Nimshi (Hebrew: נִמְשִׁי Nīmšī; Latin and Douay–Rheims: Namsi) is a character in the Hebrew Bible. He is mentioned in the Books of Kings and the Second Book of Chronicles as father, grandfather, or possibly a forebear of Jehu, the king of the Northern Kingdom of Israel (compare 1 Kings 19:16; 2 Kings 9:20; 2 Chronicles 22:7 with 2 Kings 9:2, 14).[1]
History
editThe Hebrew word ben (בֶּן) can mean both a literal "son", or a male descendant. The biblical text describes Jehu as either the "son of Nimshi" (ben Nimshi); or as the "son of Jehoshaphat" (ben Yehoshafat), who is himself called the "son of Nimshi". Some scholars have therefore taken the phrase to mean that Jehu was not the actual son of Nimshi, and that Nimshi was either the grandfather or ancestor of Jehu, or even that Jehu belonged to a clan named Nimshi.[1] Another possibility is that "son of Jehoshaphat" was a later addition, in which case Nimshi would be the father of Jehu.[1]
References to the name Nimshi have been discovered in 9th century BCE inscriptions from Tel Rehov and other archaeological sites. Thus, archaeologists Shmuel Aḥituv and Amihai Mazar have suggested that a clan named after Nimshi may have been a prominent elite family in the Beth Shean Valley region when Jehu, a member of that clan, rose to the throne of Israel.[2]
Baruchi-Unna suggests that Nimshi was a son of King Omri and a brother of King Ahab. Jehu's father, Jehoshaphat, would consequently be a first cousin to Ahab's children: Ahaziah of Israel, Jehoram of Israel, and Athaliah, Queen regnant of the Kingdom of Judah.[3] Among the members of this extended House of Omri, the names Ahaziah, Jehoram, Athaliah, and Jehoshaphat are all Yahwistic theophoric names, whereas Omri, Ahab, and Nimshi are not theophoric names. According to Baruchi-Unna, this reflects different religious tendencies among the first and second generations of the royal family, and the (evidently) Yahweh-worshipping third generation.[3]
References
edit- ^ a b c Freedman, D.N.; Myers, A.C.; Beck, A.B. (2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. W.B. Eerdmans. p. 682. ISBN 9780802824004. Retrieved 2019-07-15.
- ^ Ahituv, Shmuel; Mazar, Amihai (2014). "The Inscriptions from Tel Rehov and their Contribution to the Study of Script and Writing during Iron Age IIA". In Eshel, Esther; Levin, Yigal (eds.). "See, I will bring a scroll recounting what befell me" (Ps 40:8): Epigraphy and Daily Life from the Bible to the Talmud. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 64. ISBN 978-3-647-55062-6.
- ^ a b Baruchi-Unna, Amitai (2017), Jehuites, Ahabites, and Omrides, Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, doi:10.1177/0309089216661177, S2CID 159833033
Further reading
edit- Naʼaman, Nadav (2005), "Jehu son of Omri: Legitimizing a Loyal Vassal by His Lord", Ancient Israel and Its Neighbors: Interaction and Counteraction, Eisenbrauns, ISBN 9781575061085