The Open Championship

"British Open" and "The Open" redirect here. For other uses, seeBritish Open (disambiguation)andThe Open (disambiguation).

The Open Championship,often referred to asThe Openor theBritish Open,is the oldestgolftournamentin the world, and one of the most prestigious. Founded in 1860, it was originally held annually atPrestwick Golf ClubinScotland.Later the venue rotated between a select group of coastallinksgolf courses in theUnited Kingdom.It is organised byThe R&A.

The Open Championship

Tournament information
Established	1860
Course(s)	courses
Organised by	The R&A
Tour(s)	European Tour PGA Tour Japan Golf Tour
Format	Stroke play
Prize fund	US$17,000,000
Month played	July
Tournament record score
Aggregate	264Henrik Stenson(2016)
To par	−20Henrik Stenson(2016) −20Cameron Smith(2022)
Current champion
Xander Schauffele
2024 Open Championship

The Open is one of the fourmen's major golf championships,the others being theMasters Tournament,thePGA Championshipand theU.S. Open.Since the PGA Championship moved to May in 2019, the Open has been chronologically the fourth and final major tournament of the year. It is held in mid-July.

It is called The Open because it is in theory "open" to all, i.e. professional and amateur golfers. In practice, the current event is a professional tournament in which a small number of the world's leading amateurs also play, by invitation or qualification. The success of the tournament has led to many otheropen golf tournamentsto be introduced around the world.

The winner is named "the Champion Golfer of the Year", a title that dates to the first Open in 1860, and receives theClaret Jug,a trophy first awarded in 1872.The reigning champion is AmericanXander Schauffele,who won the2024 OpenatRoyal Troon Golf Clubwith a score of 275.

History

Early tournament years (1860–1870)

Willie Park Sr.,the first "Champion Golfer of the Year", wearing theChallenge Belt,the winner's prize at The Open until 1870

Thefirst Open Championshipwas played on 17 October 1860 atPrestwick Golf ClubinAyrshire,Scotland,over three rounds of the twelve-holelinkscourse.In the mid-19th century golf was played mainly by well-off gentlemen, as hand-crafted clubs and balls were expensive. Professionals made a living from playing for bets, caddying, ball and club making, and instruction.Allan Robertsonwas the most famous of these pros, and was regarded as the undisputed best golfer between 1843 and his death in 1859.James Ogilvie FairlieofPrestwick Golf Clubdecided to form a competition in 1860, "to be played for by professional golfers",and to decide who would succeed Robertson as the "Champion Golfer".Blackheath(England),Perth,Bruntsfield(Edinburgh),MusselburghandSt Andrewsgolf clubs were invited to send up to three of their best players known as a "respectable caddie" to represent each of the clubs.The winner received the Challenge Belt, made from red leather with a silver buckle and worth £25, which came about thanks to being donated by theEarl of Eglinton,a man with a keen interest in medieval pageantry (belts were the type of trophy that might have been competed for in archery or jousting).

The first rule of the new golf competition was "The party winning the belt shall always leave the belt with the treasurer of the club until he produces a guarantee to the satisfaction of the above committee that the belt shall be safely kept and laid on the table at the next meeting to compete for it until it becomes the property of the winner by being won three times in succession".Eight golfers contested the event, withWillie Park, Sr.winning the championship by 2 shots fromOld Tom Morris,and he was declared "The Champion Golfer of the Year".

A year later, it became "open" to amateurs as well as professionals. Ten professionals and eight amateurs contested the event, with Old Tom Morris winning the championship by 4 shots from Willie Park, Sr.A prize fund (£10) was introduced in 1863 split between 2nd, 3rd and 4th (the winner only received the Challenge Belt). From 1864 onwards a cash prize was also paid to the winner.Before this the only financial incentive was scheduling Prestwick's own domestic tournament the same week, this allowed professionals to earn a few days' work caddying for the wealthier gentlemen.Willie Park, Sr. went on to win two more tournaments, and Old Tom Morris three more, beforeYoung Tom Morriswon three consecutive titles between 1868 and 1870. The rules stated that he was allowed to keep the belt for achieving this feat. Because no trophy was available, the tournament was not held in 1871.

The introduction of course rotation and the Claret Jug (1872–1889)

On 11 September 1872 agreement was reached between Prestwick, theHonourable Company of Edinburgh GolfersandThe Royal and Ancient Golf Club.They decided that each of the three clubs would contribute £10 towards the cost of a new silver trophy, which became known as theClaret Jug,known officially as The Golf Champion Trophy, and hosting of the Open would be rotated between the three clubs. These decisions were taken too late for the trophy to be presented to the1872 Openchampion, who was once again Young Tom Morris. Instead, he was awarded with a medal inscribed 'The Golf Champion Trophy', although he is the first to be engraved on the Claret Jug as the 1872 winner. Medals have been given to, and kept by the winner ever since.Young Tom Morrisdied in 1875, aged 24.

The tournament continued to be dominated and won by Scottish professionals, to be rotated between the three Scottish golf courses, and played over 36 holes in a single day until 1889.

Harry Vardon,the record holding six-time winner of the Open, with five-time winnerJames Braid

English hosts and winners, and the Great Triumvirate (1890–1914)

In the 1890s, the tournament was won four times by three Englishman (two of whom were amateurs).In 1892 the tournament was played for the first time at the newly builtMuirfield,which replacedMusselburghas the host venue used by the Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers.A few years laterSt George'sandRoyal Liverpoolin England were added to the rotation. From 1892 the tournament was increased in duration to four 18-hole rounds over two days(Prestwick had been extended to an 18-hole course by then).

Between 1898 and 1925 the tournament either had a cut after 36 holes, or a qualifying event,and the largest field was 226 in 1911.The large field meant sometimes the tournament was spread across up to four days.In 1907Arnaud MassyfromFrancebecame the first non-British winner.Royal Cinque Portsin England became the 6th different Open host course in 1909.

The pre-war period is most famous for theGreat TriumvirateofHarry Vardon(Jersey),John Henry Taylor(England), andJames Braid(Scotland). The trio combined to win The Open Championship 16 times in the 21 tournaments held between 1894 and 1914; Vardon won six times (a record that still stands today) with Braid and Taylor winning five apiece. In the five tournaments in this span the Triumvirate did not win, one or more of them finished runner-up. These rivalries enormously increased the public's interest in golf, but theFirst World Warmeant another Open was not held until 1920, and none of the trio won another Open.

Walter Hagenplaying at the1922 Open ChampionshipatSt George's,where he became the first American-born winner

American success with Walter Hagen and Bobby Jones, and the last Open at Prestwick (1920–1939)

In 1920 the Open returned, and The Royal and Ancient Golf Club became the sole organiser of the Open Championship. In 1926 they standardised the format of the tournament to spread over three days (18 holes on day 1 and 2, and 36 on day 3), and include both qualifying and a cut.

In 1921 eleven U.S.-based players travelled to Scotland financed by a popular subscription called the "British Open Championship Fund", after a campaign by the American magazineGolf Illustrated.Five of these players were actually British born, and had emigrated to America to take advantage of the high demand for club professionals as the popularity of golf grew.A match was played between the Americans and a team of British professionals, which is seen as a forerunner of theRyder Cup.When the Open was held two weeks later, one of these visitors,Jock Hutchison,a naturalised American citizen, won inSt Andrews,the town of his birth.

In 1922Walter Hagenwon the first of his four Opens, and become the first American-born winner. The period between 1923 and 1933 saw an American-based player win every year (two were British-born), and included three wins by amateurBobby Jones,and one byGene Sarazen,who had already won top tournaments in the United States. English players won every year between 1934 and 1939, including two wins byHenry Cotton(he would go on to win a third in 1948).

After overcrowding issues at the 1925 Open at Prestwick, it was decided it was no longer suitable for the growing size of the event, being too short, having too many blind shots, and it could not cope with the volume of spectators.The Open's original venue was replaced on the rota withCarnoustie,which hosted for the first time in 1931.Troonhosted for the first time in 1923,andRoyal Lytham & St Anneswas also added, hosting for the first time in 1926.Prince'shosted its one and only Open in 1932.

Ben Hogangets a ticker-tape parade on his return toNew York City,after winning the1953 Open Championship.

Bobby Locke, Peter Thomson, and Ben Hogan's Triple Crown (1946–1958)

The Open returned after theSecond World Warto St Andrews, with a victory for AmericanSam Snead.Bobby Lockebecame the first South African winner, winning three times in four years between 1949 and 1952, and later winning a fourth title in 1957. Having already won theMastersand theU.S. Openearlier in the year, Ben Hogan won in his one and only Open appearance in 1953 to win the "Triple Crown".His achievement was so well regarded he returned toNew York Cityto a ticker-tape parade.Peter Thomsonbecame the first Australian winner, winning four times in five years between 1954 and 1958, and later winning a fifth title in 1965.After flooding preventedRoyal Cinque Portsfrom hosting, both in 1938 and 1949, it was removed from the rota.The Open was played outside of England and Scotland for the first time in 1951 atRoyal Portrush,Northern Ireland.

The period saw fewer American entrants, as thePGA Tourhad grown to be quite lucrative, and thePGA Championshipwas often played at the same or similar time paying triple the prize money.A larger golf ball was also used in America, which meant they had to adjust for the Open.

Player, Palmer, Nicklaus – The Big Three (1959–1974)

In 1959,Gary Player,a youngSouth African,won the first of his three Opens. Only four Americans had entered, but in 1960Arnold Palmertravelled to Scotland after winning theMastersandU.S. Open,in an attempt to emulateHogan's1953 feat of winning all three tournaments in a single year. Although he finished second toKel Nagle,he returned and won the Open in 1961 and 1962. Palmer was hugely popular in America, and his victories are likely to have been the first time many Americans would have seen the Open on television. This, along with the growth of trans-Atlantic jet travel, inspired many more Americans to travel in the future.

The period is primarily defined by the competition between Player, Palmer, andJack Nicklaus.Nicklaus won three times (1966, 1970, 1978) and had a record seven runner-ups. AmericanLee Trevinoalso made his mark winning his two Opens back to back in 1971 and 1972, the latter denying Nicklaus a calendar year Grand Slam.The only British champion in this period wasTony Jacklin,and it is also notable for having the first winner fromArgentina,Roberto De Vicenzo.

Watson, Ballesteros, Faldo, and Norman (1975–1993)

By 1975, the concept of the modern majors had been firmly established, and thePGA Championshiphad been moved to August since 1969,so no longer clashed with the Open. This meant the Open had a feel similar to the current tournament, with the leaders after 36 holes going off last (1957 onwards),all players having to use the "bigger ball" (1974 onwards),play spread over four days (1966 onwards, although the days were Wednesday to Saturday until 1980),and a field containing all the world's best players.

AmericanTom Watsonwon in 1975.Turnberryhosted for the first time in 1977, and Watson won the Open for the second time, after one of the most celebrated contests in golf history, when his duel withJack Nicklauswent to the final shot before Watson emerged as the champion. He would go on to win again in 1980, 1982 and 1983, to win 5 times overall,a record only bettered byHarry Vardon,and he became regarded as one of the greatest links golf players of all time.

In 1976, 19-year-oldSpaniardSeve Ballesterosgained attention in the golfing world when he finished second.He would go on to win three Opens (1979, 1984, 1988), and was the firstcontinental Europeanto win sinceArnaud Massyin 1907. Other multiple winners in this period were EnglishmanNick Faldowith three (1987, 1990, 1992), and AustralianGreg Normanwith two (1986, 1993).

Tiger Woodswon the Open twice at St Andrews.

Tiger Woods and the modern era (1994 onwards)

Every year between 1994 and 2004 had a first-time winner.In 1999, the Open at Carnoustie was famously difficult, and FrenchmanJean van de Veldehad a three-shot lead teeing off on the final hole. He ended up triple bogeying after finding theBarry Burn,and ScotmanPaul Lawrie,ranked 241st in the world, ended up winning in a playoff. He was 10 strokes behind the leader going into the final round, a record for all majors.He was not the only unheralded champion during this span, as 396th-rankedBen Curtisand 56th-rankedTodd Hamiltonwon in 2003 and 2004, respectively.

In 2000,Tiger Woods,having just won the U.S. Open, became champion by a post-war record 8 strokesto become the youngest player to win thecareer Grand Slamat age 24.After winning the 2002 Masters and U.S. Open, he became the latest American to try to emulateBen Hoganand win the Open in the same year. His bid came to a halt on Saturday with the worst round of his career up to that time, an 81 (+10) in cold, gusty rain.He went on to win again back-to-back in 2005 and 2006 to bring his total to three wins. Other multiple winners in this era are South AfricanErnie Els(2002, 2012) and IrishmanPádraig Harrington(2007, 2008).

Bus service taking attendees to the 2012 Open at Royal Lytham in Lancashire

In 2009, 59-year-oldTom Watsonled the tournament through 71 holes and needed just a par on the last hole to become the oldest ever winner of a major championship, and also matchHarry Vardon's six Opens. Watson bogeyed, setting up a four-hole playoff, which he lost toStewart Cink.In 2015,Jordan Spiethbecame another American to arrive having already won the year's Masters and U.S. Open tournaments. He finished tied for fourth asZach Johnsonbecame champion.Spieth would go on to win the 2017 Open atRoyal Birkdale.

AmericanPhil Mickelsonwon his first Open, and fifth major, in 2013.In 2016, he was involved in an epic duel with Sweden'sHenrik Stenson,which many people compared to the 1977Duel in the Sunbetween Jack Nicklaus and Tom Watson. Stenson emerged the winner, and the firstScandinavianwinner of a male professional major championship, with a record Open (and major) score of 264 (−20), three shots ahead of Mickelson, and 14 shots ahead of third place.Jack Nicklausshared his thoughts on the final round, saying: "Phil Mickelson played one of the best rounds I have ever seen played in the Open and Henrik Stenson just played better—he played one of the greatest rounds I have ever seen".

Francesco Molinariwon the 2018 Open atCarnoustieby two shots, to become the first Italian major winner.Shane Lowrywon the2019 Openwhen the tournament returned toRoyal Portrush Golf Club,to become the second champion from theRepublic of Ireland.

In 2020, the Open Championship was cancelled because of theCOVID-19 pandemic.It was the first time the championship had been cancelled since World War II. The R&A also confirmed thatRoyal St George's,which would have hosted the championship in 2020, would be the host venue in 2021, effectively retaining theOld Course at St Andrewsas the venue for the 150th Open.

Traditions

The Open is played in a coastal location, such as Royal Portrush (pictured).

Links golf course

The Open is always played on a coastallinks golfcourse. Links golf is often described as the "purest" form of golf and keeps a connection with the way the game originated in Scotland in the 15th century. The terrain is open, often without any trees, and will generally be undulating with a sandy base. The golf courses are often primarily shaped by nature, rather than 'built'. Weather, particularly wind, plays an important role, and although there will be a prevailing onshore breeze, changes in the wind direction and strength over the course of the tournament can mean each round of golf has to be played slightly differently. The courses are also famous for deep pot bunkers, and gorse bushes that make up the "rough". A golfer playing on a links course will often adapt his game so the flight of the ball is lower and so is less impacted by the wind, but this will make distance control more difficult. Also due to the windy conditions the speed of the greens are often slower than a golfer might be used to on thePGA Tour,to avoid the ball being moved by a gust.

Old Course at St Andrews

The Swilken Bridge with St Andrews clubhouse in the background

TheOld Course at St Andrewsis regarded as the oldest golf course in the world, and winning the Open there is widely considered to be one of the pinnacles of achievement in golf.Given the special status of the Old Course, the Open is generally played there once every five years in the modern era, much more frequently than the other courses used for the Open.

Previous champions will often choose St Andrews as their final Open tournament. It has become traditional to come down the 18th fairway to huge applause from the amphitheatre crowds, and to pose for final pictures on theSwilken Bridgewith the picturesque clubhouse and town in the background.

Trophy presentation

Greg Normanholding the Claret Jug atRoyal St George'sin 1993

The Open trophy is theClaret Jug,which has been presented to the champion since 1873 (it was first awarded toYoung Tom Morrisin 1872, however the trophy was not ready in time—his name is the first to be engraved on it).The original trophy permanently resides on display in the R&A's Clubhouse at St Andrews. Therefore, the trophy that is presented at each Open is a replica which is retained by the winner for a year. It used to be the responsibility of the winner to get his name engraved on the trophy, but 1967 winnerRoberto De Vicenzoreturned the trophy without having done so.Subsequently, the winner's name is already engraved on it when presented, which often results in television commentators speculating as to when it is safe for the engraver to start.

"You know to have dreams, to have things that you think are unattainable, if you give up on them, what’s left? I am immensely proud my name is on that Claret Jug."

—2011 Open winnerDarren Clarkeon fulfilling a lifelong ambition.

The winner of the Open is announced as "The Champion Golfer of the Year", a title which has been used since the first Open in 1860.He will nearly always pose for photos with the trophy sitting on one of the distinctive pot bunkers.Three-time winnerJack Nicklaussaid holding the Claret Jug was like holding "a newborn baby", and on other players putting champagne or other drinks inside it to celebrate their Open win, he said "I never used the Claret Jug for anything other than what it symbolized – Champion Golfer of the Year."

Name

The first event was held as an invitational tournament, but the next yearPrestwick Golf Clubdeclared that "the belt... on all future occasions, shall be open to all the world".In its early years it was often referred to as The Championship but with the advent of theAmateur Championshipin 1885, it became more common to refer to it as The Open Championship or simply The Open. The tournament inspired other national bodies to introduceopen golf tournamentsof their own, such as theU.S. Open,and later many others.To distinguish it from their own national open, it became common in many countries to refer to the tournament as the "British Open".The R&A(the tournament's organiser) continued to refer to it as The Open Championship. During theinterwar years,a period with many U.S.-based winners, the term British Open would occasionally be used during the trophy presentation and in British newspapers.

In 2017, a representative ofthe R&Aopenly stated that it is a priority to "eradicate the term British Open" and have a single identity and brand of "The Open" in all countries.Tournament partners, such as thePGA Tour,now refer to it without "British" in the title,media rightsholders are contractually required to refer to the event as The Open Championship,and the official website has released a statement titled "Why it's called 'The Open' and not the 'British Open'" stating that "The Open is the correct name for the Championship. It is also the most appropriate".The R&A's stance has attracted criticism from some commentators.

The R&A also runThe Senior Open,the over 50s equivalent of the Open, which was officially known as the "Senior British Open" from its inception in 1987 until 2007, when "British" was dropped from the name.TheWomen's Open,seen by some as the women's equivalent to the Open (although unlike the Open it is not always held on alinkscourse, and was not run by the R&A until 2017) was officially known as the "Women's British Open" from its inception in 1976 until 2020, when the word "British" was dropped from the name as part of a sponsorship deal withAIG.

Status

The Open is recognised as one of the fourmajor championshipsin golf, and is an official event on thePGA Tour,European Tour,and theJapan Golf Tour.

The Open began in 1860, and for many years it was not the most-followed event in golf, as challenge matches between top golfers were more keenly followed and drew larger crowds.TheGreat Triumviratedominated the Open between 1894 and 1914 and were primarily responsible for the formation of thePGAin 1901 which had a big impact in promoting interest in professional golf (and therefore The Open) and increasing playing standards.Between the World Wars, the first wins by Americans were widely celebrated when they broke the dominance previously held by British players.AfterWorld War II,although the profile of the tournament remained high in the UK andCommonwealthcountries, the low prize money compared to the US events and the cost of travel meant fewer Americans participated. High-profile visits and wins byBen HoganandArnold Palmer,the growth of cheaper and fastertransatlantic flights,and the introduction of television coverage recovered its prestige.

When the modern concept of themajorswas cemented, the Open was included as one of those four. Thus, the Open is now one of the fourmajorsin golf, along with theU.S. Open,PGA Championship,andMasters Tournament.The term "major" is a universally-acknowledged unofficial term used by players, the media, and golf followers to define the most important tournaments, and performance in them is often used to define the careers of the best golfers.There is often discussion amongst the golfing community as to whether the Open,U.S. Open,or theMasters Tournamentis the most prestigious major, but opinion varies (often linked to nationality). ThePGA Championshipis usually seen as the least prestigious of the four.

In terms of official recognition, the tournament has been an event on theEuropean Toursince its formation in 1972. In 1995, prize money won in the Open was included in thePGA Tourofficial money list for the first time, a change that caused an increase in the number of American entries.In addition all previous PGA Tour seasons have been retroactively adjusted to include the Open in official money and win statistics. Currently the Open, along with the other three majors andThe Players Championship,are the top-tier tournaments in the PGA Tour'sFedEx Cup,offering more points than any other non-playoff event. The Open is also an official event on theJapan Golf Tour.

Structure

See also:The Open Championship format and qualification

Qualifying

See also:Qualifying process

Qualifying was introduced in 1907, and for much of its history, all players had to go through the qualification process. In the modern era, the majority of players get an exemption from qualification which is awarded for previous performance in the Open, performance in high-profile global tournaments (such as othermajors), performance in topgolf tours,or a high position in theOfficial World Golf Ranking(OWGR). Five amateurs are also exempt from qualifying by winning various global amateur titles provided they maintain their amateur status prior to The Open.

Another way of qualifying is to finish in a high position in the Open Qualifying Series of global events, which are about twelve tour events across the globe, run by various local golfing organisations.

Any male professional golfer, male amateur golfer whose playing handicap does not exceed 0.4 (i.e. scratch) or has been withinWorld Amateur Golf Rankinglisting 1–2,000 during the current calendar year, and any female golfer who finished in the top 5 and ties in the latest edition of any of the fivewomen's majorsis eligible to enter local qualifying. If they perform well they will go on to Final Qualifying, which is four simultaneous 36-hole one-day events held across the UK, with 12 players qualifying for the Open.If there are any spots left, then alternates are made up from the highest ranked players in the OWGR who are not already qualified, which brings the total field up to 156 players.

In 2018, the OWGR gave the Open a strength of field rating of 902 (the maximum possible is 1000 if the top 200 players in the world were all in a tournament). This was only bettered by thePGA Championship,a tournament which actively targets a high strength of field rating.

Format

Field:156 players

Basic Format:72 holestroke play.Play 18 holes a day over four days, weather permitting.

Date of Tournament:starts on the day before the third Friday in July.

Tournament Days:Thursday to Sunday.

Tee off times:each player has one morning and one afternoon tee time in first two days in groups of three, which are mostly randomised (with some organiser discretion). Groupings of two on the last two days with last place going off first and leaders going out last.

Cut:after 36 holes, only top 70 and ties play the final 36 holes.

Playoff:if there is a tie for the lead after 72 holes, a three-hole aggregate playoff is held; followed by sudden death if the lead is still tied.

Prizes

Up until 2016, the purse was always stated, and paid, inpounds sterling(£), but was changed in 2017 toUS dollars($) in recognition of the fact that it is the most widely adopted currency for prize money in golf.

Champion's prizes and benefits

Henry Cottonholding theClaret Jugafter winning the1937 Open

Young Tom Morris(c. 1873) got to keep the original trophy, thechampionship belt,after winning three consecutive Opens (1868 to 1870).

The champion receives trophies, the winner's prize money, and several exemptions from worldgolf toursand tournaments. He is also likely to receive a winner's bonus from his sponsors.The prizes and privileges on offer for the champion included:

• The Golf Champion Trophy(commonly known as the Claret Jug). The winner keeps the trophy until the next Open, at which point it must be returned, and a replica is provided as a replacement.
• The winner's gold medal (originally awarded in 1872 when the Claret Jug was not yet ready, and since awarded to all champions).
• If the winner is a professional, then the winner's share (18%) of the purse.
• Guaranteed entry to all future Open Championships until the age of 55 (60 prior to 2024), and entry to the next ten Opens, even if over the age of 55.
• Entry to the next five editions of theMasters Tournament,PGA Championship,andU.S. Open.
• Five year membership to thePGA Tourand theEuropean Tour.
• Entry to the next edition of theWGC-HSBC Champions.
• Entry to the next five editions ofThe Players Championship,and the five invitational tournaments (Genesis Invitational,Fort Worth Invitational,theArnold Palmer Invitational,theRBC Heritage,and theMemorial Tournament) on the PGA Tour.
• Automatic invitations to three of the fivesenior majorsonce they turn 50; they receive a one-year invitation to theU.S. Senior Openand a lifetime invitation to theSenior PGA ChampionshipandSenior Open Championship.
• FedEx Cup,Race to Dubai,Ryder Cup/Presidents Cup,andOfficial World Golf Rankingpoints.

From 1860 to 1870, the winner received the challenge belt. When this was awarded toYoung Tom Morrispermanently for winning three consecutive tournaments, it was replaced by the gold medal (1872 onwards), and the Claret Jug (1873 onwards).

Other prizes and benefits, based upon finishing position

There are several benefits from being placed highly in the Open. These are:

• The runners up each receive a silver salver.
• If the player is a professional, then a share of the purse. There is a distribution curve for those who make the cut, with 1st place getting 18%, 2nd 10.4%, 3rd 6.7%, 4th 5.2%, and 5th 4.2%. The percentage continues to fall by placing with 21st getting 1% and 37th 0.5%. Professionals who miss the cut received between US$7,375 and US$4,950.
• The top 10 players, including ties, get entry to the next edition of The Open Championship.
• The top 4 players, including ties, get entry to the next edition of theMasters Tournament.
• FedEx Cup,Race to Dubai,Ryder Cup/Presidents Cup,andOfficial World Golf Rankingpoints.

Amateur medals

Since1949the leadingamateurcompleting the final round receives a silver medal. Since 1972, any other amateur who competes in the final round receives a bronze medal.Amateurs do not receive prize money.

Professional Golfers' Association (of Great Britain and Ireland) awards

TheProfessional Golfers' Association (of Great Britain and Ireland)also mark the achievements of their own members in The Open.

• Ryle Memorial Medal – awarded since 1901 to the winner if he is a PGA member.
• Braid Taylor Memorial Medal – awarded since 1966 to the highest finishing PGA member.
• Tooting Bec Cup– awarded since 1924 to the PGA member who records the lowest single round during the championship.

The Braid Taylor Memorial Medal and the Tooting Bec Cup are restricted to members born in, or with a parent or parents born in, theUnited KingdomorRepublic of Ireland.

Courses

See also:List of The Open Championship venues

The Open Championship has always been held on a coastallinksgolf course inScotland,EnglandorNorthern Ireland.The hosting pattern has been:

• 1860–1870:Prestwick Golf Clubis the sole host.
• 1872–1892: three-year rotation among Prestwick,St Andrews,andMusselburgh(replaced byMuirfieldin 1892) golf clubs.
• 1893–1907: five-year rotation among Prestwick,Royal St George's,St Andrews, Muirfield, andRoyal LiverpoolGolf Clubs.
• 1908–1939: six-year rotation, initially among Prestwick,Royal Cinque Ports,St Andrews, Royal St George's, Muirfield, and Royal Liverpool Golf Clubs, thus alternating between Scotland and England.A few changes were made to the rota of 6 courses afterWorld War I.
• 1946–1972: alternating between Scottish and English golf clubs continues, but without a fixed rota. Exceptions were St Andrews hosting pre- and post-World War II,and Northern Ireland hosting in 1951.
• Since 1973: usually three Scottish and two English courses hosting in a five-year period, mostly alternating between the two countries, with St Andrews hosting about every five years. Northern Ireland returned in 2019.

Overview

A total of 14 courses have hosted the Open, with ten currently active as part of the rotation, and four have been retired from the rotation (shown initalics). The year the golf course was originally built is shown in parentheses.

Prestwick Golf Club(1851):Prestwick is The Open's original venue, and hosted 24 Opens in all, including the first 12.Old Tom Morrisdesigned the original 12 hole course,but it was subsequently redesigned and expanded to be an 18-hole course in 1882.Serious overcrowding problems at Prestwick in 1925 meant that the course was never again used for the Open, and was replaced byCarnoustie Golf Linksas the third Scottish course.

Old Course at St Andrews(1552):considered the oldest golf course in the world, and referred to as "the home of golf".In 1764, the Society of St Andrews Golfers reduced the course from 22 to 18 holes and created what became the standard round of golf throughout the world.Famous features include the "Hell Bunker" (14th) and the Road Hole (17th).Due to its special status St Andrews usually hosts the Open every five years in the modern era.It is designed to be played in wind, so can result in low scores in benign conditions.

Musselburgh Links(c. 1672):a 9-hole course that hosted six Opens as it was used by theHonourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers,one of the organisers of The Open between 1872 and 1920. When the Honourable Company built their own course in 1891 (Muirfield), it took over hosting duties.Musselburgh was unhappy with this and organisedanother rival 'Open' competition prior to the Muirfield event, one with greater prize money.

Muirfield(1891):built by theHonourable Company of Edinburgh Golfersto replace Musselburgh on the rota. Known for the circular arrangement the course has, which means the wind direction on each hole changes, and can make it tricky to navigate.Briefly removed from the rota in 2016–17 due to not having any female members.

Royal St George's Golf Club(1887):often simply referred to as Sandwich. The first venue to host inEngland,and the only venue on the current rota inSouthern England.It went 32 years without hosting between 1949 and 1981, but returned following the rebuilding of three holes, tee changes to another two holes, and improved road links.Known for having the deepest bunker on the rota (4th hole).

Royal Liverpool Golf Club(1869):often simply referred to as Hoylake. Royal Liverpool went 39 years without hosting between 1967 and 2006,but returned following changes to tees, bunkers, and greens.In 2006, Tiger Woods won by using his driver just once.

Royal Cinque Ports Golf Club(1892):hosted the 1909 and 1920 Opens, and was scheduled to host in 1938 and 1949 but both had to be moved toRoyal St George's Golf Clubdue to abnormally high tides flooding the course. It was removed from the rota but is still used for qualifying.

Royal Troon Golf Club(1878):first used in 1923 instead of Muirfield when "some doubts exists as to the Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers being desirous of their course being used for the event".Redesigned, lengthened, and strengthened byJames Braidshortly before it held its first Open. Famous features include the "Postage Stamp" 8th hole, and the 601 yards 6th.

Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club(1886):a relatively short course, but has 167 bunkers which demand accuracy.Slightly inland as some coastal homes have been built since the course first opened.

Carnoustie Golf Links(1835):replaced Prestwick after it was no longer suitable for the Open.It went through modifications prior to the 1999 Open. Thought of as being the toughest of the Open venues, especially the last three holes, and is well remembered forJean van de Veldetriple bogeying on the 18th when he only needed a double bogey to win.

Turnberry Lighthouse at sunset surrounded by the golf course

Prince's Golf Club(1906):only hosted once in 1932. Has been redesigned in 1950 due to war damage.

Royal Portrush Golf Club(1888):the only venue to host the Open outside England and Scotland when it hosted in 1951. With theTroublesin Northern Ireland significantly diminished since the1998 Good Friday Agreement,and after the successful hosting of theIrish Openit returned as host in 2019. The course underwent significant changes before the 2019 Open, including replacing the 17th and 18th holes, which also provided the space for spectators and corporate hospitality that a modern major requires.

Royal Birkdale Golf Club(1894):extensively redesigned by Fred Hawtree andJH Taylorto create the current layout in 1922, it is known for its sand dunes towering the fairways. Often ranked as England's best Open venue.

Turnberry(1906):made its Open debut in 1977, whenTom WatsonandJack Nicklausfamously played theDuel in the Sun.Known to be one of the most picturesque Open venues, it was bought byDonald Trumpin 2014, who has spent substantial amounts renovating the course.On 11 January 2021, in the aftermath of the2021 United States Capitol attackthe week prior, the R&A announced that it will not stage a championship at Turnberry "in the foreseeable future".

Royal Lytham

Royal St George's

Royal Liverpool (Hoylake)

Royal Birkdale

Royal Troon

Royal Portrush

Muirfield

St Andrews

Carnoustie

  

Open Championship venues which are currently part of the rotation

Turnberry

Royal Cinque Ports

Musselburgh

Prince's

Prestwick

  

Former Open Championship venues which are no longer part of the rotation

Hosting record of each course

Course	No.	Years hosted
Prestwick	24	1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1872,1875,1878,1881,1884,1887,1890,1893,1898,1903,1908,1914,1925
St Andrews	30	1873,1876,1879,1882,1885,1888,1891,1895,1900,1905,1910,1921,1927,1933,1939,1946,1955,1957,1960,1964,1970,1978,1984,1990,1995,2000,2005,2010,2015,2022
Musselburgh	6	1874,1877,1880,1883,1886,1889
Muirfield	16	1892,1896,1901,1906,1912,1929,1935,1948,1959,1966,1972,1980,1987,1992,2002,2013
Royal Troon	10	1923,1950,1962,1973,1982,1989,1997,2004,2016,2024
Carnoustie	8	1931,1937,1953,1968,1975,1999,2007,2018
Turnberry	4	1977,1986,1994,2009
Scotland	98
Royal St George's	15	1894,1899,1904,1911,1922,1928,1934,1938,1949,1981,1985,1993,2003,2011,2021
Royal Liverpool	13	1897,1902,1907,1913,1924,1930,1936,1947,1956,1967,2006,2014,2023
Royal Cinque Ports	2	1909,1920
Royal Lytham & St Annes	11	1926,1952,1958,1963,1969,1974,1979,1988,1996,2001,2012
Prince's	1	1932
Royal Birkdale	10	1954,1961,1965,1971,1976,1983,1991,1998,2008,2017
England	52
Royal Portrush	2	1951,2019
Northern Ireland	2

References:

Future venues

Year	Edition	Course	Town	County	Country	Dates	Last hosted	Ref.
2025	153rd	Royal Portrush Golf Club	Portrush	Antrim	Northern Ireland	17–20 July	2019
2026	154th	Royal Birkdale Golf Club	Southport	Merseyside	England	16–19 July	2017

Records

• Oldest winner:Old Tom Morris(46 years, 102 days),1867.
• Youngest winner:Young Tom Morris(17 years, 156 days), 1868.
• Most victories: 6,Harry Vardon(1896, 1898, 1899, 1903, 1911, 1914).
• Most consecutive victories: 4, Young Tom Morris (1868, 1869, 1870, 1872 – there was no championship in 1871).
• Lowest score after 36 holes: 129,Louis Oosthuizen(64-65), 2021.
• Lowest score after 54 holes: 197,Shane Lowry(67-67-63), 2019.
• Lowest final score (72 holes): 264,Henrik Stenson(68-65-68-63), 2016.
• Lowest final score (72 holes) in relation to par: −20,Henrik Stenson(68-65-68-63=264), 2016;Cameron Smith(67-64-73-64=268), 2022.
• Greatest victory margin: 13 strokes, Old Tom Morris, 1862. This remained a record for all majors until 2000, when Woods won the U.S. Open by 15 strokes atPebble Beach.Old Tom's 13-stroke margin was achieved over 36 holes.
• Lowest round: 62,Branden Grace,3rd round, 2017; a record for all majors.
• Lowest round in relation to par: −9,Paul Broadhurst,3rd round, 1990;Rory McIlroy,1st round, 2010.
• Wire-to-wirewinners (after 72 holes with no ties after rounds):Ted Rayin 1912,Bobby Jonesin 1927,Gene Sarazenin 1932,Henry Cottonin 1934,Tom Weiskopfin 1973,Tiger Woodsin 2005, andRory McIlroyin 2014.
• Most runner-up finishes: 7,Jack Nicklaus(1964, 1967, 1968, 1972, 1976, 1977, 1979).

Winners

See also:List of The Open Championship champions

#	Year	Winner	Score	To par	Margin of victory	Runner(s)-up	Purse	Winner's share	Venue
152nd	2024	Xander Schauffele	275	−9	2 strokes	Billy Horschel Justin Rose	17,000,000	3,100,000	Royal Troon
151st	2023	Brian Harman	271	−13	6 strokes	Jason Day Tom Kim Jon Rahm Sepp Straka	16,500,000	3,000,000	Royal Liverpool
150th	2022	Cameron Smith	268	−20	1 stroke	Cameron Young	14,000,000	2,500,000	St Andrews
149th	2021	Collin Morikawa	265	−15	2 strokes	Jordan Spieth	11,500,000	2,070,000	Royal St George's
–	2020	Cancelled due to theCOVID-19 pandemic
148th	2019	Shane Lowry	269	−15	6 strokes	Tommy Fleetwood	10,750,000	1,935,000	Royal Portrush
147th	2018	Francesco Molinari	276	−8	2 strokes	Kevin Kisner Rory McIlroy Justin Rose Xander Schauffele	10,500,000	1,890,000	Carnoustie
146th	2017	Jordan Spieth	268	−12	3 strokes	Matt Kuchar	10,250,000	1,845,000	Royal Birkdale
145th	2016	Henrik Stenson	264	−20	3 strokes	Phil Mickelson	6,500,000	1,175,000	Royal Troon
144th	2015	Zach Johnson	273	−15	Playoff	Marc Leishman Louis Oosthuizen	6,300,000	1,150,000	St Andrews
143rd	2014	Rory McIlroy	271	−17	2 strokes	Rickie Fowler Sergio García	5,400,000	975,000	Royal Liverpool
142nd	2013	Phil Mickelson	281	−3	3 strokes	Henrik Stenson	5,250,000	945,000	Muirfield
141st	2012	Ernie Els(2)	273	−7	1 stroke	Adam Scott	5,000,000	900,000	Royal Lytham & St Annes
140th	2011	Darren Clarke	275	−5	3 strokes	Dustin Johnson Phil Mickelson	5,000,000	900,000	Royal St George's
139th	2010	Louis Oosthuizen	272	−16	7 strokes	Lee Westwood	4,800,000	850,000	St Andrews
138th	2009	Stewart Cink	278	−2	Playoff	Tom Watson	4,200,000	750,000	Turnberry
137th	2008	Pádraig Harrington(2)	283	+3	4 strokes	Ian Poulter	4,200,000	750,000	Royal Birkdale
136th	2007	Pádraig Harrington	277	−7	Playoff	Sergio García	4,200,000	750,000	Carnoustie
135th	2006	Tiger Woods(3)	270	−18	2 strokes	Chris DiMarco	4,000,000	720,000	Royal Liverpool
134th	2005	Tiger Woods(2)	274	−14	5 strokes	Colin Montgomerie	4,000,000	720,000	St Andrews
133rd	2004	Todd Hamilton	274	−10	Playoff	Ernie Els	4,000,000	720,000	Royal Troon
132nd	2003	Ben Curtis	283	−1	1 stroke	Thomas Bjørn Vijay Singh	3,900,000	700,000	Royal St George's
131st	2002	Ernie Els	278	−6	Playoff	Stuart Appleby Steve Elkington Thomas Levet	3,800,000	700,000	Muirfield
130th	2001	David Duval	274	−10	3 strokes	Niclas Fasth	3,300,000	600,000	Royal Lytham & St Annes
129th	2000	Tiger Woods	269	−19	8 strokes	Thomas Bjørn Ernie Els	2,750,000	500,000	St Andrews
128th	1999	Paul Lawrie	290	+6	Playoff	Justin Leonard Jean van de Velde	2,000,000	350,000	Carnoustie
127th	1998	Mark O'Meara	280	E	Playoff	Brian Watts	1,800,000	300,000	Royal Birkdale
126th	1997	Justin Leonard	272	−12	3 strokes	Darren Clarke Jesper Parnevik	1,600,000	250,000	Royal Troon
125th	1996	Tom Lehman	271	−13	2 strokes	Ernie Els Mark McCumber	1,400,000	200,000	Royal Lytham & St Annes
124th	1995	John Daly	282	−6	Playoff	Costantino Rocca	1,125,000	125,000	St Andrews
123rd	1994	Nick Price	268	−12	1 stroke	Jesper Parnevik	1,100,000	110,000	Turnberry
122nd	1993	Greg Norman(2)	267	−13	2 strokes	Nick Faldo	1,000,000	100,000	Royal St George's
121st	1992	Nick Faldo(3)	272	−12	1 stroke	John Cook	950,000	95,000	Muirfield
120th	1991	Ian Baker-Finch	272	−8	2 strokes	Mike Harwood	900,000	90,000	Royal Birkdale
119th	1990	Nick Faldo(2)	270	−18	5 strokes	Mark McNulty Payne Stewart	825,000	85,000	St Andrews
118th	1989	Mark Calcavecchia	275	−13	Playoff	Wayne Grady Greg Norman	750,000	80,000	Royal Troon
117th	1988	Seve Ballesteros(3)	273	−11	2 strokes	Nick Price	700,000	80,000	Royal Lytham & St Annes
116th	1987	Nick Faldo	279	−5	1 stroke	Paul Azinger Rodger Davis	650,000	75,000	Muirfield
115th	1986	Greg Norman	280	E	5 strokes	Gordon J. Brand	600,000	70,000	Turnberry
114th	1985	Sandy Lyle	282	+2	1 stroke	Payne Stewart	530,000	65,000	Royal St George's
113th	1984	Seve Ballesteros(2)	276	−12	2 strokes	Bernhard Langer Tom Watson	451,000	55,000	St Andrews
112th	1983	Tom Watson(5)	275	−9	1 stroke	Andy Bean Hale Irwin	310,000	40,000	Royal Birkdale
111th	1982	Tom Watson(4)	284	−4	1 stroke	Peter Oosterhuis Nick Price	250,000	32,000	Royal Troon
110th	1981	Bill Rogers	276	−4	4 strokes	Bernhard Langer	200,000	25,000	Royal St George's
109th	1980	Tom Watson(3)	271	−13	4 strokes	Lee Trevino	200,000	25,000	Muirfield
108th	1979	Seve Ballesteros	283	−1	3 strokes	Ben Crenshaw Jack Nicklaus	155,000	15,000	Royal Lytham & St Annes
107th	1978	Jack Nicklaus(3)	281	−7	2 strokes	Ben Crenshaw Raymond Floyd Tom Kite Simon Owen	125,000	12,500	St Andrews
106th	1977	Tom Watson(2)	268	−12	1 stroke	Jack Nicklaus	100,000	10,000	Turnberry
105th	1976	Johnny Miller	279	−9	6 strokes	Seve Ballesteros Jack Nicklaus	75,000	7,500	Royal Birkdale
104th	1975	Tom Watson	279	−9	Playoff	Jack Newton	75,000	7,500	Carnoustie
103rd	1974	Gary Player(3)	282	−2	4 strokes	Peter Oosterhuis	50,000	5,500	Royal Lytham & St Annes
102nd	1973	Tom Weiskopf	276	−12	3 strokes	Neil Coles Johnny Miller	50,000	5,500	Troon
101st	1972	Lee Trevino(2)	278	−6	1 stroke	Jack Nicklaus	50,000	5,500	Muirfield
100th	1971	Lee Trevino	278	−14	1 stroke	Lu Liang-Huan	45,000	5,500	Royal Birkdale
99th	1970	Jack Nicklaus(2)	283	−5	Playoff	Doug Sanders	40,000	5,250	St Andrews
98th	1969	Tony Jacklin	280	−4	2 strokes	Bob Charles	30,000	4,250	Royal Lytham & St Annes
97th	1968	Gary Player(2)	289	+1	2 strokes	Bob Charles Jack Nicklaus	20,000	3,000	Carnoustie
96th	1967	Roberto De Vicenzo	278	−10	2 strokes	Jack Nicklaus	15,000	2,100	Royal Liverpool
95th	1966	Jack Nicklaus	282	−2	1 stroke	Doug Sanders Dave Thomas	15,000	2,100	Muirfield
94th	1965	Peter Thomson(5)	285	−7	2 strokes	Brian Huggett Christy O'Connor Snr	10,000	1,750	Royal Birkdale
93rd	1964	Tony Lema	279	−9	5 strokes	Jack Nicklaus	8,500	1,500	St Andrews
92nd	1963	Bob Charles	277	−3	Playoff	Phil Rodgers	8,500	1,500	Royal Lytham & St Annes
91st	1962	Arnold Palmer(2)	276	−12	6 strokes	Kel Nagle	8,500	1,400	Troon
90th	1961	Arnold Palmer	284	−4	1 stroke	Dai Rees	8,500	1,400	Royal Birkdale
89th	1960	Kel Nagle	278	−10	1 stroke	Arnold Palmer	7,000	1,250	St Andrews
88th	1959	Gary Player	284	−4	2 strokes	Fred Bullock Flory Van Donck	5,000	1,000	Muirfield
87th	1958	Peter Thomson(4)	278	−6	Playoff	Dave Thomas	4,850	1,000	Royal Lytham & St Annes
86th	1957	Bobby Locke(4)	279	−9	3 strokes	Peter Thomson	3,750	1,000	St Andrews
85th	1956	Peter Thomson(3)	286	+2	3 strokes	Flory Van Donck	3,750	1,000	Royal Liverpool
84th	1955	Peter Thomson(2)	281	−7	2 strokes	John Fallon	3,750	1,000	St Andrews
83rd	1954	Peter Thomson	283	−9	1 stroke	Bobby Locke Dai Rees Syd Scott	3,500	750	Royal Birkdale
82nd	1953	Ben Hogan	282	−6	4 strokes	Antonio Cerdá Dai Rees Frank Stranahan(a) Peter Thomson	2,500	500	Carnoustie
81st	1952	Bobby Locke(3)	287	−1	1 stroke	Peter Thomson	1,700	300	Royal Lytham & St Annes
80th	1951	Max Faulkner	285	−3	2 strokes	Antonio Cerdá	1,700	300	Royal Portrush
79th	1950	Bobby Locke(2)	279	−1	2 strokes	Roberto De Vicenzo	1,500	300	Troon
78th	1949	Bobby Locke	283	−5	Playoff	Harry Bradshaw	1,500	300	Royal St George's
77th	1948	Henry Cotton(3)	284	E	5 strokes	Fred Daly	1,000	150	Muirfield
76th	1947	Fred Daly	293	+21	1 stroke	Reg Horne Frank Stranahan(a)	1,000	150	Royal Liverpool
75th	1946	Sam Snead	290	−2	4 strokes	Johnny Bulla Bobby Locke	1,000	150	St Andrews
1940–45: No championships due toWorld War II
74th	1939	Dick Burton	290	−2	2 strokes	Johnny Bulla	500	100	St Andrews
73rd	1938	Reg Whitcombe	295	+15	2 strokes	Jimmy Adams	500	100	Royal St George's
72nd	1937	Henry Cotton(2)	290	+2	2 strokes	Reg Whitcombe	500	100	Carnoustie
71st	1936	Alf Padgham	287		1 stroke	Jimmy Adams	500	100	Royal Liverpool
70th	1935	Alf Perry	283		4 strokes	Alf Padgham	500	100	Muirfield
69th	1934	Henry Cotton	283		5 strokes	Sid Brews	500	100	Royal St George's
68th	1933	Denny Shute	292		Playoff	Craig Wood	500	100	St Andrews
67th	1932	Gene Sarazen	283		5 strokes	Macdonald Smith	500	100	Prince's
66th	1931	Tommy Armour	296		1 stroke	José Jurado	500	100	Carnoustie
65th	1930	Bobby Jones(a) (3)	291		2 strokes	Leo Diegel Macdonald Smith	400	100	Royal Liverpool
64th	1929	Walter Hagen(4)	292		6 strokes	Johnny Farrell	275	75	Muirfield
63rd	1928	Walter Hagen(3)	292		2 strokes	Gene Sarazen	275	75	Royal St George's
62nd	1927	Bobby Jones(a) (2)	285		6 strokes	Aubrey Boomer Fred Robson	275	75	St Andrews
61st	1926	Bobby Jones(a)	291		2 strokes	Al Watrous	225	75	Royal Lytham & St Annes
60th	1925	Jim Barnes	300		1 stroke	Archie Compston Ted Ray	225	75	Prestwick
59th	1924	Walter Hagen(2)	301		1 stroke	Ernest Whitcombe	225	75	Royal Liverpool
58th	1923	Arthur Havers	295		1 stroke	Walter Hagen	225	75	Troon
57th	1922	Walter Hagen	300		1 stroke	Jim Barnes George Duncan	225	75	Royal St George's
56th	1921	Jock Hutchison	296		Playoff	Roger Wethered(a)	225	75	St Andrews
55th	1920	George Duncan	303		2 strokes	Sandy Herd	225	75	Royal Cinque Ports
1915–19: No championships due toWorld War I
54th	1914	Harry Vardon(6)	306		3 strokes	John Henry Taylor	135	50	Prestwick
53rd	1913	John Henry Taylor(5)	304		8 strokes	Ted Ray	135	50	Royal Liverpool
52nd	1912	Ted Ray	295		4 strokes	Harry Vardon	135	50	Muirfield
51st	1911	Harry Vardon(5)	303		Playoff	Arnaud Massy	135	50	Royal St George's
50th	1910	James Braid(5)	299		4 strokes	Sandy Herd	135	50	St Andrews
49th	1909	John Henry Taylor(4)	291		6 strokes	Tom Ball James Braid	125	50	Royal Cinque Ports
48th	1908	James Braid(4)	291		8 strokes	Tom Ball	125	50	Prestwick
47th	1907	Arnaud Massy	312		2 strokes	John Henry Taylor	125	50	Royal Liverpool
46th	1906	James Braid(3)	300		4 strokes	John Henry Taylor	125	50	Muirfield
45th	1905	James Braid(2)	318		5 strokes	Rowland Jones John Henry Taylor	125	50	St Andrews
44th	1904	Jack White	296		1 stroke	James Braid John Henry Taylor	125	50	Royal St George's
43rd	1903	Harry Vardon(4)	300		6 strokes	Tom Vardon	125	50	Prestwick
42nd	1902	Sandy Herd	307		1 stroke	James Braid Harry Vardon	125	50	Royal Liverpool
41st	1901	James Braid	309		3 strokes	Harry Vardon	125	50	Muirfield
40th	1900	John Henry Taylor(3)	309		8 strokes	Harry Vardon	125	50	St Andrews
39th	1899	Harry Vardon(3)	310		5 strokes	Jack White	100	30	St George's
38th	1898	Harry Vardon(2)	307		1 stroke	Willie Park Jr.	100	30	Prestwick
37th	1897	Harold Hilton(a) (2)	314		1 stroke	James Braid	100	30	Royal Liverpool
36th	1896	Harry Vardon	316		Playoff	John Henry Taylor	100	30	Muirfield
35th	1895	John Henry Taylor(2)	322		4 strokes	Sandy Herd	100	30	St Andrews
34th	1894	John Henry Taylor	326		5 strokes	Douglas Rolland	100	30	St George's
33rd	1893	William Auchterlonie	322		2 strokes	Johnny Laidlay(a)	100	30	Prestwick
32nd	1892	Harold Hilton(a)	305		3 strokes	John Ball(a) Sandy Herd Hugh Kirkaldy	110	35	Muirfield
31st	1891	Hugh Kirkaldy	166		2 strokes	Willie Fernie Andrew Kirkaldy	28.50	10	St Andrews
30th	1890	John Ball(a)	164		3 strokes	Willie Fernie Archie Simpson	29.50	13	Prestwick
29th	1889	Willie Park Jr.(2)	155		Playoff	Andrew Kirkaldy	22	8	Musselburgh
28th	1888	Jack Burns	171		1 stroke	David Anderson Jr. Ben Sayers	20	8	St Andrews
27th	1887	Willie Park Jr.	161		1 stroke	Bob Martin	20	8	Prestwick
26th	1886	David Brown	157		2 strokes	Willie Campbell	20	8	Musselburgh
25th	1885	Bob Martin(2)	171		1 stroke	Archie Simpson	35.50	10	St Andrews
24th	1884	Jack Simpson	160		4 strokes	Willie Fernie Douglas Rolland	23	8	Prestwick
23rd	1883	Willie Fernie	159		Playoff	Bob Ferguson	20	8	Musselburgh
22nd	1882	Bob Ferguson(3)	171		3 strokes	Willie Fernie	47.25	12	St Andrews
21st	1881	Bob Ferguson(2)	170		3 strokes	Jamie Anderson	21	8	Prestwick
20th	1880	Bob Ferguson	162		5 strokes	Peter Paxton	Not known	8	Musselburgh
19th	1879	Jamie Anderson(3)	169		3 strokes	Jamie Allan Andrew Kirkaldy	47	10	St Andrews
18th	1878	Jamie Anderson(2)	157		2 strokes	Bob Kirk	Not known	8	Prestwick
17th	1877	Jamie Anderson	160		2 strokes	Bob Pringle	20	8	Musselburgh
16th	1876	Bob Martin	176		Playoff	Davie Strath	27	10	St Andrews
15th	1875	Willie Park Sr.(4)	166		2 strokes	Bob Martin	20	8	Prestwick
14th	1874	Mungo Park	159		2 strokes	Young Tom Morris	20	8	Musselburgh
13th	1873	Tom Kidd	179		1 stroke	Jamie Anderson	Not known	11	St Andrews
12th	1872	Young Tom Morris(4)	166		3 strokes	Davie Strath	Not known	8	Prestwick
1871: Championship cancelled as no trophy available
11th	1870	Young Tom Morris(3)	149		12 strokes	Bob Kirk(2nd) Davie Strath(3rd)	12	6	Prestwick
10th	1869	Young Tom Morris(2)	157		11 strokes	Bob Kirk	12	6	Prestwick
9th	1868	Young Tom Morris	154		3 strokes	Old Tom Morris	12	6	Prestwick
8th	1867	Old Tom Morris(4)	170		2 strokes	Willie Park Sr.	16	7	Prestwick
7th	1866	Willie Park Sr.(3)	169		2 strokes	Davie Park	11	6	Prestwick
6th	1865	Andrew Strath	162		2 strokes	Willie Park Sr.	20	8	Prestwick
5th	1864	Old Tom Morris(3)	167		2 strokes	Andrew Strath	15	6	Prestwick
4th	1863	Willie Park Sr.(2)	168		2 strokes	Old Tom Morris	10	-	Prestwick
3rd	1862	Old Tom Morris(2)	163		13 strokes	Willie Park Sr.	-	-	Prestwick
2nd	1861	Old Tom Morris	163		4 strokes	Willie Park Sr.	-	-	Prestwick
1st	1860	Willie Park Sr.	174		2 strokes	Old Tom Morris	-	-	Prestwick

Nationalities assigned above match those used in the official Open records. Source: The 148th Open 2019 Media Guide

Silver Medal winners

Since 1949, the silver medal is awarded to the leading amateur, provided that the player completes all 72 holes.In the earlier years wealthy individuals would often maintain their amateur status, and hence could win multiple times, such asFrank Stranahanwho won it four times in the first five years (and was also the low amateur in1947). In the modern era players often turn professional soon after winning the silver medal, and hence never have a chance for multiple wins.Tiger WoodsandRory McIlroyare the only silver medal winners who have gone on to win the Open.

• 1949–Frank Stranahan
• 1950–Frank Stranahan(2)
• 1951–Frank Stranahan(3)
• 1952–Jackie Jones
• 1953–Frank Stranahan(4)
• 1954–Peter Toogood
• 1955–Joe Conrad
• 1956–Joe Carr
• 1957–Dickson Smith
• 1958–Joe Carr(2)
• 1959–Reid Jack
• 1960–Guy Wolstenholme
• 1961–Ronnie White
• 1962–Charlie Green
• 1963– none
• 1964– none
• 1965–Michael Burgess
• 1966–Ronnie Shade
• 1967– none
• 1968–Michael Bonallack
• 1969–Peter Tupling
• 1970–Steve Melnyk
• 1971–Michael Bonallack(2)
• 1972– none
• 1973–Danny Edwards
• 1974– none
• 1975– none
• 1976– none
• 1977– none
• 1978–Peter McEvoy
• 1979–Peter McEvoy(2)
• 1980–Jay Sigel
• 1981–Hal Sutton
• 1982–Malcolm Lewis
• 1983– none
• 1984– none
• 1985–José María Olazábal
• 1986– none
• 1987–Paul Mayo
• 1988–Paul Broadhurst
• 1989–Russell Claydon
• 1990– none
• 1991–Jim Payne
• 1992–Daren Lee
• 1993–Iain Pyman
• 1994–Warren Bennett
• 1995–Steve Webster
• 1996–Tiger Woods
• 1997–Barclay Howard
• 1998–Justin Rose
• 1999– none
• 2000– none
• 2001–David Dixon
• 2002– none
• 2003– none
• 2004–Stuart Wilson
• 2005–Lloyd Saltman
• 2006–Marius Thorp
• 2007–Rory McIlroy
• 2008–Chris Wood
• 2009–Matteo Manassero
• 2010–Jin Jeong
• 2011–Tom Lewis
• 2012– none
• 2013–Matt Fitzpatrick
• 2014– none
• 2015–Jordan Niebrugge
• 2016– none
• 2017–Alfie Plant
• 2018–Sam Locke
• 2019– none
• 2020 – no tournament
• 2021–Matti Schmid
• 2022–Filippo Celli
• 2023–Christo Lamprecht
• 2024–Calum Scott

Broadcasting

Further information:List of The Open Championship broadcasters

The distribution of The Open is provided by a partnership between R&A Productions, European Tour Productions (both run byIMG) and CTV Outside Broadcasting. The broadcasters with onsite production areSky(UK),NBC(USA),BBC(UK), andTV Asahi(Japan).

Many non-British broadcasters referred to the Open as the "British" Open in their coverage until 2010, whenThe R&Aintroduced use of contractual terms in their media contracts, similar to theMasters,and now rights holders are obliged to refer to the tournament as "The Open".On 7 November 2018, theparent companyof the U.S. rights holder,NBC,completed a takeover of the U.K. rights holder,Sky.This means the media rights in the two primary markets are owned by the same company, albeit produced separately by two differentsubsidiaries.There are over 170 cameras on site during the tournament, including cameras in the face of the Open's pot bunkers.

Ivor Robson was the announcer for 41 years; he died in October 2023.

United Kingdom

The BBC first started to broadcast the Open in 1955,withPeter Allissinvolved since 1961, and having the role of lead commentator since 1978.With the growth ofpay television,and the increasing value of sporting rights, the BBC's golf portfolio began to reduce. The loss of the rights to theScottish Open,andBMW PGA Championshipin 2012 left the BBC's only golf coverage as the Open, and the final two days of theMasters(which it shared with Sky). With so little golf, the BBC was accused of neglecting investment in production and was criticised about its 'quality of coverage and innovation' compared toSky,which held the rights to most golf events. The tournament is considered a Category B event under theOfcom Code on Sports and Other Listed and Designated Events,which allows its rights to be held by a pay television broadcaster as long as sufficient secondary coverage is provided by a free-to-air broadcaster.

Many were hoping that a deal similar to the Masters would be reached, where Sky had coverage of all four days, and the BBC also provided live weekend coverage, but Sky were not keen on this and won the full rights in 2015. Some were angered about the demise of golf on terrestrial television, and the impact that could have on the interest in golf in the U.K.,whilst others were pleased about the perceived improved coverage that Sky would give.Despite Peter Alliss promising on air that the BBC would cover the 2016 event, the BBC reached a deal for Sky to take the coverage. The BBC still covers the tournament, showing highlights from 8pm–10pm on tournament days and radio coverage onRadio 5 Live.The deal with Sky required the broadcaster to restrict its advertisement breaks to 4 minutes every hour, similar to the Masters.Sky also offers complete coverage online throughNOWto non-subscribers, which is £7.99 for one day, or £12.99 for a weeks access.

Timeline of U.K. broadcasting rights

Period	Broadcaster	Rights fee per annum
1955–2014	BBC	Varies
2015		£7.0m
2016	Sky Sports	£7.0m
2017–2021		£15.0m
2022–2024		Unknown

Ref:

United States

ABCbegan broadcasting the Open in 1962, with taped highlights onWide World of Sports.In the pre-digital age the coverage had to be converted from the U.K.'sPALcolour encoding system, to the U.S.'sNTSC,which meant picture quality could be impacted, especially in the early years.The coverage expanded over the years, and as is common in America, there was a different early round rights holder, which wasESPNuntil 2003 whenTNTtook over. Co-ownedESPNbecame responsible for ABC's sports coverage in 2006; it won the rights to cover all four days of the championship in 2010, and concurrently moved coverage to its channels. The Open became the first golf major to be covered exclusively onpay televisionin America, as ESPN left only highlights for its partner broadcast network.

After losing the rights to theU.S. Openin 2015,NBCbid aggressively to win the rights to the Open, and become a broadcaster of agolf majoragain.NBC also had a track record of broadcasting European sporting events successfully in the morning U.S. time with thePremier League,Formula One,and"Breakfast at Wimbledon",and was able to place early round coverage on its subsidiaryGolf Channel.NBC won the rights from 2017 to 2028.ESPN also sold them the rights for 2016.

The 2019 edition of the Open Championship had a total of 49 hours of coverage in the United States, with 29 hours being on Thursday and Friday, and 20 hours being on Saturday and Sunday; the Golf Channel cable network had a total of 34 hours of coverage, with 29 hours on Thursday and Friday, and 5 hours on Saturday and Sunday. The NBC broadcast network had a total of 15 hours of coverage on the weekend, with 8 hours Saturday, and 7 hours Sunday. The 49 total hours of coverage on Golf Channel and NBC is down 30 minutes from 2018; the difference is that NBC's Sunday coverage is down 30 minutes, from 7.5 hours in 2018, to 7 hours in 2019.

Timeline of U.S. broadcasting rights

Period	Broadcaster	Rights fee per annum
1962–2009	ABC	Varies
2010–2015	ESPN	$25.0m
2016	NBC	$25.0m
2017–2028		$50.0m

Ref:

TheOpen.com

The Open provides limited coverage for free on its website including highlights, featured groups, featured holes, and radio coverage. The Open's local rights holders usually provide these feeds as part of their broadcast package.

Rest of the world

The Open produces a 'world feed' for use by international broadcasters if they require.The other large golf markets in a similar time zone as the U.K. are the rest of Europe (whereSky,the U.K. broadcast company often has a presence), andSouth Africawhere it is covered bySuperSport.

Japan,South Korea,Australia,New Zealandand increasinglyChinaare markets with high media interest in golf and the Open, but the time zone means the prime coverage is shown in the early hours of the morning.

See also

• Open golf tournament

External links

• Official website
• Coverage on European Tour's official site
• Coverage on the PGA Tour's official site