TheParts of Hollandis a historical division ofLincolnshire,England, encompassing the southeast of the county.[1]The name is still recognised locally and survives in the district ofSouth Holland.
| Lincolnshire, Parts of Holland | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Area | |
| • 1901 | 268,992 acres (1089 km²) |
| • 1961 | 267,847 acres (1083 km²) |
| Population | |
| • 1901 | 77,610 |
| • 1971 | 105,685 |
| History | |
| • Created | 1889 |
| • Abolished | 1974 |
| • Succeeded by | Lincolnshire |
| Status | Administrative county |
| Government | Holland County Council |
| •HQ | County Hall, Boston |
 | |
Etymology
editThe place nameHollandappears on record in 1060 asHoylandiaand in theDomesday Book(1086) asHoilant.The name is most often derived fromOld Englishhoh( "a hill-spur" ) +land;giving the name a meaning of "district characterised by hill-spurs" or similar. Formally-identical formations are found in the place-namesHolland-on-Sea(Essex) andUp Holland(Lancashire).[2][3]However, the topographical inappropriateness of a place-name referencing hill-spurs being applied to a low-lying region has been noted andRichard Coateshas instead argued that thehoi-element in early forms represents a Brittonic*haiw-( "a swamp" ).[4]
Administration
edit
Parts of Holland was one of the three medieval divisions, called 'Parts', of Lincolnshire (the other two beingLindseyandKesteven) which had long had separate county administrations (quarter sessions). Under theLocal Government Act 1888it obtained acounty council,which it retained until 1974. At that point the three county councils were abolished and Lincolnshire (minus the northern part of Lindsey, which formed part ofHumberside) had a single county council for the first time.[5]
Before the changes of 1888, Holland had, since probably the 10th century, been divided into the threewapentakesofElloe,KirtonandSkirbeck.[6]
Under theLocal Government Act 1894,the administrative county of Holland was divided intorural districtsandurban districts,with themunicipal boroughofBostonremaining untouched. The rural districts wereBoston,Crowland,East ElloeandSpalding,whilstHolbeach,Long Sutton,SpaldingandSutton Bridgebecame urban districts.[7]
Geography
edit
The geographical extent of the formerHolland County Councilis the same as that of the combined modernlocal government districtsofBostonandSouth Holland.
Holland is all close to sea level, achieving a maximum altitude of about five metres (16 feet) on artificially raised river banks (levees). It therefore needed carefully managed drainage to maintain the very productivearablefarmland which covered almost its entire extent. Consequently, a significant part of its drainage for arable use had to await the introduction ofsteam pumping.Before the mid-19th century, it was a much morepastoralarea, used for fatteninglivestockbrought in from Scotland and northern England before it was driven to market in places like London. Many of the country roads are still calleddroves.
Towns and villages in Holland
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^"Parts of Holland (former division, England, United Kingdom) – Britannica Online Encyclopedia".britannica.2012.Retrieved5 April2012.
- ^Mills, Anthony David (2003).A Dictionary of British Place-Names.OUP Oxford.ISBN9780191578472.
- ^Room, Adrian (1993).Dictionary of Place Names in the British Isles.Bloomsbury. p. 174.ISBN0-7475-1511-5.
- ^Hawkins, Jillian Patricia."The significance of the place-name element *funta in the early middle ages"(PDF).University of Winchester.
- ^de Mello Vianna, Fernando (1979).The International Geographic Encyclopedia and Atlas.Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. p. 422.ISBN978-0395271704.
- ^Lewis, Samuel (1848)."Skidbrook - Skutterskelfe | A Topographical Dictionary of England (pp. 115-118)".british-history.ac.uk.Retrieved5 April2012.
- ^Akerman, Portland B; Ford, Percy H (1894).Parish Councils: A Guide to the Local Government Act 1894.London:Routledge.