The Book of Negroes(novel)

The Book of Negroesis a 2007 novel from Canadian writerLawrence Hill.In the United States, Australia and New Zealand, the novel was published under the titleSomeone Knows My Name.

The Book of Negroes

Cover of the Canadian edition ofThe Book of Negroes
Author	Lawrence Hill
Language	English
Genre	Historical novel
Publisher	HarperCollins
Publication date	January 18, 2007
Publication place	Canada
Media type	Print (hardback)
Pages	511
ISBN	978-0-00-225507-3
OCLC	70507153

Title

See also:Negro

The author has written about the title:

"I usedThe Book of Negroesas the title for my novel, in Canada, because it derives froma historical document of the same namekept by British naval officers at the tail end of theAmerican Revolutionary War.It documents the 3,000 blacks who had served the King in the war and were fleeingManhattanfor Canada in 1783. Unless you were inThe Book of Negroes,you couldn't escape to Canada. My character, an African woman named Aminata Diallo whose story is based on this history, has to get into the book before she gets out. In my country, few people have complained to me about the title, and nobody continues to do so after I explain its historical origins. I think it's partly because the word 'Negro' resonates differently in Canada. If you use it inTorontoorMontreal,you are probably just indicating publicly that you are out of touch with how people speak these days. But if you use it inBrooklynorBoston,you are speaking in a deeply offensive manner if you were to use such words. When I began touring with the novel in some of the major US cities, literary African-Americans kept approaching me and telling me it was a good thing indeed that the title had changed, because they would never have touched the book with its Canadian title. "

In June 2011, Hill received an email from a man in theNetherlandswho said he and others planned to burn the book because they objected to the title (translated asHet negerboekinDutch). On 22 June 2011, they burned copies of the book’s cover inAmsterdamin front of the National Slavery Monument (Dutch:Slavernijmonument).

Synopsis

Aminata Diallo, the daughter of a jeweller and a midwife, is kidnapped at the age of 11 from her village Bayo, Nigerin West Africa and forced to walk for three months to the sea in acoffle,a line of prisoners chained together, with hundreds of strangers and a handful of people from her village. Even before she is placed on the ship, she vows that one day, she will return. A boy her age, Chekura, has been forced to assist the slave traders, but is later sent abroad just like the rest. He becomes Aminata's unlikely friend. After several horrific monthsof voyage across theAtlantic Ocean,including aslave revolt,she arrives inSouth Carolinawhere she begins a new life as a slave. Her name is anglicized to Meena Dee. She is taken under the wing of a fellow slave named Georgia, who helps her learnEnglish.Seeing her intelligence and potential, a fellow Muslim slave named Mamed secretly teaches her to read and write.

As a teenager Aminata manages to reunite with Chekura, and they sneak off to meet once a month. The plantation owner, Appleby, learns of the meetings and punishes Aminata by brutallyraping her.Despite her owner's jealousy, the two slaves marry and conceive a baby boy, whom she named Mamadu. Appleby arranges for Aminata and her child to be sold to separately and so her son Mamadu is stolen from her. Aminata is handed over to aJewish mannamed Solomon Lindo who moves her toCharles Town,unaware of where her child may be.

Aminata grows close to Lindo and his wife, who allow her to read and write openly. However Solomon also requires her to pay him a part of any money that she earns through midwifery. After a few years, asmallpoxoutbreak kills Lindo's wife and son. Shortly after, Aminata is once again reunited with Chekura, who has found out that Lindo helped arrange the selling of their son Mamadu who he has been told died. This ruins the relationship Aminata has had with Lindo. Attempting to win her over, Lindo takes Aminata to New York. During the rioting at the outbreak of theAmerican Revolutionary War,Aminata is able to escape from Lindo. During this time Aminata works as a midwife and teacher, helping other black people to learn how to read. Proving that she served the British during the war, her name is entered in the "Book of Negroes",a real document created to list the freedAfrican Americanslaves who requested permission to leave the newly createdUnited States of America.Because of her ability to read and write as well as her fluency in two African languages, Aminata is also hired to help record names in the book. While doing this work she is reunited for a few months with Chekura, who also served the British; they plan to resettle inNova Scotiatogether and she becomes pregnant with their second child. However, just as they are boarding the ship, the two are separated and Aminata is arrested, as Appleby has put out a warrant for her as a run-away slave. The matter is resolved when Lindo appears in court, explaining the situation and simultaneously setting Aminata free. Aminata, once again trying to find her husband, finds another ship to Nova Scotia.

Aminata arrives inShelburneand begins to work in the black community ofBirchtown,where she meets Jason, a young fellow whom she listed in the "Book of Negroes", and Daddy Moses (the "Preacher" ). Soon after arriving, she gives birth to a second child, her daughter May. Aminata finds work for white people in town, but after a few years relations between the black community and white community break down. The white couple leave Nova Scotia and take May while Aminita is in Birchtown. She tries to locate her husband many times and learns that the ship carrying him to Nova Scotia had swept away to Bermuda and sank, and her husband Chekura is presumed dead. A young British naval officer named CaptainJohn Clarksoncomes to the black Birchtown communities, promising a better land reserved for them inSierra Leone.Aminata helps Clarkson to gather people from the community, and eventually they all leave for a better future.

On her way to Africa, Aminata observes ships carrying thousands of slaves bound for America. In Sierra Leone, the black communities attempt to establishFreetowndespite the strict rules of the British. History is repeating itself - despite Clarkson's efforts, Freetown is not the safe haven it was meant to be. It is located just a few miles from a slave trading centre, the very same one from which Aminata was sent for America. Clarkson offers to take her to London, where a group ofabolitionistsneed a spokesperson against slavery. However, longing to return to her village in the interior of Africa, Aminata negotiates with a slave trader to take her there. It takes many years before he agrees. It is a difficult journey, especially since Aminata is no longer young. She is slowing the group down, and overhears the traders talking about how they will sell her back into slavery to get rid of her. After escaping to a nearby village and telling them her story, Aminata finally realizes what is more important than returning to her home village of Bayo is helping to free other enslaved people. She takes Clarkson up on his offer. As an old woman, she finds herself taking a voyage one more time to England to present the account of her life, so it may help abolish the slave trade. She publishes her life story, speaks at schools and churches, and even meets the King and Queen. She is eventually reunited with her daughter May, and May cares for Aminata until her dying day.

Awards and recognition

The Book of Negroeswon the 2007Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prizeand the 2008Commonwealth Writers' Prize.It was the winning selection for CBC Radio'sCanada Reads2009, in which journalistAvi Lewischampioned the novel. Its French translation, titledAminata,was championed byThomas Hellmanin the 2013 edition ofLe Combat des livres,and won that competition as well, becoming the only title to date to have won both the English and French editions of the competition.

Miniseries adaptation

Main article:The Book of Negroes (miniseries)

In 2007, Canadian production companyConquering Lion Picturesannounced it had acquired the film rights to the novel. In mid-2013 it was announced that the novel would be adapted into aminiseries of the same name,rather than the feature film originally planned.

Clement Virgoand Hill collaborated on writing the miniseries, with Virgo also directing. It premiered onCBC Televisionin Canada in January 2015 and aired onBETin the United States in February 2015.

The mini-series starsAunjanue Ellisas Aminata,Lyriq Bentas Chekura,Cuba Gooding Jr,Louis Gossett Jr.,Ben Chaplin,Allan Hawco,andJane Alexander.

The international co-production began shooting in February 2014 inCape Town,South Africa. Filming also took place in various locations around Nova Scotia.

See also

• Rough Crossings(subtitle: Britain, the Slaves and the American Revolution), a history book and television series bySimon Schama
• Lawrence Hill:"Dear Sir, I Intend to Burn Your Book". An Anatomy of aBook Burning.Henry KreiselMemorial Lecture Series.University of Alberta Press,2011

External links

• CBCThe HourInterview,June 10, 2009.
• Quill & QuireLawrence Hill Profile.