the publication place, for example,The Boston Globe,The Times of India.Displays after the title. If the name of the publication place changed over time, use the name as stated in the publication or used at the time of the source's publication. If only one ofpublication-place,place,orlocationis defined, it will be treated as the publication place and will show after the title; ifpublication-placeandplaceorlocationare defined, thenplaceorlocationis shown before the title prefixed with "written at" andpublication-placeis shown after the title.
• publication-date:Date of publication when different from the date the work was written. Ifdate(oryear) is also defined and is different, thenpublication-datedisplays preceded by "published" and enclosed in parentheses, followingpublisher.Ifdate(oryear) is not defined,publication-dateis displayed asdate.Use the same format as other dates in the article; do not wikilink.
• via:Name of the content deliverer (ifdifferentfrompublisher).viais not a replacement forpublisher,but provides additional detail. It may be used when the content deliverer (e.g.NewsBank) presents the source in a format different from the original, when the URL provided does not make clear the identity of the deliverer, where no URL or DOI is available (EBSCO), or if the deliverer requests attribution.See theaccess levelparameters to display access restrictions.

In-source locations

• page:The number of a single page in the source that supports the content. Use either|page=or|pages=,but not both. Displays preceded by colon (:). If hyphenated, use{{hyphen}}to indicate this is intentional (e.g.|page=3{{hyphen}}12), otherwise several editors and semi-automated tools will assume this was a misuse of the parameter to indicate a page range and will convert|page=3-12to|pages=3{{ndash}}12.Alias:p.
• OR:pages:A range of pages in the source that supports the content or the range of pages of the article as a whole, or both (using the following notation:article-page-range[content-supporting-pages], for example: pp. 4–10 [5, 7]). Use either|page=or|pages=,but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by colon (:).
  Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, usedouble parenthesesto tell the template to display the value of|pages=without processing it, and use{{hyphen}}to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended:|pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)).Alternatively, use|at=,like this:|at=pp. 3-1–3-15.Alias:pp.
• OR:at:For sources where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient. Overridden by|page=or|pages=.Use only one of|page=,|pages=,or|at=.
  Examples: page (p.) or pages (pp.); section (sec.), column (col.), paragraph (para.); track; hours, minutes and seconds; act, scene, canto, book, part, folio, stanza, back cover, liner notes, indicia, colophon, dust jacket, verse.
• For|quote-page=and|quote-pages=used in conjunction with|quote=,seehere.

Identifiers

Not to be confused with§ Anchor.

• id:Aunique identifier,used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use anexternal link templateas applicable. For example,|id=NCJ 122967will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as|id={{NCJ|122967}}to appendNCJ122967instead.

The following identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g.|rfc=822or|pmc=345678.

• arxiv:arXividentifier;for example:|arxiv=hep-th/9205027(before April 2007) or|arxiv=0706.0001(April 2007 – December 2014) or|arxiv=1501.00001(since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html". Aliases:eprint.
• asin:Amazon Standard Identification Number;if first character ofasinvalue is a digit, useisbn.Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example|asin=B00005N5PF.Aliases:ASIN.
  • asin-tld:ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values:ae,au,br,ca,cn,de,es,fr,in,it,jp,mx,nl,pl,sa,se,sg,tr,uk.Aliases: none.
• bibcode:bibcode;used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example:1974AJ.....79..819H.Aliases: none.
• biorxiv:bioRxivid, as in the entire DOI (e.g.10.1101/078733forhttp://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733orhttps://doi.org/10.1101/078733;10.1101/2020.07.24.220400forhttps://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.220400). Aliases: none.
• citeseerx:CiteSeerXid, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g.10.1.1.176.341forhttps://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341). Aliases: none.
• doi:Digital object identifier;for example:10.1038/news070508-7.It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.). Aliases:DOI.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicatevalidDOIs using a non-standard format, seebelow.
  • doi-broken-date:Date a valid DOI was found to be non-working/inactive athttps://doi.org.Use the same format as other dates in the article. Aliases: none.
• eissn:International Standard Serial Numberfor the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using ahyphen,but not anen dashor a space; example|eissn=1557-2986.Aliases:EISSN.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicatevalideISSNs using a non-standard format, seebelow.
• hdl:Handle Systemidentifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example|hdl=20.1000/100.Aliases:HDL.
• isbn:International Standard Book Number;for example:978-0-8126-9593-9.(SeeWikipedia:ISBNandISBN § Overview.)Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, usesbn.Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN withoutanyadditional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Aliases:ISBN.
  • Use the{{Format ISBN}}template within the parameter – in the form|isbn={{Format ISBN|9780812695939}}– if you are unsure of how any particular ISBN should be hyphenated, as the pattern varies by country and publisher.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicatevalidISBNs using a non-standard format, seebelow.
• ismn:International Standard Music Number;for example:979-0-9016791-7-7.Hyphensor spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN withoutanyadditional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Aliases:ISMN.
• issn:International Standard Serial Number;eight characters may be split into two groups of four using ahyphen,but not anen dashor a space; example|issn=2049-3630.Aliases:ISSN.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicatevalidISSNs using a non-standard format, seebelow.
• jfm:Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik;do not include "JFM" in the value; example|jfm=53.0144.01.Aliases:JFM.
• jstor:JSTORreference number; for example:|jstor=3793107.Aliases:JSTOR.
• lccn:Library of Congress Control Number.When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case and without a space; example|lccn=79-57364or|lccn=2004042477or|lccn=e09001178.Aliases:LCCN.
• mr:Mathematical Reviews;example|mr=630583.Aliases:MR.
• oclc:OCLC Numberfor looking up publications in theWorldCatunion catalog;example|oclc=9355469.Aliases:OCLC.
• ol:Open Libraryidentifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example|ol=7030731M.Aliases:OL.
• osti:Office of Scientific and Technical Information;example|osti=4367507.Aliases:OSTI.
• pmc:PubMed Central;use article number foropen repositoryfull-text of a journal article, e.g.|pmc=345678.Do not include "PMC" in the value.See also thepmidparameter, below; these are two different identifiers.Aliases:PMC.
  • pmc-embargo-date:Date thatpmcgoes live; if this date is in the future, thenpmcis not linked until that date. Aliases: none.
• pmid:PubMed;use unique identifier; example|pmid=17322060See also thepmcparameter, above; these are two different identifiers.Aliases:PMID.
• rfc:Request for Comments;example|rfc=3143.Aliases:RFC.
• sbn:Standard Book Number;example|sbn=356-02201-3.Aliases:SBN.
  • Supports accept-this-as-written markup to indicatevalidSBNs using a non-standard format, seebelow.
• ssrn:Social Science Research Network;example|ssrn=1900856.Aliases:SSRN.
• s2cid:Semantic Scholarcorpus ID; example|s2cid=37220927.Aliases:S2CID.
• zbl:Zentralblatt MATH;example|zbl=0472.53010For zbMATH search results likeJFM 35.0387.02use|jfm=35.0387.02.Aliases:ZBL.

In very rare cases, identifiers are published which do not follow their defined standard format or use non-conforming checksums. These would typically cause an error message to be shown. Do not alter them to match a different checksum. In order to suppress the error message, some identifiers (|doi=,|eissn=,|isbn=,|issn=,and|sbn=) support a specialaccept-this-as-written markupwhich can be applied to disable the error-checking (as|<param>=((<value>))). If the problem is down to a mere typographical error in a third-party source, correct the identifier value instead of overriding the error message.

For some identifiers, it is possible to specify theaccess statususing the corresponding|<param>-access=parameter.

For{{cite journal}},some identifiers (specifying free resources) will automatically be linked to the title when|url=and|title-link=are not used to specify a different link target. This behaviour can be overridden by one out of a number of special keywords for|title-link=to manually select a specific source (|title-link=pmcor|title-link=doi) for auto-linking or to disable the feature (|title-link=none).

It is not necessary to specify a URL to a linkidenticalto a link also produced by an identifier. The|url=parameter (or|title-link=) can then be used for providing a direct deep link to the corresponding document or aconvenience linkto a resource that would not otherwise be obviously accessible.

Subscription or registration required

Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented inVerifiability § Access to sources.As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors should signal restrictions on access to material provided via the external links included in a citation. These levels describe requirements or constraints related to accessing and viewing the cited material; they are not intended to indicate the ability to reuse, or the copyright status, of the material, since that status is not relevant toverifying claims in articles.

Four access levels can be used:

• access indicator for named identifiers:
  • free:the source is free to read for anyone
• access indicators for url-holding parameters:
  • registration:a free registration with the provider is required to access the source, even if a limited preview, abstract or review may still be available without registration
  • limited:free access is subject to limited trial and a subscription is normally required
  • subscription:the source is only accessible via a paid subscription with the provider of the source ( "paywall")

As there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, each value is attributed to a specific external link.

Access indicators for url-holding parameters

Main page:WP:CONLINK

Online sources linked by|url=,|article-url=,|chapter-url=,|contribution-url=,|entry-url=,|map-url=,and|section-url=are presumed to be free-to-read. When they are not free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. Because the sources linked by these URL-holding parameters are presumed to be free-to-read, they are not marked asfree.If the registration/limited/subscription access to the source goes dead and is no longer available, then remove the access-indicator parameter and add|archive-url=and|archive-date=values if possible.

URL-holding and access-indicator parameters

URL	Access	Allowed keywords
|url=	|url-access=	registration limited subscription
|article-url=	|article-url-access=
|chapter-url=	|chapter-url-access=
|contribution-url=	|contribution-url-access=
|entry-url=	|entry-url-access=
|map-url=	|map-url-access=
|section-url=	|section-url-access=

For example, this cites a web page that requires registration but not subscription:

{{cite web|url=https://example.com/nifty_data.php|url-access=registration|date=2021-04-15|title=Nifty example data}}

which renders as:

"Nifty example data".2021-04-15.

Access indicator for named identifiers

Links inserted by named identifiers are presumed to lie behind a paywall or registration barrier – exceptions listed below. When they are free-to-read, editors should mark those sources with the matching access-indicator parameter so that an appropriate icon is included in the rendered citation. When the sources linked by these named-identifier parameters are not presumed to carry a free-to-read full text (for instance because they're just abstracting services), they may not be marked aslimited,registration,orsubscription.

Named-identifier and access-indicator parameters

Identifier	Access	Allowed keywords
|bibcode=	|bibcode-access=	free
|doi=	|doi-access=
|hdl=	|hdl-access=
|jstor=	|jstor-access=
|ol=	|ol-access=
|osti=	|osti-access=
|ssrn=	|ssrn-access=
|s2cid=	|s2cid-access=

Some named-identifiers are always free-to-read. For those named identifiers there are no access-indicator parameters; the access level is automatically indicated by the template. These named identifiers are:

• |arxiv=
• |biorxiv=
• |citeseerx=
• |medrxiv=
• |pmc=
• |rfc=

For embargoedpmcthat will become available in the future, seepmc-embargo-date.

Tracking of free DOIs

• The template is able to recognize known free-to-readDOI registrants,based on a list inModule:Citation/CS1/Configuration.Once a free registrant is identified, the10.xxxx/...part of the DOI associated with the registrant can be added to the list underlocal function build_free_doi_registrants_table().If|doi-access=freeis not set, it will place the page inCategory:CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI,which is routinely cleared byUser:Citation bot.
• The template is also able to recognize known free-to-read journals, assuming they have a clear10.xxxx/yyyy....DOI pattern. Once that pattern is identified, it can be added toModule:Citation/CS1/Configurationunderlocal extended_registrants_t = {with the format['XXXX'] = {'YYYY'},.If there are multiple journals with the same DOI prefix, they can be grouped together with the format['XXXX'] = {'YYYY', 'ZZZZ', '...'},.
• If you add a free registrant/free journal to the lists inModule:Citation/CS1/Configuration,leave a note atUser talk:Citation botso the bot knows about it.

Quote

• quote:Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation. Ifscript-quoteis defined, usequoteto hold aRomanization(if available) of the text inscript-quote.
  • script-quote:Original quotation for languages that do not use a Latin-based script (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, etc.); not italicized, follows italicized Romanization defined inquote(if available). Alias: none. Must be prefixed with one of thesupported language codesto help browsers properly display the script:

    ... |quote=Tōkyō tawā |script-quote=ja: Đông kinh タワー |trans-quote=Tokyo Tower...

  • trans-quote:English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets. Alias: none.
• quote-page:The number of a single page quoted in|quote=.Use either|quote-page=or|quote-pages=,but not both. Should be a subset of the page(s) specified in|page=,|pages=or|at=.Displays preceded byp.unless|no-pp=yes.If hyphenated, use{{hyphen}}to indicate this is intentional (e.g.|quote-page=3{{hyphen}}12). Alias: none.
• OR:quote-pages:A list or range of pages quoted in|quote=.Use either|quote-page=or|quote-pages=,but not both. Should be a subset of the pages specified in|pages=or|at=.Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,). Displays preceded bypp.unless|no-pp=yesis defined. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate because individual page numbers contain hyphens, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, usedouble parenthesesto tell the template to display the value of|quote-pages=without processing it, and use{{hyphen}}to indicate to editors that a hyphen is really intended:|quote-pages=((3{{hyphen}}1{{ndash}}3{{hyphen}}15)).Alias: none.

Anchor

Not to be confused with§ Identifiers.

• ref:the citation's HTML anchor identifier, when different from its default. When set,|ref=IDgenerates an anchor with the givenID(theid=attribute in the citation's<cite id= "ID">HTML tag). Setting|ref=IDidentifies the template as a target and allowswikilinking to full references,especially useful with short-form citations likeshortened notesandparenthetical referencing.The default anchor ID is suitable for use with{{sfn}}and{{harv}}templates. Since April 2020, the parameter / keyword pair|ref=harvhas no special meaning; this deprecated setting shouldnotbe used and may be removed from existing cs1|2 templates. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set|ref=none.Aliases: none.SeeTemplate:Citation/doc § Anchors for Harvard referencing templates.

Display options

• mode:Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For|mode=cs1,element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For|mode=cs2,element separator is a comma (,); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). These styles correspond to Citation Style 1 and Citation Style 2 respectively. To override default terminal punctuation usepostscript.
• author-mask:
• contributor-mask:
• editor-mask:
• interviewer-mask:
• subject-mask:
• translator-mask:

  Replaces the name of the (first) author withem dashesor text. Set<name>-maskto a numeric valuento set the dashnem spaces wide; set<name>-maskto a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". The numeric value 0 is a special case to be used in conjunction with<name>-link—in this case, the value of<name>-linkwill be used as (linked) text. In either case, you must still include the values for all names for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such asshortened footnotes.Do not use in a list generated by{{reflist}},<references />or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. Mask parameters can take an enumerator in the name of the parameter (e.g.|authorn-mask=) to apply the mask to a specificname.

• display-authors:
• display-contributors:
• display-editors:
• display-interviewers:
• display-subjects:
• display-translators:

  Controls the number of author (or other kind of contributor) names that are displayed. By default, all authors are displayed. To change the displayed number of names, set the parameter to the desired number. For example,|display-authors=2will display only the first two authors in a citation (and not affect the display of the other kinds of contributors).|display-authors=0is a special case suppressing the display of all authors including the et al.|display-authors=etaldisplays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: none.

• postscript:Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify|postscript=none– leaving|postscript=empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text, or templates that render more than a single terminating punctuation character, will generate a maintenance message.|postscript=is ignored ifquoteis defined.

Notes

Although it may appear redundant to include multiple ids for articles, it is helpful for many editors who only have access to a certain resource. If only one ID is to be included, the DOI should be used, as this is the universal standard preferred by professional publications. Specifying a link as a DOI, PMID, etc. is always preferable to including it as a URL parameter, as it makes it clear that the link is accurate and stable, but not necessarily openly accessible.|access-date=is not necessary when a permanent identifier is used.

TemplateData

This is theTemplateDatafor this template used byTemplateWizard,VisualEditorand other tools.See a monthly parameter usage reportforTemplate:Cite journalin articles based on its TemplateData.

TemplateData for Cite journal

Template:Cite journaluses standard parameter set; TemplateData has errors:

• |docket=is not a valid parameter

This template formats a citation to an article in a magazine or journal, using the provided source information (e.g. journal name, author, title, issue, URL) and various formatting options.

Template parameters[Edit template data]

This template has custom formatting.

Parameter		Description	Type	Status
Last name	lastauthorauthor1last1	The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	Line	suggested
First name	firstfirst1	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	Line	suggested
Author link	author-linkauthor-link1author1-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors	Page name	optional
Last name 2	last2author2	The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'	Line	optional
First name 2	first2	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 2	author-link2author2-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author	Page name	optional
Last name 3	last3author3	The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'	Line	optional
First name 3	first3	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 3	author-link3author3-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author	Page name	optional
Last name 4	last4author4	The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'	Line	optional
First name 4	first4	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 4	author-link4author4-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author	Page name	optional
Last name 5	last5author5	The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'	Line	optional
First name 5	first5	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 5	author-link5author5-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author	Page name	optional
Last name 6	last6author6	The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'	Line	optional
First name 6	first6	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 6	author-link6author6-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author	Page name	optional
Last name 7	last7author7	The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'	Line	optional
First name 7	first7	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 7	author-link7author7-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author	Page name	optional
Last name 8	last8author8	The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'	Line	optional
First name 8	first8	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 8	author-link8author8-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author	Page name	optional
Last name 9	last9author9	The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'.	Line	optional
First name 9	first9	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 9	author-link9author9-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author	Page name	optional
Last name 10	last10author10	The surname of the tenth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link10'.	Line	optional
First name 10	first10	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the tenth author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 10	author-link10author10-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the tenth author	Page name	optional
Last name 11	last11author11	The surname of the 11th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link11'.	Line	optional
First name 11	first11	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 11th author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 11	author-link11author11-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 11th author	Page name	optional
Last name 12	last12author12	The surname of the 12th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link12'.	Line	optional
First name 12	first12	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 12th author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 12	author-link12author12-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 12th author	Page name	optional
Last name 13	last13author13	The surname of the 13th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link13'.	Line	optional
First name 13	first13	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 13th author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 13	author-link13author13-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 13th author	Page name	optional
Last name 14	last14author14	The surname of the 14th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link14'.	Line	optional
First name 14	first14	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 14th author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 14	author-link14author14-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 14th author	Page name	optional
Last name 15	last15author15	The surname of the 15th author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link15'.	Line	optional
First name 15	first15	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the 15th author; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Author link 15	author-link15author15-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the 15th author	Page name	optional
Display authors	display-authors	number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;	Number	optional
Author mask	author-mask	Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead	String	optional
Name list style	name-list-style	Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two on the name list to '&' or 'and', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.	String	optional
Vancouver style authors	vauthors	comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses	Line	optional
Source date	date	Date of the source; do not wikilink. As listed in the publication	Date	suggested
Year of publication	year	Year of the source being referenced; recommended only when date parameter format is YYYY-MM-DD and a CITEREF disambiguator is needed	Number	optional
Original date	orig-date	Original date of publication; provide specifics	String	optional
Editor last name	editor-lasteditor1-last	The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-last', 'editor'	Line	optional
Editor first name	editor-firsteditor1-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'	Line	optional
Editor link	editor-link	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-link'	Page name	optional
Editor last name 2	editor2-lasteditor2	The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 2	editor2-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 2	editor2-linkeditor-link2	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor	Page name	optional
Editor last name 3	editor3-lasteditor3	The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 3	editor3-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 3	editor3-linkeditor-link3	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor	Page name	optional
Editor last name 4	editor4-lasteditor4	The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 4	editor4-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 4	editor4-linkeditor-link4	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor	Page name	optional
Editor last name 5	editor5-lasteditor5	The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 5	editor5-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 5	editor5-linkeditor-link5	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor	Page name	optional
Editor last name 6	editor6-lasteditor6	The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 6	editor6-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 6	editor6-linkeditor-link6	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor	Page name	optional
Editor last name 7	editor7-lasteditor7	The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 7	editor7-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 7	editor7-linkeditor-link7	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor	Page name	optional
Editor last name 8	editor8-lasteditor8	The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 8	editor8-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 8	editor8-linkeditor-link8	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor	Page name	optional
Editor last name 9	editor9-lasteditor9	The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'	Line	optional
Editor first name 9	editor9-first	Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink	Line	optional
Editor link 9	editor9-linkeditor-link9	Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor	Page name	optional
Others	others	Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'	Content	optional
Title	title	The title of the article; can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in quotes.	Content	required
Script title	script-title	For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...	Line	optional
Translated title	trans-title	An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended	Content	optional
URL	urlURL	The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type "http://..." or maybe even the protocol-relative scheme "//..." Example https://www.nytimes.com/...	URL	suggested
URL status	url-status	If set to 'live', the title displays with the URL linked; if set to 'dead', the title displays with the archive URL linked	Line	optional
Format	format	Format of the work referred to by 'url' ('url' is required when using 'format'); examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML	Content	optional
Department	department	Department (section) within the periodical	String	optional
Journal	journal	Name of the source journal; may be wikilinked; displays in italics; alias of 'work' Example [[American Journal of Sociology]]	Content	required
Chapter	chapter	The chapter heading of the source	String	optional
Type	type	Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case	Content	optional
Series	seriesversion	Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal; alias of 'version'	Content	optional
Language	language	The language in which the source is written, if not English; use a two-letter language code or the full language name. Do not use icons or templates	Content	optional
Edition	edition	When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'	Line	optional
Location of publication	location	Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'	String	optional
Publisher	publisher	Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked; displays after title Example [[University of Chicago Press]]	Content	optional
Place of publication	publication-place	Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'	Content	optional
Publication date	publication-date	Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink	Date	optional
Volume	volume	For one publication published in several volumes, usually a number. Do not prepend with v. or vol. Example 3	Line	suggested
Issue	issue	Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically, usually a number. Do not prepend with no. Example 4	Line	suggested
Page	page	Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'	Line	optional
Pages	pages	Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.')	Line	suggested
At	at	May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient	Line	optional
No pp	no-pp	Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')	Line	optional
arXiv identifier	arxiv	An identifier for arXiv electronic preprints of scientific papers	Line	optional
ASIN	asin	Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters	Line	optional
ASIN TLD	asin-tld	ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US	Line	optional
Bibcode	bibcode	Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters	Line	optional
biorXiv	biorxiv	biorXiv identifier; full doi	Line	optional
CiteSeerX	citeseerx	CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter	Line	optional
DOI	doi	Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'	String	optional
DOI broken date	doi-broken-date	The date that the DOI was determined to be broken	Date	optional
ISBN	isbn	International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible	Line	optional
ISSN	issn	International Standard Serial Number (print); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen	Line	optional
eISSN	eissn	International Standard Serial Number (online); 8 characters; usually split into two groups of four using a hyphen	Line	optional
jfm code	jfm	Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code	Line	optional
JSTOR	jstor	JSTOR identifier	Line	optional
LCCN	lccn	Library of Congress Control Number	Line	optional
MR	mr	Mathematical Reviews identifier	Line	optional
OCLC	oclc	Online Computer Library Center number	Number	optional
OL	ol	Open Library identifier	Line	optional
OSTI	osti	Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier	Line	optional
PMC	pmc	PubMed Center article number	Number	optional
PMID	pmid	PubMed Unique Identifier	Line	optional
RFC	rfc	Request for Comments number	Number	optional
Semantic Scholar Corpus ID	s2cidS2CID	The corpus ID from the paper's Semantic Scholar page, if available. Displays as a link to the Semantic Scholar page. Example 255254796	Unknown	optional
SSRN	ssrn	Social Science Research Network	Line	optional
Zbl	zbl	Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier	Line	optional
id	id	A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable	Line	optional
Docket	docket	Docket number	Line	optional
URL access level	url-access	Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')	String	optional
Archive URL	archive-url	The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'	URL	optional
Archive date	archive-date	Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink	Date	optional
URL access date	access-date	The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink	Date	optional
Quote	quote	Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation	Content	optional
Translated quote	trans-quote	English translation of the quotation if the source quoted is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets.	String	optional
Postscript	postscript	The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none' Default .	Line	optional
Ref	ref	An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references. To inhibit anchor ID creation, set |ref=none.	Line	optional
Content deliverer (i.e. Database)	via	Provider of the article (not the publisher), usually an aggregator of journal articles or a repository Example JSTOR, Project MUSE, Elsevier Science Direct	String	suggested
Bibcode access level	bibcode-access	If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'	String	optional
DOI access level	doi-access	If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'	String	optional
HDL access level	hdl-access	If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'	String	optional
JSTOR access level	jstor-access	If the full text is free to read on JSTOR, type 'free'	String	optional
OpenLibrary access level	ol-access	If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'	String	optional
OSTI access level	osti-access	If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'	String	optional

See also

• Citation-template-filling tool,can be used forDrugBank,HGNC,ISBN,PubMed,andPubChem
• Wikipedia DOI and Google Books Citation Makercan be used forDOI

This template producesCOinSmetadata; seeCOinS in Wikipediafor background information.

The abovedocumentationistranscludedfromTemplate:Cite journal/doc.(edit|history)
Editors can experiment in this template'ssandbox(edit|diff)andtestcases(edit)pages.
Add categories to the/docsubpage.Subpages of this template.