Wikipedia

Dartmouth, Nova Scotia

(Redirected from Dartmouth, NS)

Dartmouth (/ˈdɑːrtməθ/ DART-məth) (Scottish-Gaelic: Baile nan Loch) is a built-up community of Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. Located on the eastern shore of Halifax Harbour, Dartmouth has 101,343 residents as of 2024.

Dartmouth
Downtown Dartmouth skyline in 2024
Downtown Dartmouth skyline in 2024
Nicknames: 
City of Lakes, "The Darkside"[1]
Location of Dartmouth, shown in red
Location of Dartmouth, shown in red
Dartmouth is located in Nova Scotia
Dartmouth
Dartmouth
Location of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia
Dartmouth is located in Canada
Dartmouth
Dartmouth
Dartmouth (Canada)
Coordinates: 44°40′0″N 63°34′0″W / 44.66667°N 63.56667°W / 44.66667; -63.56667
CountryCanada
ProvinceNova Scotia
MunicipalityHalifax
Founded1750
Incorporated CityJanuary 1, 1961
Amalgamated with HalifaxApril 1, 1996
NeighbourhoodsAlbro Lake, Bell Ayr Park, Brightwood, Burnside, Commodore Park, Crichton Park, Crystal Heights, Downtown Dartmouth, Ellenvale, Grahams Corner, Greenough Settlement, Harbourview, Highfield Park, Imperoyal, Keystone Village, Lancaster Ridge, Manor Park, Montebello, Nantucket, Port Wallace, Portland Estates, Portland Hills, Shannon Park, Southdale, Tam O'Shanter Ridge, Tufts Cove, Wallace Heights, Woodlawn, Woodside
Government
 • Governing BodyHalifax Regional Council
 • Community CouncilHarbour East - Marine Drive Community Council
 • Districts3 - Dartmouth South - Eastern Passage

5 - Dartmouth Centre

6 - Harbourview - Burnside - Dartmouth East
Area
 • Total
60.339 km2 (23.297 sq mi)
Highest elevation
113 m (371 ft)
Lowest elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2021)[2]
 • Total
72,139
 • Density1,195/km2 (3,100/sq mi)
DemonymDartmouthian
Time zoneUTC−04:00 (AST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−03:00 (ADT)
Postal code span
B2V to B2Z, B3A-B
Area code902
Telephone Exchanges433-5, 460-6, 468-9, 481
NTS Map11D12 Halifax
GNBC CodeCAIYJ[3]
Part of a series about Places in Nova Scotia

History

edit
Main articles: History of Dartmouth and History of the Halifax Regional Municipality
 
Alderney Landing, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia

18th century

edit

Father Le Loutre's War began when Edward Cornwallis arrived to establish Halifax with 13 transports on June 21, 1749.[4] By unilaterally establishing Halifax, the British were violating earlier treaties with the Miꞌkmaq (1726), which were signed after Father Rale's War.[5] The British quickly began to build other settlements. To guard against Miꞌkmaq, Acadian, and French attacks on the new Protestant settlements, British fortifications were erected in Halifax (1749), Dartmouth (1750), Bedford (Fort Sackville) (1751), Lunenburg (1753), and Lawrencetown (1754).

In 1750, the sailing ship Alderney arrived with 151 immigrants. Municipal officials at Halifax decided that these new arrivals should be settled on the eastern side of Halifax Harbour. During the early years, eight Acadian and Miꞌkmaq raids were made on the new British settlement, such as the Raid on Dartmouth (1751).

The original settlement was made in an area the Miꞌkmaq called Ponamogoatitjg[6] (Boonamoogwaddy), which has been varyingly translated as "Tomcod Ground" or "Salmon Place" in reference to the fish that were presumably caught in this part of Halifax Harbour. The community was later given the English name of Dartmouth in honour of William Legge, 1st Earl of Dartmouth, who was a former secretary of state. By 1752, 53 families consisting of 193 people lived in the community.

The oldest structure in Dartmouth is the house of William Ray, a Quaker and cooper[7] from Nantucket who moved to Dartmouth in 1785-86 as a whaler. Its materials and construction methods closely resemble Quaker architecture in Nantucket, such as the asymmetrical façade design and stone foundation.[8] It is located at 59 Ochterloney Street, and is believed to have been built around 1785 or 1786. Today, it is a museum, furnished as a typical modest dwelling of a merchant of that time.[8][9]

19th century

edit

Dartmouth was initially a sawmill and agricultural outpost of Halifax. In the mid-19th century, though, it grew, first with the construction of the Shubenacadie Canal and more importantly with the rise of successful industrial firms such as the Dartmouth Marine Slips, the Starr Manufacturing Company, and the Stairs Ropeworks.

In 1873, Dartmouth was incorporated as a town, and a town hall was established in 1877.

20th century

edit

In 1955, the town was permanently linked to Halifax by the Angus L. Macdonald Bridge, which led to rapid urban growth.

Dartmouth's city hall was built in the early 1960s on the waterfront adjacent to the Alderney Ferry Terminal. The building was declared surplus and sold to Starfish Properties, and was to be redeveloped.[10]

On 1 January 1961, the Town of Dartmouth officially amalgamated with several neighbouring villages into the City of Dartmouth.

The A. Murray MacKay Bridge opened in 1970, furthering commercial and residential growth.

The Dartmouth General Hospital officially opened on 14 January 1977, at 325 Pleasant Street. The hospital provides care to a catchment area of approximately 120,000 people.[11]

On April 1, 1996, the provincial government amalgamated all the municipalities within the boundaries of Halifax County into a single-tier regional government named the Halifax Regional Municipality (HRM). Dartmouth and its neighbouring city of Halifax, the town of Bedford and the Municipality of the County of Halifax were dissolved. The city of Dartmouth forms part of the urban core of the larger regional municipality and is officially designated as part of the "capital district" by the Halifax Regional Municipality. At the time that the City of Dartmouth was dissolved, the provincial government altered its status to a separate community to Halifax; however, its status as part of the metropolitan "Halifax" urban core existed prior to municipal reorganization in 1996.

Dartmouth is still an official geographic name that is used by all levels of government for legal purposes, postal service, mapping, 9-1-1 emergency response, municipal planning, and is recognized by the Halifax Regional Municipality as a civic addressing community. The official place name did not change, due to the confusion with similar street names, land use planning set out by the former "City of Dartmouth", and significant public pressure. Today the same development planning for Downtown Dartmouth and the rest of the region is still in force, as well as specific bylaws created prior to April 1, 1996.

Geography

edit
 
Display on Dartmouth waterfront, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.

Dartmouth covers 60.339 km2 (23.297 sq mi).[12]

Dartmouth boasts twenty-three lakes within its boundaries, Dartmouthians take pride in the chain of lakes within the community boundaries that form part of the Shubenacadie Canal. Most famous amongst these is Lake Banook, which provides an excellent location for recreation and attractive vistas. Dartmouth's most historic body of water is the artificial Sullivan's Pond, located north-east of the downtown area on Ochterloney Street. It was dug in the 1830s as part of the Shubenacadie Canal to connect Halifax Harbour with Cobequid Bay on the Bay of Fundy.

Neighbourhood Land area Notes References
Albro Lake 147 ha (360 acres) [13]
Austenville 29 ha (72 acres) [14]
Bel Ayr Park 120 ha (300 acres) [15]
Brightwood
Burnside 1,376 ha (3,400 acres) [16]
Commodore Park
Cranberry
Crichton Park 131 ha (320 acres) [17]
Crystal Heights
Dartmouth Crossing 207 ha (510 acres) [18]
Downtown 36 ha (89 acres) [19]
Ellenvale 81 ha (200 acres) [20]
Graham's Corner 84 ha (210 acres) [21]
Greenough Settlement
Harbourview 15 ha (37 acres) [22]
Hawthorne 32 ha (79 acres) [23]
Highfield Park 43 ha (110 acres) [24]
Imperoyal
Lakefront 11 ha (27 acres) [25]
Manor Park 54 ha (130 acres) [26]
Montebello
Nantucket
Notting Park
Park Avenue 25 ha (62 acres) [27]
Port Wallace
Portland Estates 85 ha (210 acres) [28]
Portland Hills 133 ha (330 acres) [29]
Russell Lake West 251 ha (620 acres) [30]
Shannon Park 34.8 ha (86 acres) [31]
Southdale
Tam O'Shanter 60 ha (150 acres) [32]
Tuft's Cove 76 ha (190 acres) [33]
Wallace Heights
Westphal 77 ha (190 acres) [34]
Wildwood Lake 98 ha (240 acres) [35]
Woodlawn 114 ha (280 acres) [36]
Woodside 528 ha (1,300 acres) [37]
 
Map of Burnside Park.

Government

edit

Dartmouth is represented municipally in Halifax Regional Council by these three districts:

  • District 3: Dartmouth South - Eastern Passage
  • District 5: Dartmouth Centre
  • District 6: Harbourview - Burnside - Dartmouth East[38]

The community council that represents Dartmouth is the Harbour East - Marine Drive Community Council. The community council is held in various locations on the first Thursday of every month.

Economy

edit

Past

edit

In the early nineteenth century, there was a molasses plant.[39] John P. Mott & Co. was established by John Prescott Mott sometime in 1844, and they made soap as well as other products.

On 11 June 1963, Prince Bertil inaugurated the Volvo Halifax Assembly factory in Dartmouth. Between 1963 and 1998, the plant built almost 350,000 cars.[40]

Dartmouth also had the first IKEA store in Canada and the Americas, which operated between 1975 and 1988.[41][42] IKEA returned to Dartmouth in 2017 in a new location, billed as IKEA Halifax.[43]

Present day

edit

Dartmouth is a economically diverse community. The community has the Burnside Business Park, Dartmouth Crossing, and many other small business dotted throughout the community.

Infrastructure

edit

Communications

edit
 
Halifax skyline from Dartmouth

Transportation

edit
 
Ferry running between Halifax and Dartmouth, docked at Dartmouth Ferry Terminal.

Dartmouth is linked to Halifax by the oldest continuously operating saltwater ferry service in North America with the first crossing having taken place in 1752. Early ferries were powered by horses, which were replaced with steam engines in 1830. During the early 20th century, ferries shuttled pedestrians and vehicles between the downtown areas of Halifax and Dartmouth.

A railway trestle was built across Halifax Harbour in the late 19th century to bring rail service to Dartmouth, but it was destroyed by a storm, requiring the present railway connection built around Bedford Basin.

During the early 1950s, construction began on the Angus L. Macdonald Bridge, a suspension bridge crossing Halifax Harbour. It opened in 1955, ushering in an unprecedented development boom in Dartmouth. New subdivisions, shopping centres, office buildings, and industrial parks have been built in recent decades. A second bridge, the A. Murray MacKay Bridge, was opened in 1970 and the Highway 111 Circumferential Highway was built around Dartmouth to Woodside at this time.

Demographics

edit

The community of Dartmouth is coterminous with the former City of Dartmouth. After 1 April 1996, the former city was turned into a community of the Halifax Regional Municipality. The former city (and current community) consists of census tracts 2050100.00 to 2050114.00.[44] As of 2021, the community has over 72,000 people within its boundaries.

Census Tract Land area (km2) 2021 population[45] 2016 population[46] 2021 population Density (people per km2) Population change (%)
2050100.00 5.84 4,352 3,855 745  12.89
2050101.00 1.672 3,476 3,343 2,078  3.97
2050102.00 1.32 4,979 4,623 3,771  7.7
2050103.00 1.893 4,281 4,228 2,261  1.25
2050104.01 1.245 1,976 2,015 1,587  1.98
2050104.03 2.345 3,116 2,943 1,328  5.87
2050104.04 1 2,628 2,549 2,628  3.09
2050104.05 1.5 2,862 3,030 1,908  5.55
2050105.01 1.191 3,129 3,082 2,627  1.52
2050105.02 2.107 4,569 4,613 2,168  0.96
2050106.01 1.56 3,758 3,538 2,408  6.21
2050106.02 8.962 5,117 5,106 570  0.21
2050107.00 1.538 3,166 3,000 2,058  5.53
2050108.00 2.269 4,859 4,769 2,141  1.88
2050109.00 1.267 3,316 3,200 2,617  3.62
2050110.00 0.805 1,819 1,481 2,259  22.82
2050111.00 0.971 3,328 3,132 3,427  6.25
2050112.00 1.646 2,505 2,014 1,521  24.37
2050113.00 3.052 1,397 1,317 457  6.07
2050114.00 18.156 7,506 6,569 413  14.26
Total 60.339 72,139 68,407 1,195  5.45
Historical population
YearPop.±%
176210—    
18813,786+37760.0%
18916,252+65.1%
19014,806−23.1%
19115,058+5.2%
19217,899+56.2%
19319,100+15.2%
194110,847+19.2%
195115,037+38.6%
196146,966+212.3%
198162,333+32.7%
198665,243+4.7%
199167,798+3.9%
199665,629−3.2%
200165,741+0.2%
2011n/a—    
201668,407—    
202172,139+5.5%
[47][48][49][50][51][52] Population figures reflect the 1961 amalgamation.

Military

edit

Dartmouth has been home to several Canadian Forces installations:

  • CFB Shearwater, located on the southern border of Dartmouth, is an air force base, formerly known as Naval Air Station Halifax, RCAF Station Dartmouth, RCAF Station Shearwater, HMCS Shearwater, and RCNAS Shearwater.
  • HMC Naval Radio Station Albro Lake is a radio transmitter/receiver facility.
  • CFB Halifax adjunct is an area on the Dartmouth waterfront opposite HMC Dockyard.
  • Wallace Heights is a former military housing area in north-end Dartmouth.
  • Shannon Park is an unused military housing area in north-end Dartmouth.
  • Canadian Forces Ammunition Depot Bedford is a munitions magazine for Maritime Forces Atlantic, located on the border between Dartmouth and Bedford.

Culture

edit

Events

edit

Dartmouth celebrates a number of festivals throughout the year, including the Ice Festival in January, Dart Music Fest in May, the Maritime Fiddle Festival in July, and the Christkindlemarket in December.[53]

Natal Day

edit

Dartmouthians celebrate a civic holiday known as Natal Day since August 1895. The concept originated as a means to celebrate the arrival of the railway, but construction of the railway tracks was incomplete on the appointed day. Since all the preparations for the festivities were ready, organizers decided to go ahead with a celebration of the municipality's birthday instead.

In 1941, the Dartmouth Natal Committee decided to erect a cairn in honour of the spirit and courage of the first English settlers to Dartmouth's shore. It is situated in Leighton Dillman Park, part of the common lands left to the community by the Quakers, and it overlooks the harbour where the first settlers built their homes. The monument stands 3 m (9.8 ft) high and is constructed from rocks gathered on Martinique Beach. A plaque in front of the cairn is inscribed and describes the arrival of the Alderney "on August 12, 1750 with 353 settlers."

Sports

edit

The community hosted the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in 1997, 2009, and 2022. Dartmouth co-hosted the initial Canada Summer Games in 1969.

Media

edit

Diggstown is filmed in and around Dartmouth.

The television show Trailer Park Boys was set in a fictional Dartmouth trailer park and was filmed in Dartmouth and its environs. The show featured actors (such as Robb Wells) and writers from Dartmouth. A documentary film about the creation and production of the Trailer Park Boys series is entitled Hearts of Dartmouth.

Symbols

edit
 
The City of Dartmouth Seal, located on a police badge.
 
Flag of the former City of Dartmouth

With twenty-three lakes within the community, Dartmouth is nicknamed The City of Lakes. Dartmouth's community flower is the orchid, and its latin motto is Amicitia Crescimus, which is located on its community crest.

Ties

edit

Before the 1996 amalgamation, Dartmouth was Halifax's sister city.

Notable people

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "JOHN DeMONT: Something's blooming on the Darkside - Local Xpress". Archived from the original on 2016-08-08. Retrieved 2016-06-19.
  2. ^ "2001 Census Profile: Dartmouth, Nova Scotia". Statistics Canada. Retrieved February 20, 2020.
  3. ^ "Dartmouth". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
  4. ^ Grenier, John. The Far Reaches of Empire. War in Nova Scotia, 1710-1760. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 2008; Thomas Beamish Akins. History of Halifax, Brookhouse Press. 1895. (2002 edition). p 7
  5. ^ Wicken (2002), p. 181; Griffith, p. 390; Also see "Northeast Archaeological Research --". northeastarch. Archived from the original on 2013-05-14. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
  6. ^ Wicken, William C. (2002). Mi'kmaq Treaties on Trial: History, Land and Donald Marshall Junior. University of Toronto Press. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-8020-7665-6.
  7. ^ "HistoricPlaces.ca - HistoricPlaces.ca". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  8. ^ a b Dartmouth Heritage Museum
  9. ^ Historic Places Canada
  10. ^ "SaltWire | Halifax".
  11. ^ "Dartmouth General Hospital". Nova Scotia Health. Nova Scotia Health Authority. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
  12. ^ "Electronic Area Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. 29 October 1998. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  13. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  14. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  15. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  16. ^ "Burnside Industrial Park". halifax.ca. Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  17. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  18. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  19. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  20. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  21. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  22. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  23. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  24. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  25. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  26. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  27. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  28. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  29. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  30. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  31. ^ "Shannon Park". Canada Lands Company. 20 November 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  32. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  33. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  34. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  35. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  36. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  37. ^ "Halifax Regional Municipality Urban Forest Master Plan" (PDF). halifax.ca. Dalhousie University, Government of the Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  38. ^ "Districts and Councillors". Halifax Regional Municipality. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  39. ^ Shannon Baxter. "Tales of Mott's Chocolate" (PDF). Dartmouth Heritage Museum Society. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  40. ^ "Production". volvoamazonpictures.se. Dartmouth and Halifax, Canada. Retrieved 20 May 2023.
  41. ^ "Company news: IKEA". The Globe and Mail. 11 March 1988. p. B8. North America's first IKEA store is closing. The Swedish furniture chain, whose Dartmouth, N.S., store opened in 1975, said it is shutting the doors on the store and warehouse in six months, putting 50 people out of work.
  42. ^ "For the love of Ikea". Toronto Star. Aug 3, 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  43. ^ "4,000 customers line up for Ikea Halifax grand opening". CBCNews.ca. September 27, 2017. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  44. ^ Statistics Canada (1984). "Metropolitan atlas series, Halifax = Série d'atlas métropolitains, Halifax". Internet Archive. Statistics Canada. p. 44. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  45. ^ "Census 2021 Census Tracts". HRM Open Data. Government of the Municipality of Halifax. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
  46. ^ "Census 2016 Census Tracts". HRM Open Data. Government of the Municipality of Halifax. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
  47. ^ 1762 Census
  48. ^ 104.pdf Archived April 23, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Canada Year Book 1932
  49. ^ 140.pdf Archived January 14, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Canada Year Book 1955
  50. ^ "Canada Year Book 1967" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-23. Retrieved 2014-08-30., Canada Year Book 1967
  51. ^ http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census96/data/profiles/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=1&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=35782&PRID=0&PTYPE=3&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=1996&THEME=34&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF= , 1996 Census of Canada: Electronic Area Profiles
  52. ^ http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1209022&Geo2=PR&Code2=12&Data=Count&SearchText=Dartmouth&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= Archived 2020-08-13 at the Wayback Machine , 2001 Community Profiles
  53. ^ "Nova Scotia Tourism, Downtown Dartmouth Ice Festival. Retrieved 17 November 2023".
  54. ^ "Arnie Patterson: Trudeau, rock 'n' roll and the Springhill Mine Disaster". The Globe and Mail. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 2014-04-26.
edit
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
 
Wikisource has the text of the 1920 Encyclopedia Americana article Dartmouth.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dartmouth,_Nova_Scotia&oldid=1259513437"