Wikipedia

The Stooges

Not to be confused withStooges Brass BandorThe Three Stooges.
For The Stooges' self-titled debut album, seeThe Stooges (album).

The Stooges,originally billed as thePsychedelic Stooges,and also known asIggy and the Stooges,were an Americanrockband formed inAnn Arbor,Michigan,in 1967 by singerIggy Pop,guitaristRon Asheton,drummerScott Asheton,and bassistDave Alexander.Initially playing a raw, primitive style ofrock and roll,the band sold few records in their original incarnation and gained a reputation for their confrontational performances, which often involved acts ofself-mutilationby Iggy Pop.[5]

The Stooges
The Stooges at the Hammersmith Apollo (2010) L-R: Iggy Pop, Mike Watt, Scott Asheton, James Williamson
The Stooges at theHammersmith Apollo(2010)
L-R: Iggy Pop, Mike Watt, Scott Asheton, James Williamson
Background information
Also known asIggy and the Stooges, Iggy Pop and the Stooges, the Psychedelic Stooges
OriginAnn Arbor,Michigan,U.S.
Genres
Years active
  • 1967–1971
  • 1972–1974
  • 2003–2016[4]
Labels
Past members
Websiteiggyandthestoogesmusic.com

After releasing two albums –The Stooges(1969) andFun House(1970) – the group disbanded briefly, and reformed with an altered lineup (with Ron Asheton replacing Dave Alexander on bass andJames Williamsontaking up guitar) to release a third album,Raw Power(1973), before breaking up again in 1974. The band reunited in 2003 with Ron Asheton moving back to guitar andMike Watton bass, and the addition of saxophonistSteve Mackay,who had played saxophone onFun House.Ron Asheton died in 2009 and was replaced by James Williamson, and the band continued to play shows until 2013, when they also released their last album,Ready to Die.The Stooges formally announced their breakup in 2016 due to the deaths of Scott Asheton and saxophonist Steve Mackay.

The Stooges are widely regarded as a seminalproto-punkact.[5][6][7]The band was inducted into theRock and Roll Hall of Famein 2010.[8]In 2004,Rolling Stoneranked them 78th on theirlist of the 100 greatest artists of all time.In 2007, they were awarded the Mojo Lifetime Achievement Award at theMojo Awards.[9]

History

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Formation (1967–1968)

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Iggy Pop(born James Newell Osterberg) played drums in several Ann Arbor–area bands as a teenager, including the Iguanas and, later,the Prime Movers.The Prime Movers nicknamed Osterberg "Iggy" in reference to his earlier band.[10]

Osterberg was first inspired to form the Stooges after meetingbluesdrummerSam Layduring a visit to Chicago. Upon returning toDetroit,Osterberg sought to create a new form of blues music that was not derivative of historical precedents, with influence from garage rock bandsThe SonicsandThe Kinks.Ron Asheton(guitar) andScott Asheton(drums), andDave Alexander(bass guitar) comprised the rest of the band, with Osterberg as the main singer. Osterberg became interested in Ron Asheton after seeing him perform in a cover band called the Chosen Few, believing, "I've never met a convincing musician that didn't look kind of ill and kind of dirty, and Ron had those two things covered!"[11]The three nicknamed Osterberg "Pop" after a local character whom he resembled.[12]Shortly after witnessing anMC5concert in Ann Arbor, Osterberg began using the stage name Iggy Pop, a name that he has used ever since.

Though the Stooges had formed, Iggy Pop attributes two key motivating influences to move the band forward. The first was seeingthe Doorsperform at a homecoming dance for the University of Michigan. The second was seeing an all-girls rock band from Princeton, New Jersey, called the Untouchable perform in the summer of 1967.[13][14]In a 1995 interview withBust Magazine,he relates:

I had the Stooges. And we did not have the balls to get out and do it. There were two things that made us do it; one was seeing that show (the Doors), we saw that show and I just thought, well, this is so brazen, there is no excuse for us not to do it anymore. And the other thing was we went to New York. We had gone to New York a couple of months before that just to check out the scene, and we had never been to a place like New York… we went down around Eighth Street there where all the young tourists hang out, and we met these girls from New Jersey, from Princeton, they had a band called the Untouchable, and we're like, "Oh, you've got a band, sure, ha ha ha," and they said "Well, come to our house and see us play." And we didn't have anywhere to crash, and they played for us, and they completely rocked, and we were really ashamed.

The band's 1967 debut was at their communal State Street house onHalloweennight, followed by their next live gig in January 1968.[15]During this early period, the Stooges were originally billed as the "Psychedelic Stooges" at theGrande BallroominDetroit, Michigan,and other venues, where they played with the bandMC5and others. At one of their early Grande Ballroom performances, Asheton's guitar neck separated from the body forcing the band to stop playing during the opening song, "I Wanna Be Your Dog".The first major commercial show for the Psychedelic Stooges was on March 3, 1968, at theGrande Ballroomin Detroit, opening forBlood, Sweat & Tears.According toJohn Sinclair,who booked the show, the Psychedelic Stooges were substitutes for theMC5,who had a formidable Detroit reputation that made Blood, Sweat & Tears reluctant to follow them. A fan who saw several of their performances at that time said, "What they achieved was an almost orchestral drone or trance-like sound which was totally unique, valid and impressive."[16]

The group's early sound differed from their later music, wrote critic Edwin Pouncey:

The Stooges' early musical experiments were more avant garde than punk rock, with Pop incorporating such household objects as avacuum cleanerand ablenderinto an intense wall of feedback that one observer described as sounding like "an airplane was landing in the room." Homemade instruments were also incorporated to flesh out the overall sound. The 'Jim-a-phone' involved pushing feedback through a funnel device which was raised and lowered to achieve the best effect. There was also a cheapHawaiian guitarwhich Pop and guitarist Ron Asheton would take turns in plucking to produce a simulatedsitardrone, while drummer Scott Asheton pounded away at a set of oil drums with a ball hammer.[17]

First two albums and first breakup (1968–1971)

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Cashboxadvertisement, August 30, 1969

The Stooges soon gained a reputation for their wild, primitive live performances. Pop, especially, became known for his outrageous onstage behavior: smearing his bare chest with hamburger meat and peanut butter, cutting himself with shards of glass, and flashing his genitalia to the audience. Pop is sometimes credited with the invention or popularization ofstage diving.

In 1968,Elektra Recordssent DJ/publicistDanny Fieldsto scout the MC5, resulting in contracts for both that band and the Stooges. The contracts were at different pay rates: MC5 $20,000, the Stooges $5,000, as revealed in the 2016Jim Jarmuschfilm,Gimme Danger.In 1969, the band released theirself-titled debut album;sales were low and it was not well received by critics at the time.

In 1970, their second album,Fun House,was released, featuring the addition of saxophonistSteve Mackay.On June 13 of that year, television recorded the band at theCincinnatiPop Festival. While performing the songs "T.V. Eye" and "1970," Pop leaped into the crowd, where he was hoisted up on people's hands, and proceeded to smear peanut butter all over his chest. In a broadcast interview atWNURNorthwestern Universityradio station in Evanston, Illinois, in 1984,Stiv Batorsofthe Lords of the New Churchandthe Dead Boysconfirmed the long-standing rumor that it was he who had provided the peanut butter, having carried a large tub from his home in Youngstown, Ohio, and handing it up to Iggy from the audience.

Fun Housewas also poorly received by critics and the general public. Alexander was dismissed in August 1970 after arriving at theGoose Lake International Music Festivaltoo drunk to play.[18]He was replaced by a succession of new bass players, including former roadieZeke Zettner[19]andJames Recca.Around this time, the band expanded their lineup by adding a second guitar player, roadieBill Cheatham,[10]who was eventually replaced byJames Williamson,a childhood friend of the Ashetons and Alexander.

By this time, the Stooges, with the notable exception of Ron Asheton,[10][20]had all become seriousheroinusers. The drug was introduced to the band by new manager John Adams.[10]Their performances became even more unpredictable, and Pop often had trouble standing up on stage due to his extreme drug abuse. Elektra soon eliminated the Stooges from its roster, and the band had a hiatus for several months. The final lineup was Pop, the Asheton brothers, Recca and Williamson.[10]

The breakup of the Stooges was formally announced on July 9, 1971.[21]

Raw Powerand second breakup (1972–1974)

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With the band having broken up, Pop metDavid Bowieon September 7, 1971, atMax's Kansas City,[20][21]and the pair quickly became good friends. The next day, on the advice of Bowie, Pop signed a recording contract with pop music managerTony DeFries' company, MainMan. A few months later, Tony DeFries and Pop metClive Davisfrom CBS/Columbia Recordsand got a two-album recording deal.[21]In March 1972, DeFries brought Pop and Williamson to the UK,[21]and the pair attempted to reconstitute the Stooges with British musicians, but after finding no suitable additions, they brought the Asheton brothers back into the band. (This "second choice" decision rankled Ron Asheton, as did his change from guitar to bass.) This lineup, billed as Iggy & the Stooges, recorded their third album, the influentialRaw Power,which was released in 1973.

At the time, the album faced the criticism that Bowie had mixed it poorly.[22](In subsequent years, various unofficial fan recordings were assembled and released as the albumRough Power;[22]in 1997, the album was re-mixed by Iggy Pop and re-released.[22]) Although the album sold rather poorly and was regarded as a commercial failure at the time of its release,Raw Powerwould go on to gain recognition from earlypunk rockers.[23]

With the addition of a piano player (brieflyBob Sheffand thenScott Thurston[10]), the Stooges toured for several months, starting in February 1973. Around this time they also made a number of recordings that became known as theDetroit Rehearsal Tapes,including a number of new songs that might have been included on a fourth studio album, had the band not been dropped by Columbia soon after the release ofRaw Power.In 1973, James Williamson was briefly dismissed due to criticism from the band's management company (likely pertaining to his tempestuous relationship withCyrinda Foxe,a close friend of road managerLeee Black Childers); guitaristTornado Turnerreplaced him for a single gig (on June 15, 1973, at the Aragon Ballroom inChicago[24]), but Williamson soon returned to the group.[15]

The Stooges disbanded in February 1974 as a result of dwindling professional opportunities; this factor was compounded by Pop's ever-present heroin addiction and erratic off-stage behavior.[15]The last half of the band's last performance of this era on February 9, 1974, in Detroit, Michigan, was captured and was released in 1976 as the live albumMetallic K.O.,along with the first half of an earlier show on October 6, 1973, at the same venue. A 1988 expanded release of the album with the titleMetallic 2X K.O.included the two halves of each show. In 1998, the album was re-released under the original title with the order of the shows reversed, (mostly) expanded tracks and more complete set lists.

Post-breakup (1975–2003)

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Iggy Pop on October 25, 1977, at the State Theatre, Minneapolis, Minnesota

After his first attempt at drug rehabilitation, Pop began a volatile yet ultimately successful solo career in 1977, commencing with the Bowie-produced albumsThe Idiot(1977) andLust for Life(1977). Relocated toLos Angeles,California,Ron Asheton formed the short-lived bandthe New Order(not to be confused with the UK bandNew Order) with Stooges alumni Recca and Thurston before performing with the Ann Arbor–based "anti-rock" groupDestroy All Monstersfrom 1977 to 1985. Until the Stooges' reformation, he supported himself as a working musician in various ensembles, includingNew Race,Dark Carnival and the Empty Set. Williamson worked with Pop as a producer and engineer during his early solo career – theKill CityandNew Valuesalbums are a product of this collaboration – but began a long break from the music industry in favor of a career inelectronics engineeringbeginning in 1980. He received his degree fromCalifornia State Polytechnic University, Pomonain 1982 and retired fromSonyas vice president of technical standards in 2009. Scott Asheton performed withSonic's Rendezvous Bandand the Scott Morgan Group while pursuing various day jobs. Dave Alexander died ofpulmonary edemarelated to his alcohol-inducedpancreatitisin 1975.

In 1997, a reissue ofRaw Powerremixed by Pop was released. In 1999, reissue labelRhino Handmadereleased the seven-disc box set1970: The Complete Fun House Sessions,composed of the entire recording sessions associated with theFun Housealbum. 3,000 copies were pressed, selling out in less than a year.

In 2000, indie rock music veteransJ Mascis(ofDinosaur Jr) andMike Watt(of theMinutemenandFirehose) teamed up with Ron Asheton and drummer George Berz to perform Stooges covers (and other material) live. Billed asJ. Mascis and the Fog,the band performed sporadically before Pop became aware of them in 2003.

Reunion and Ron Asheton's death (2003–2009)

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Pop and the Ashetons first reunited that year, sharing four songs on theSkull Ringalbum with Pop on vocals, Scott Asheton on drums, and Ron Asheton on both guitar and bass. Soon afterward, the Stooges reunited officially, performing a series of live shows in the United States and Europe, with Watt on bass at Ron Asheton's request,[25]andFun House–era saxophonist Steve Mackay. Their Detroit homecoming show, postponed by the2003 North America blackout,was released as the DVDLive in Detroit.

On August 16, 2005,Elektra RecordsandRhino Recordsissued newly remastered two-CD editions of the first two Stooges albums, featuring the original album on disc one and outtakes (including alternate mixes, single versions, etc.) on disc two. Unlike the 1997Raw Powerreissue, which was a total remix from the original multitracks, these remasters are faithful to the original mixes.

Iggy and the Stooges – Sziget Fesztivál, 2006.
Iggy and the Stooges – Sziget Fesztivál, 2006.

In 2007, the band released an album of all-new material,The Weirdness,withSteve Albinirecording, and mastering done atAbbey Road StudiosinLondon, England.[26]The album received mixed to negative reviews from the press. The band also contributed a cover ofJunior Kimbrough's "You Better Run" to a tribute album for the late blues artist.

The Stooges were voted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame in 2008.[27]

The Stooges spent the years between 2003 and 2008 touring extensively, playing shows on five different continents. Highlights included performances at several events involved with theAll Tomorrow's Partiesconcert series, Pop's 60th birthday on the stage ofSan Francisco's Warfield Theater,[28]touring with theLollapaloozafestival, and a performance of twoMadonnacovers at the Michigan-born singer's induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in protest of the Stooges' failure to receive an induction into said institution despite six nominations. (Two years later, the band was successfully inducted.) A low of this touring era occurred in August 2008 when the band's equipment was stolen inMontreal,Quebec.[29]Initially, the reunited band's sets consisted solely of material fromThe Stooges,Fun House,Skull RingandThe Weirdness.By 2008, they had added "Search and Destroy","I Got a Right "and" Raw Power "to its set lists. The band's final show with Ron Asheton was on September 29, 2008, inLjubljana,Slovenia.

On January 6, 2009, Ron Asheton was found dead in his home, having reportedly suffered a heart attack several days earlier.[30][31]He was 60 years old. In their official statement, the group called Asheton "irreplaceable".[32]

On October 1, 2009,The Stooges: The Authorized and Illustrated Storyby Robert Matheu andJeffrey Morgan(authorized biographer ofAlice Cooper) was published in hardcover byAbrams.[33]

Return of James Williamson and final breakup (2009–2016)

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The Stooges, Katowice Off Festival, Poland, on August 4, 2012

In a May 2009 interview, Pop announced the band's plans to continue performing with James Williamson returning as guitarist.[34][35]Pop stated that "although 'the Stooges' died with Ron Asheton, there was still 'Iggy and the Stooges'".[36]Their first concert occurred on November 7, 2009, inSão Paulo,Brazil.The band added material fromRaw Powerand several of Pop's early solo albums to its repertoire.

The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted the band in its Class of 2010.[37]The band had previously been nominated for election seven times, each unsuccessful. Their performance for the event included a guest appearance by former keyboardist Scott Thurston. Performances with Williamson continued, including the 2010 All Tomorrow's Parties festival in Monticello, New York, where they performedRaw Powerin its entirety. A re-release ofRaw Powerwas released on April 10, 2010, including the first remastering of the David Bowie mix and a live 1973 performance. The following year, Detroit authorBrett CallwoodpublishedThe Stooges – Head On: A Journey Through The Michigan Underground,a book that focuses heavily on the Asheton brothers' activities after the initial decline of the Stooges.[38]

On February 25, 2013, the band released what would become their last album,Ready to Die.The album was released on April 30 onFat Possum.[39]Iggy and the Stooges played the final date of their 25-city 2013 world tour with a performance at the C2SV Festival in San Jose on September 28, 2013.[40]

On March 15, 2014,Scott Ashetondied of a heart attack, aged 64.[41][42]SaxophonistSteve Mackaydied in October 2015 at the age of 66.[43]

In 2016,Jim JarmuschdirectedGimme Danger,a documentary film about the band.[44]

On June 22, 2016, guitarist Williamson made an official statement for the band saying that the Stooges are no more: "The Stooges is over. Basically, everybody's dead except Iggy and I. So it would be sort of ludicrous to try and tour as Iggy and the Stooges when there's only one Stooge in the band and then you have side guys. That doesn't make any sense to me." Williamson also expressed a desire to stop touring.[45]

Musical style

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The Stooges are widely regarded as a seminalproto-punkact[5][6][7]and as instrumental in the development ofpunk rock,alternative rock,heavy metalandrock musicat large.[46][47]In the years beforenoise rockwas named as a musical genre, the Stooges were combining noise with punk rock in the same vein.[48]

Legacy

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Band members

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Final lineup

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Image Name Years active Instruments Release contributions
Iggy Pop
  • 1967–1971
  • 1972–1974
  • 2003–2016
  • lead vocals
  • keyboards(1972–1973)
 all releases
James Williamson
  • 1970–1971
  • 1972–1974
  • 2009–2016
  • lead and rhythm guitar
  • backing vocals(1972–1974)
Mike Watt 2003–2016 bass guitar all releases fromLive in Detroit(2003) onwards, exceptYou Don't Want My Name... You Want My Action(2009),Have Some Fun: Live at Unganos(2010),Live at Goose Lake, August 8th, 1970(2020)
Toby Dammit(Larry Mullins) 2011–2016
  • drums
  • percussion
 Ready to Die(2013)

Former members

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Image Name Years active Instruments Release contributions
Scott Asheton
  • 1967–1971
  • 1972–1974
  • 2003–2014(until his death)
  • drums
  • backing vocals(1969)
 all releases
Ron Asheton
  • 1967–1971
  • 1972–1974
  • 2003–2009(until his death)
  • lead and rhythm guitar(1967–1971, 2003–2009)
  • bass guitar(1972–1974)
  • backing vocals(1967–1969, 1972–1974)
 all releases fromThe Stooges(1969) toHave Some Fun: Live at Ungano's(2010)
Dave Alexander 1967–1970(died 1975)
  • bass guitar
  • backing vocals(1969)
Steve Mackay
  • 1970
  • 2003–2015(until his death)
 saxophone
Bill Cheatham 1970(died 1990s) rhythm guitar Have Some Fun: Live at Unganos(2010)
Zeke Zettner 1970(died 1973) bass guitar
Jimmy Recca 1971 You Don't Want My Name... You Want My Action(2009)
Bob Sheff 1973(died 2020) keyboards none
Tornado Turner 1973 lead and rhythm guitar
Scott Thurston 1973–1974(2010, 2013 as guest)
  • keyboards
  • backing vocals

Timeline

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[24]

Discography

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Main article:The Stooges discography

Videography

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  • Live in Detroit(2003)
  • Iggy & the Stooges Reunion at Coachella!(2003)
  • Escaped Maniacs(2007)
  • Gimme Danger(2016)

References

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  2. ^G. Thompson,American Culture in the 1980s(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007),ISBN0-7486-1910-0,p. 134.
  3. ^Fekadu, Meskin (March 18, 2014)."Scott Asheton, drummer for pioneering punk band the Stooges, dies at 64".The Washington Post.Retrieved2015-07-15.
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  10. ^abcdefCliff Jones&Paul TrynkaWhatever Turns You OnMojo No. 29, April 1996
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  12. ^Paul TrynkaMeet Ze MonsterMojo No. 161, April 2007
  13. ^"Influence on Iggy Pop | the Untouchable All Girl Band".
  14. ^"The Untouchable All-Girl Band".13 January 2018.
  15. ^abcTrynka, Paul (2007), "Open Up and Bleed", pg. 152
  16. ^Ambrose, Joe (2009).Gimme Danger: The Story of Iggy Pop.Music Sales.ISBN9780857120311.
  17. ^Pouncey, Edwin (June 1995)."Motown City Burning: MC5 meets Sun Ra".The Wire.No. 136. Archived fromthe originalon 2008-02-07.Retrieved2007-02-03.
  18. ^Keith CameronReturn To The Fun HouseMojo No. 161, April 2007
  19. ^Jack Whiteinterview with Iggy Pop Mojo No. 199 October 2003
  20. ^abPaul TrynkaNight Of The IguanaMojo No. 78, May 2000
  21. ^abcdNicolas Ungemuth,Iggy Pop,Librio Musique /Flammarion,September 2002
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  30. ^Daniel Kreps (2009-01-06)."The Stooges Guitarist Ron Asheton Found Dead At 60 | Rolling Stone Music".Rollingstone.com.Archived fromthe originalon January 7, 2009.Retrieved2011-07-01.
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  32. ^Jonze, Tim (January 6, 2009)."Stooges guitarist Ron Asheton dies".The Guardian.London.Retrieved2010-05-25.
  33. ^Robert Matheu, Jeffrey Morgan (2008).The Stooges: The Authorized and Illustrated Story.Abrams.ISBN978-0-8109-8289-5.
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  38. ^"Interview on Outsight Radio Hours".Outsight Radio Hours. 2011-11-13.Retrieved2012-01-08.
  39. ^Jenn, Pelly (25 February 2013)."Iggy and the Stooges Announce New Album Ready to Die, Diss the Smashing Pumpkins in the Process".PitchforkMedia.Retrieved2013-02-25.
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  47. ^Ratliff, Ben,"Ron Asheton, Guitarist in the Stooges, Dies at 60",The New York Times,January 8, 2009
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  49. ^"I took my shirt off in the Sunset Strip where we were playing and whipped myself till everybody shut up. With a belt, y'know, a bit of blood and the whole of Los Angeles shuts up. 'What's going on, man, there's some nutter attacking himself on stage.' I mean, Iggy Stooge had the same basic approach."
    "New Musical Express (NME) Interview, October 14 1972".stevetook.mercurymoon.co.uk.Retrieved5 December2018.
  50. ^Fields, Jim and Gramaglia, Michael (2003).End of the Century[The Story of the Ramones] (Motion Picture). United States: Magnolia Pictures.
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