Wikipedia

Virginia McKenna

Dame Virginia Anne McKenna[1](born 7 June 1931) is a British stage and screen actress, author,animal rightsactivist, and wildlife campaigner. She is best known for the filmsA Town Like Alice(1956),Carve Her Name with Pride(1958),Born Free(1966), andRing of Bright Water(1969), as well as her work with theBorn Free Foundation.[2]

Dame
Virginia McKenna
DBE
McKenna at an anti badger cull demonstration, Westminster, London, June 2013
Born
Virginia Anne McKenna

(1931-06-07)7 June 1931(age 93)
Marylebone,County of London,(nowInner London) England
Alma materRoyal Central School of Speech and Drama
Occupation(s)Stage and screen actress, author
Years active1952–present
Spouses
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(m.1954;div.1957)​
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(m.1957; died 1994)​
Children4

Early life

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McKenna was born inMaryleboneto a theatrical family and was educated at Heron's Ghyll School, a former independent boarding school near themarket townofHorshamin Sussex. She spent six years inSouth Africabefore returning to the school at the age of fourteen, after which she attended theCentral School of Speech and Drama,at that time based at theRoyal Albert Hall,London.[3]

Career

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Aged 19, McKenna spent six months atDundee Repertory Theatre.She worked on stage in London'sWest Endtheatre, making her debut inPenny for a Song.She attracted attention on TV appearing inWinter's TalewithJohn GielgudandShout Aloud Salvation.[4][5]

McKenna's first film wasThe Second Mrs Tanqueray(1952), followed by a comedy,Father's Doing Fine(1952). She had a small role in the popular war filmThe Cruel Sea(1953) and a better part in the low budget comedyThe Oracle(1953). She received excellent reviews for her stage performance inThe River Line.[5]By June 1953, she was appearing in theWest End productionofWilliam Douglas Home'sThe Bad Samaritan.[6]From 1954 to 1955, she was a member of theOld Victheatre company, appearing inHenry IVandRichard II.[7]

McKenna returned to films withSimba(1955), a drama about theMau Mau,playingDirk Bogarde's love interest. Rank signed her to a long-term contract[8]and directorBrian Desmond Hurstsaid, "She has a terrific future, properly handled. She has all the qualities of a young Bergman and a youngKatharine Hepburn.[9]McKenna was also inThe Ship That Died of Shame(1955).

Stardom

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McKenna was given the lead role in the war time dramaA Town Like Alice(1956), oppositePeter Finch.The movie was a big hit at the box office and McKenna won theBAFTA Award for Best Actressfor her performance.[10]Exhibitors voted her the fourth most popular British star.[11]In October 1956, John Davis, managing director of Rank, announced her as one of the actors under contract that Davis thought would become an international star.[12]

Travers and McKenna received an offer to go to Hollywood to appear inThe Barretts of Wimpole Street(1957). Travers playedRobert Browningand McKenna had the support part ofElizabeth Barrett Browning's sister. The movie flopped at the box office. The same year, Travers and McKenna, along withMargaret RutherfordandPeter Sellers,co-starred in the comedyThe Smallest Show on Earth,made back in Britain.

McKenna had another hit withCarve Her Name with Pride(1958), playingSecond World WarSOEagentViolette Szabo.She was nominated for another BAFTA Award and was voted the fifth most popular British star of 1958 (and the ninth most popular regardless of nationality).

She and Travers were reunited inPassionate Summer(1959), then she had a support part in MGM'sThe Wreck of the Mary Deare(1959). McKenna and Travers were also inTwo Living, One Dead(1961), shot in Sweden. She was in an adaptation ofA Passage to Indiafor the BBC in 1965.

Born Free

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McKenna is best remembered for her 1966 role asJoy Adamsonin the true-life filmBorn Freefor which she received a nomination for aGolden Globe.It was not only a huge success at the box office but a life changing experience for her and her husband Bill Travers who co-starred with her, portraying game warden and conservationistGeorge Adamson.The experience led them to become active supporters for wildanimal rightsas well as the protection of their naturalhabitat.McKenna and Travers starred in another animal-themed story,Ring of Bright Water(1969), but it failed to matchBorn Free's success.

McKenna appeared inAn Elephant Called Slowly.The film features her close friend conservationist George Adamson and also elephants Eleanor (brought up by conservationistDaphne Sheldrick) and young Pole Pole. The subsequent premature death of Pole Pole inLondon Zooled to McKenna and her husband to establish Zoo Check in 1984 with their eldest sonWill Travers.[13]Zoo Check was renamed Born Free Foundation in 1991. In 1984 McKenna was involved with a protest against the poor conditions atSouthampton Zoowhich was closed a year later.[14]

Later career

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McKenna occasionally acted in films, notablyWaterloo(1970),Swallows and Amazons(1974),The Gathering Storm(1974), andBeauty and the Beast(1976).

Onstage, in 1979 she won theOlivier Awardfor Best Actress in a British musical for her performance oppositeYul BrynnerinThe King and I.Over the years she appeared in more films but was also very active with television roles and on stage where she continues to make occasional appearances.

McKenna has been responsible for helping create and furnish theGavin MaxwellMuseum[15]onEilean Bàn,the last island home of Maxwell, an author andnaturalist,most famous for his bookRing of Bright Water.McKenna and husband Bill Travers starred in the1969 film adaptationof the book.

McKenna is still actively involved at Born Free Foundational as a Trustee.[16]

Honours

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McKenna was appointedOfficer of the Order of the British Empire(OBE) in the2004 New Year Honoursfor services to wildlife and the arts andDame Commander of the Order of the British Empire(DBE) in the2023 New Year Honoursfor services to wildlife conservation and wild animal welfare.[17][18]

Personal life

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McKenna was married for a few months in 1954 to actorDenholm Elliott,whom she met on the set ofThe Cruel Sea.Their marriage ended owing to his affairs with men.[19]In 1957, she married actorBill Travers,[20]to whom she remained married until his death in 1994. McKenna and Travers had four children together, one of whom isWill Travers.She is the grandmother of actressLily Travers.

In 1975, McKenna released an album of twelve songs calledTwo Faces of Love,which included two of her own compositions and a sung version of the poem "The Life That I Have"fromCarve Her Name with Pride.The record was released on the Gold Star label with two line drawings of McKenna by her sister-in-lawLinden Travers,but these were replaced by a photograph when the album was reissued on the Rim label in 1979.

McKenna's audiobook work includesThe Secret GardenbyFrances Hodgson Burnett,[21]and narration ofThe Lonely DollbyDare Wright.

McKenna is avegetarian.[22]She is a patron ofCinnamon Trust,a national charity that helps elderly people to keep their pets.[23]

McKenna's autobiography,The Life in My Years,was published byOberon Booksin March 2009.[24]

Filmography

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Year Film Role Notes
1952 Father's Doing Fine Catherine
The Second Mrs. Tanqueray Ellean Tanqueray
1953 The Cruel Sea Julie Hallam
The Oracle Shelagh
1955 Simba Mary Crawford
The Ship That Died of Shame Helen Randall
1956 A Town Like Alice Jean Paget BAFTA Award for Best British Actress
1957 The Barretts of Wimpole Street Henrietta Barrett
The Smallest Show on Earth Jean Spenser
1958 Carve Her Name with Pride Violette Szabo Nominated –BAFTA Award for Best British Actress
Passionate Summer Judy Waring akaStorm Over Jamaica
1959 The Wreck of the Mary Deare Janet Taggart
1961 Two Living, One Dead Helen Berger
1965 A Passage to India Adela Quested (TV)
1966 Born Free Joy Adamson Nominated –Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama
1969 Ring of Bright Water Mary MacKenzie
An Elephant Called Slowly Ginny
1970 Waterloo Duchess of Richmond
1972–1973 The Edwardians Daisy Greville, Countess of Warwick BBC Television miniseries
1974 Swallows and Amazons Mother
The Gathering Storm Clemmie Churchill (TV)
1975 Cheap in August: Shades of Green Mary Watson (TV)Thames Television Series
1975 Beauty and the Beast Lucy (TV)
1977 Holocaust 2000 Eva Caine
The Disappearance Catherine
1979 Julius Caesar Portia (BBC Television Shakespeare)
1982 Blood Link Woman in Ballroom
1992 The Camomile Lawn Older Polly (TV miniseries)
1994 Staggered Flora
1996 September Violet (TV)
1998 Sliding Doors James's Mother
2005 A Murder is Announced Belle Goedler
2010 Love/Loss Mary
2012 Leona Calderon Elderly British Lady [25]
2016 Golden Years Martha Goode
Ethel & Ernest[26] Lady of the House (voice)
2019 Widow's Walk Myrtle
2020 Wings Dora Short film

Non-fiction films

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  • The Lions are Freeis the real life continuation ofBorn Free.This film tells about what happened to the lions that were in the filmBorn Free.Bill Travers,who had starred with McKenna, wrote, produced and directed the film, along with James Hill, the director ofBorn Free.Travers and Hill went to a remote area inKenyato visit with the noted conservationistGeorge Adamson.The film has scenes of George and Bill interacting with lions who are living free.
  • Christian: The Lion at World's Endis a documentary (with a re-enaction sequence at the beginning) about the now-famous lion's journey from a London store to George Adamson's reserve in Kenya. Virginia McKenna and her husband,Bill Travers,had a chance meeting with Christian and his owners Ace Bourke and John Rendall. Through McKenna and Travers' connection with George Adamson, the lion was successfully brought to Africa and taught how to fend for himself.

Bibliography

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  • On Playing With Lions,(with Bill Travers) Collins, (1966)ISBN0-00-241607-7[27]
  • Some of My Friends Have Tails,Collins (1971)ISBN0-00-262752-3
  • Into the Blue,Aquarian Press, (1992)ISBN1-85538-254-7
  • Journey to Freedom,(with help fromWill Travers;illustrated by Nick Mountain) Templar (1997)ISBN1-898784-73-6.

Discography

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  • Two Faces of LoveLP, Gold Star 15-030, 1975. Reissued as Rim RIM 5001, 1979.
  • The Love That I Have (Violette)/Homage to Renoir45 rpm single, Sovereign SOV 125, 1974.
  • The Love That I Have/Send in the Clowns45 rpm single, RIM 002, 1979.

References

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  1. ^"Index entry".FreeBMD.ONS.Retrieved14 March2011.
  2. ^"The History of Born Free".bornfree.org.uk.Retrieved25 April2019.
  3. ^V&A, Theatre and Performance Special Collections, Elsie Fogerty Archive, THM/324
  4. ^"ON STAGE AND SCREEN".The Advertiser.Vol. 95, no. 29, 489. South Australia. 18 April 1953. p. 7.Retrieved25 September2017.
  5. ^ab"VIRGINIA McKENNA CAUSES SENSATION".Daily Mercury.Vol. 86, no. 275. Queensland, Australia. 17 November 1952. p. 14.Retrieved25 September2017.
  6. ^infotextmanuscripts.org:Criterion Programme, June 1953
  7. ^"ENGLISH OTERS GOBBLE AT THEIR FIRST T.V. POLL".The Argus.Victoria, Australia. 7 May 1955. p. 13.Retrieved25 September2017.
  8. ^"Filin Fan Fare".The Australian Women's Weekly.Vol. 23, no. 4. Australia. 22 June 1955. p. 31.Retrieved25 September2017.
  9. ^"Jack Buchanan may begin a new career".The Mail.Vol. 44, no. 2, 208. South Australia. 2 October 1954. p. 68.Retrieved25 September2017.
  10. ^"BRITISH FILMS MADE MOST MONEY: BOX-OFFICE SURVEY"The Manchester Guardian28 December 1956: 3
  11. ^The Most Popular Film Star In Britain. The Times (London, England), Friday, 7 December 1956; pg. 3
  12. ^Wiseman, Thomas (22 November 1956)."Mr Davis Takes on Hollywood".Nottingham Evening Post.p. 9.
  13. ^Gilchrist, Roderick (13 January 2011)."Virginia McKenna: freedom's deadly price".ISSN0307-1235.Retrieved16 January2020.
  14. ^Gale, Jez."The beasts that brought Southampton to life".Southern Daily Echo.Retrieved14 July2015.
  15. ^"Welcome to Eilean Bàn".eileanban.org.Retrieved8 April2019.
  16. ^"Meet our UK team".bornfree.org.uk.Archived fromthe originalon 3 December 2018.Retrieved25 April2019.
  17. ^"No. 63918".The London Gazette(Supplement). 31 December 2022. p. N9.
  18. ^Virginia McKenna: "My damehood belongs to those fighting to end animal suffering",The Herald(Glasgow). Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  19. ^Thornton, Michael."Virginia McKenna, her fiery marriage and the husband who cheated on her with a Moroccan gigolo".Ghana Nation.Retrieved23 April2013.
  20. ^"Bill travers weds actress".The New York Times.20 September 1957.ProQuest114348031.Library login required
  21. ^"The Secret Garden Audio Book Download for your iPod: download from Silksoundbooks".silksoundbooks.com.Retrieved26 June2019.
  22. ^"First Impressions: Virginia McKenna".lady.co.uk. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  23. ^"Companion animals and the elderly".cinnamon.org.uk. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  24. ^"The Life in My Years by Virginia McKenna".bloomsbury.com. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  25. ^"Leona Calderon".Archived fromthe originalon 20 February 2012.Retrieved27 March2012.
  26. ^"Voice Cast Announced".3 August 2015.
  27. ^"Bibliography – BooksFilmsMovies".fatheroflions.org.Retrieved26 June2019.
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