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Yogi Adityanath

For other uses, seeYogi (disambiguation).
"Adityanath" redirects here. For his cabinet, seeYogi Adityanath ministry.

Yogi Adityanath(bornAjay Mohan Singh Bisht;5 June 1972)[a]is an IndianHindumonk and politician, belonging to theBharatiya Janata Partywho has been serving as theChief Minister of Uttar Pradeshsince 19 March 2017. He is the longest serving chief minister ofUttar Pradesh,being in office for 7 years,[6]and the only UP chief minister to have two consecutive terms.[7]

Yogi Adityanath
Adityanath in 2023
21stChief Minister of Uttar Pradesh
Incumbent
Assumed office
19 March 2017
GovernorRam Naik
Anandiben Patel(incumbent)
DeputyBrajesh Pathak
(2022–present)
Keshav Prasad Maurya
(2017–present)
Dinesh Sharma
(2017–2022)
Departments
  • Home and Confidential
  • Appointment and Personal
  • General Administration
  • Cabinet Affairs
  • Information and Public Relations
  • Housing
  • Revenue
  • Mining and Geology
  • Institutional Finance
  • Planning
  • Programme Implementation
  • Relief and Rehabilitation
  • Protocol
  • Sainik Welfare
  • Prantiya Raksha Dal
  • Civil Aviation
  • Law
  • Food Security and Drug Administration
  • Other departments not allotted to any minister
Preceded byAkhilesh Yadav
MemberofUttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly
Incumbent
Assumed office
10 March 2022
Preceded byRadha Mohan Das Agarwal
ConstituencyGorakhpur Urban
Majority1,03,390
MemberofUttar Pradesh Legislative Council
In office
18 September 2017 – 22 March 2022
Preceded byYashwant Singh
Succeeded byDaya Shankar Mishra
Constituencyelected byLegislative Assembly members
Member of Parliament,Lok Sabha
In office
5 October 1998 – 21 September 2017
Preceded byMahant Avaidyanath
Succeeded byPraveen Kumar Nishad
ConstituencyGorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
Personal details
Born
Ajay Mohan Singh Bisht

(1972-06-05)5 June 1972(age 52)
Panchur,Uttar Pradesh,India (present-dayUttarakhand)
Political partyBharatiya Janata Party
Residence5, Kalidas Marg, Lucknow
Alma materHemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University(BSc,Mathematics)
Occupation
  • Politician
  • monk
Cabinet
WebsiteOfficial Website
Personal
ReligionHinduism
DenominationShaivism
SchoolYoga
LineageGuru Gorakhnath
SectNath Sampradaya
Organization
TempleGorakhnath Math
Religious career
GuruMahant Avaidyanath
Period in office2014–present
PredecessorMahant Avaidyanath
Ordination12 September 2014
PostMahant

Previously, Adityanath served as amember of India's parliamentfor almost two decades, from 1998 until 2017. At the age of 26, he became one of the youngest Indian parliamentarians in 1998 and went on to win the next five consecutive terms fromGorakhpur (Lok Sabha Constituency).[1][8]In 2017, he moved from central to the UP state politics and was elected as theChief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.[9]Initially, in 2017, he became a member of the UPlegislative council.Subsequently, in 2022, he became a member of the statelegislative assembly,having won the election fromGorakhpur Urban (assembly constituency).[10]

Adityanath is also themahant(head priest) of theGorakhnath Math,a Hindu monastery inGorakhpur,a position he has held since September 2014 following the death ofMahant Avaidyanath,his spiritual Guru.[11][12][13]He foundedHindu Yuva Vahini,a now defunct[14]Hindu nationalist organisation.[15][16]He has an image of aHindutva nationalistand asocial conservative.[2][17][18][19]Adityanath was placed 5th in 2023 and 6th in 2024 on the list of India's most Powerful Personalities, conducted byThe Indian Express.[20][21]

Early life and education

Yogi Adityanath was born as Ajay Mohan Singh Bisht on 5 June 1972 in the village of Panchur, inPauri Garhwal,Uttar Pradesh(now inUttarakhand) in aGarhwaliRajputfamily.[2][3][22][23][24]His late father, Anand Singh Bisht, was aforest ranger.[b]He was the second born in the family, among four brothers and three sisters.[27]He completed hisbachelor's degreein mathematics from theHemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal UniversityinUttarakhand.[28][29]

He left his home around the 1990s to join the AyodhyaRam temple movement.Around that time, he also became a disciple ofMahant Avaidyanath,the chief of theGorakhnath Math.[28]Mahant Avaidyanath was leading the Ayodhya Ram temple movement at that time. While based inGorakhpurafter his initiation, Adityanath has often visited his ancestral village, establishing a school there in 1998.[27]

Adityanath was promoted to the rank ofMahantor high priest of the Gorakhnath Math after the death of Avaidyanath on 12 September 2014. He was madePeethadhishwar(Head Seer) of the Math amid traditional rituals of theNathsect two days later.[30]

Early political career

Adityanath belongs to a specific tradition ofHindutvapolitics inUttar Pradeshthat can be traced back to the MahantDigvijay Nath,who led the placing of idols in theBabri MasjidinAyodhyaon 22 December 1949.[31][32]Both Digvijay Nath and his successor Avaidyanath belonged to theHindu Mahasabhaand were elected to the Parliament on that party's ticket. After the BJP and theSangh Parivarjoined theAyodhya movementin the 1980s, the two strands of Hindu nationalism came together. Avaidyanath switched to the BJP in 1991, but nevertheless maintained significant autonomy. Four years after Adityanath was designated Avaidyanath's successor, he was elected to the Lower House of the Indian Parliament (theLok Sabha).[31]

After his first electoral win, Adityanath started his own youth organisationHindu Yuva Vahini,which came to be known for its activities ineastern Uttar Pradeshand was instrumental in Adityanath's meteoric rise. There have been recurrent tensions between Adityanath and the BJP leadership over the allocating election tickets. However, the BJP has not let the tensions mount because Adityanath has served as a star campaigner for the party.[31][33][34]

In 2006, he took up links betweenNepali Maoistsand Indian Leftist parties as a key campaign issue and encouragedMadhesileaders to oppose Maoism in Nepal.[15][35]In 2008, his convoy was reportedly attacked while en route toAzamgarhfor an anti-terrorism rally. The attack left one person dead and at least six persons injured.[36][37]

In January 2007, Adityanath along with other BJP leaders had gathered to mourn the death of a man who was killed because of religious violence. He and his supporters were subsequently arrested by the police and lodged in Gorakhpur jail on the charges of disturbing peace and violating prohibitory orders. His arrest led to further unrest during which several coaches of theMumbaibound Mumbai–Gorakhpur Godan Express were burnt, allegedly by protestingHindu Yuva Vahiniactivists.[38][39][40]The day after the arrest, the District Magistrate and the local police chief were transferred and replaced.[41]

Member of Parliament

When elected to the12th Lok Sabhaat the age of 26, Adityanath was its youngest member. He was elected to the Parliament fromGorakhpurfor five consecutive terms (in 1998, 1999, 2004, 2009, and 2014 elections).[1][8]

Adityanath's attendance in Lok Sabha was 77% and he asked 284 questions, participated in 56 debates and introduced three private member Bills in the16th Lok Sabha.[42]

It is said that Adityanath once stated: "If one Hindu girl marries a Muslim man, then we will take 100 Muslim girls in return... If they kill one Hindu man, then we will kill 100 Muslim men."[43][44]

Relations with the BJP

In 1998, Yogi Adityanath was elected to the Indian Parliament after joining the BJP;[31]however, there were reports of his strained relations with the state BJP leaders.[45]It has also been alleged that he often derided and criticised the dilution of the Hindutva ideology by the BJP in the 1990s and early 2000s.[46]Having established his independent power base in EasternUttar Pradesh,with the support of the Hindu Yuva Vahini and the Gorakhnath Math, he felt confident to be able to dictate terms to the BJP.[47]When his voice was not heard, he revolted by fielding candidates against the official BJP candidates. The most prominent example was the fielding ofRadha Mohan Das Agarwalfrom Gorakhpur on a Hindu Mahasabha ticket in 2002, who then defeated BJP Cabinet minister,Shiv Pratap Shuklaby a wide margin.[46]In 2007, Adityanath threatened to field 70 candidates for the state assembly against the BJP candidates. But he reached a compromise in the end.[48][49][50]In the 2009 Parliamentary elections, Adityanath was rumoured to have campaigned against the BJP candidates who were then defeated.[46]

Despite his periodic revolts, Adityanath has been kept in good humour by the RSS and the BJP leaders. The deputy prime ministerL. K. Advani,the RSS chiefRajendra Singhand the VHP chiefAshok Singhalhave visited him in Gorakhpur. During 22–24 December 2006, Adityanath organised a three-dayVirat Hindu Mahasammelanat Gorakhpur at the same time as the BJP National Executive Meet inLucknow.Despite the conflict, several RSS and VHP leaders attended theMahasammelan,which issued a commitment to pursue the Hindutva goals despite the BJP's claimed "abandonment" of them.[46][51]

In March 2010, he was among the few BJP leaders, who pushed for a discussion in the party on the women's quota issue, following Gopinath Munde's advocacy for OBC sub-quota within theWomen's Reservation Bill.[52][53]

In 2018, Adityanath supported and campaigned for fellow Hindu monk and BJP candidatePratap Puriji Maharaj,the head of the Taratara math, in the Rajasthan state assembly election.[54]

Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (2017–present)

Prime MinisterNarendra Modiand otherBharatiya Janata Partyleaders at the swearing-in ceremony of Yogi Adityanath

Adityanath was a prominent campaigner for the BJP in the2017 assembly electionsin the state ofUttar Pradesh.Thestate governmentappointed him as aChief Ministeron 18 March 2017;[2]he was sworn in the next day, after the BJP won the assembly elections.[55][56][57]

Ministry allocation

Main article:First Yogi Adityanath ministry

After becoming the chief minister of Uttar Pradesh, Adityanath kept around 36 ministries under his direct control, includingHome,Housing, Town and country planning department,Revenue,Food and Civil Supplies,Food Security and drug administration, Economics and Statistics, Mines and Minerals, Flood control, Stamp and registry, Prison, General administration, Secretariat administration, Vigilance,Personnel and appointment,Information, Institutional finance, Planning, Estate department, Urban land, UP state reorganisation committee, Administration reforms, Programme implementation, National integration, Infrastructure, Coordination, Language, External aided project, Relief and Rehabilitation, Public Service Management, Rent Control, Consumer protection and Weights and measures.[58][59]

In his first cabinet meeting, held on 4 April 2017, the decision was taken toforgive loansto nearly 87lakh(8,700,000) small and marginal farmers of Uttar Pradesh, amounting to₹363.59 billion(US$4.4 billion).[60][61]ForIndia's Independence Daycelebrations in 2017, his government singled out Muslim religious schools, requiring them to provide video evidence that their students had sung the Indian national anthem.[62]

Law and order

See also:Bulldozer politics

In 2017, his government ordered the withdrawal of around 20,000 "politically motivated" cases, including those against himself and other politicians.[63]

Adityanath ordered the forming ofquasi-vigilante anti- "romeo"squads.[64]He imposed a blanket ban oncow-smugglingand a stay onUPPSCcivil service exam results, exams and interviews until further order.[65]He imposed a ban on thevicesof tobacco,paanandgutkain government offices across the state, and compelled officials to pledge to devote 100 hours every year for theSwachh Bharat Mission.[66]More than 100 "black sheep"policemen were suspended by theUttar Pradesh police.[67]

Since 2017, Adityanath had ordered the closing of many slaughterhouses. As a direct consequence, the tanneries that sourced raw leather from the slaughterhouses were impacted. Several tanneries were also ordered to be shut down. The tannery industry was estimated to be worth 50,0000 crore ₹ in 2017. The industry directly or indirectly gave employment to more than 10 lakh people. Since 2018, through executive orders, Adityanath had closed around 200 tanneries out of more than 400 that were active in Jajamau, Kanpur.[68]

In the first 10 months of his first term, he conducted fourpolice encountersper day.[69]National human rights commissionissued a notice to the state government and a bench of three judges from theSupreme Court of Indiawarned and issued notice to theUttar Pradesh governmentin this case.[70][71]

Committee Against Assault on Journalists found that 138 cases of persecution of journalists were registered under Adityanath's term in Uttar Pradesh between 2017 and February 2022.[72]

After theCitizenship Amendment Act protests in Uttar Pradesh,he put up hoardings with names, photographs and addresses of protestors. Only after the order of theHigh Court,which called his government's action "shameless" and an "unwarranted interference in privacy", the posters were removed.[73][74]

Yogi Adityanath along with Prime MinisterNarendra ModiandMoon Jae-in,President of South Korea,inaugurating the Samsung manufacturing plant, the world's largest smartphone manufacturing factory, inNoida,Uttar Pradesh

Infrastructure development

In July 2018, Adityanath, along with Prime MinisterNarendra ModiandMoon Jae-in,president of South Korea,inaugurated the world's largest smartphone manufacturing factory inNoida,Uttar Pradesh.[75]His government was credited for making 50 megawatts of power and a 22-kilometre-long (14 mi) electricity line in a record four months for the Samsung mobile plant.[76][77]

Narendra Modi,Yogi Adityanath,Mohan Bhagwatand Nrityagopal Das unveiling the plaque to lay the foundation stone ofRam Janmabhoomi Mandir,in Ayodhya on 5 August 2020

In November 2019, the government along with the Ministry of Defense laid the foundation stone of the Defence Industrial Corridor project in Jhansi.[78]Adityanath held consultations with private firms in order to increase private investment in the defence corridor project.[79]

TheNew York Timesrelayed analysts' estimations of Adityanath as a candidate forPrime Minister of Indiain 2024, provided he "delivers on some fronts"[which?].[80]In August 2020,India Today's"Mood of the nation" survey showed Adityanath as the best-performing chief minister in India.[81]

Ordinance and bills

In September 2020, Adityanath asked his government to devise a strategy to prevent "religious conversions in the name of love",and even considered passing an ordinance for the same if needed.[82][83]On 31 October, Adityanath announced that aProhibition of Unlawful Religious Conversion Ordinance, 2020to curb "Love Jihad"[c]would be passed by his government.

TheUttar Pradesh state cabinetcleared Adityanath's ordinance on 24 November 2020. following which it was approved and signed by state GovernorAnandiben Patelon 28 November 2020.[85][86]

In July 2021, Adityanath introduced the UP population control draft bill 2021–2030. On the event ofWorld Population Day,the chief minister unveiled the policy on reducing population growth for the forthcoming years. There were also several benefits announced based on the laid single-child and two-child policies.[87]He said the state population policy focused on efforts to increase the accessibility of contraceptive measures issued under the Family Planning Programme and provide a proper system for safe abortion.[88]This policy also received lots of reactions and criticisms from other political parties. It was said that this policy mainly focused on the upcoming general elections in the state. The oppositionCongressin the state has called it a "political agenda" and the Samajwadi Party said it is "murder of democracy".[89][90]

Second term (2022–present)

Main article:Second Yogi Adityanath ministry

On 10 March 2022, with the announcement of the legislative assembly results, the BJP-ledNDAalliance secured 273 seats with Adityanath winning his second term. He and his party wrote history, being the first chief minister to return to power after completing a full 5-year term in office. The BJP is also the first party to return to power consecutively after 37 years.[91][92]He was only the third chief minister, in Uttar Pradesh's political history to complete a full 5-year term as the chief minister of the state afterMayawatiofBSPandAkhilesh Yadavbelonging to theSamajwadi Party.[92]

In the buildup to the assembly elections, Adityanath successfully used a campaign with a bulldozer as its main image, earning him the nickname "Bulldozer Baba".[93][94]The term had initially been used as a taunt by an opposition party.[95]His speeches during the polls included hate speeches against Muslims, promoting religious polarisation and Hindu supremacy. Further, his speeches included the idea that the rights of Hindus are at odds with that of Muslims, where he repeatedly conflated Muslims with terrorists and criminals, and the opposition parties as appeasers of Muslims.[96]He is seen as a potential successor of Prime Minister Modi by a large group of Hindu Nationalists across the country.[97][98]

Allegations and criticism

Concerns were raised for alleged maladministration in the appointments and recruitment of candidates to various departments of government. The opposition leaders fromSamajwadi Partyas well as BJP's own allies likeAnupriya Patelcriticised the Yogi government time and again for sabotaging the right ofOther Backward CastesandDalits.In a letter written to Uttar Pradesh government, Patel alleged that the appointment authorities under Adityanath government are labelling the OBC and SC, ST candidates as ineligible for appointment in the interview based appointment process to various departments of government.[99]

The criticism also came from within the party and in 2023, Deputy Chief MinisterKeshav Prasad Mauryawrote to the Appointment and Personnel department to publish the data of selection of candidates belonging to OBC, SC and ST communities to various departments of government.[100]

Yogi Adityanath government was also criticised for malpractices in appointment of 69,000 teachers in state sponsored schools of Uttar Pradesh. Many candidates alleged that despite securing more marks thangeneral castecandidates, they were placed in reserved quota and allotted the seats meant for reserved quota candidates, thus reducing their overall representation and increasing the representation of candidates belonging to general castes. In a reply inUttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly,Adityanath government later admitted that mismanagement has taken place in the appointments, which was followed by subsequent decrees ofAllahabad High Courton reviewing the result and republishing it after considering the quota rules properly.[101][102]

Bibliography

  • Haṭhayoga svarūpa evam sādhanā,Gorakhapura: Śrī Gorakshanātha Mandira, 2007, 148 p.OnHatha yoga.
  • Adityanath, Yogi (2019).Rājayoga: svarūpa evaṃ sādhanā.Dillī.ISBN978-93-5322-406-6.OCLC1102086331.Archivedfrom the original on 17 February 2022.Retrieved15 November2020.{{cite book}}:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

See also

Notes

  1. ^Date of Birth is 5 June 1972,[1]birth name - some sources state the name as "Ajay Mohan Bisht",[2][3]while some as "Ajay Singh Bisht"[4][5]
  2. ^Anand Singh Bisht died on 20 April 2020 inAIIMS Hospital New Delhi.[25][26][27]
  3. ^As of November 2020,Love Jihadis a term not recognised by the Indian legal system.[84]

References

Citations

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Sources

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Lok Sabha
Preceded by Member of Parliament
forGorakhpur
1998–2017 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh
19 March 2017 – Present 		Succeeded by
Incumbent
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