Wikipedia

Pretty Woman

For other uses, seePretty Woman (disambiguation).

Pretty Womanis a 1990 Americanromantic comedyfilm directed byGarry Marshall,from a screenplay byJ. F. Lawton.The film starsRichard GereandJulia Roberts,and featuresHéctor Elizondo,Ralph Bellamy(in his final performance),Laura San Giacomo,andJason Alexanderin supporting roles.[1]The film's story centers onHollywoodescortVivian Ward and wealthy businessman Edward Lewis. Vivian is hired to be Edward's escort for several business and social functions, and their relationship develops during her week-long stay with him. The film's titlePretty Womanis based on the 1964 song "Oh, Pretty Woman"byRoy Orbison.The original screenplay was titled “3,000,” and was written by then-struggling screenwriter J. F. Lawton.

Pretty Woman
A man in a smart black suit stands back to back with a woman wearing a black short skirt and black thigh-high boots.
Theatrical release poster
Directed byGarry Marshall
Written byJ. F. Lawton
Produced by
Starring
CinematographyCharles Minsky
Edited by
Music byJames Newton Howard
Production
companies
Distributed byBuena Vista Pictures Distribution
Release date
  • March 23, 1990(1990-03-23)(United States)
Running time
119 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$14 million
Box office$463.4 million

Originally intended to be a dark cautionary tale about class and sex work inLos Angeles,the film was re-conceived as a romantic comedy with a large budget.Pretty Womanreceived mixed reviews from critics upon release, but widespread praise was directed towards Roberts' performance. It saw the highest number of ticket sales in the US ever for a romantic comedy,[2]withBox Office Mojolisting it as the number-one romantic comedy by the highest estimated domestic tickets sold at 42,176,400, slightly ahead ofMy Big Fat Greek Wedding(2002) at 41,419,500 tickets.[3]The film grossedUS$463.4million worldwide and at the time of its release, was thefifth-highest-grossing film of all time worldwide,behind onlyE.T. the Extra-Terrestrial($701million at the time),Star Wars($530 million at the time),Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade($474million at the time), andJaws($470 million at the time).

Pretty Womancatapulted Roberts to superstardom, earning her theGolden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical,in addition to her first nominations for theAcademy Award for Best Actressand theBAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role.The film also received nominations for theBAFTA Award for Best Filmand theGolden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy.

Plot

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One night, leaving a business party in theHollywood Hills,Edward takes his lawyer Philip'sLotus Espritand finds himself in thered-light districtonHollywood Boulevard.There he meets struggling prostitute Vivian Ward.

Lost and struggling to operate thestick-shift,Vivian offers to drive Edward to theRegent Beverly Wilshire Hotel.Impulsively, he hires her for the whole night and, despite initial awkwardness, finds her charming and they have sex in hispenthousesuite.

The following day, Edward asks Vivian to stay for the week, as he must attend a series of business events while attempting to acquire Jim Morse's shipbuilding company. After negotiating, Edward and Vivian agree on $3,000. He also gives her money to buy appropriate clothes.

However, when trying to shop onRodeo Drive,snobbish and rude saleswomen turn Vivian away. She asks the hotel manager Barney for assistance. He gets upscale store saleslady Bridget, who is very kind, to find her a cocktail dress for that evening's business dinner. Later, Barney teaches her table etiquette.

Edward is astounded by Vivian’s transformation. At dinner, he introduces Vivian to Morse and his grandson David, who is to take over the company. The Morses are charmed by her, but ultimately the dinner does not go well as they are unhappy with Edward's plan to dismantle their company.

Edward opens up to the transformed Vivian. He reveals details about his personal and business life, including his estranged relationship with his late father Carter.

When Philip suspects Vivian is a corporate spy, as he sees her talking to David Morse at apolomatch, Edward explains their arrangement. The married lawyer later crudely propositions her for her services after Edward leaves. She gets upset with Edward for exposing her in that way. He apologizes, admitting that he was jealous of Vivian talking to David and acknowledging that her directness is having a positive effect on him.

Edward takes Vivian byprivate jetto seeLa traviataat theSan Francisco Opera,a story about a prostitute who falls in love with a wealthy man. She is moved, and she breaks her "no kissing" rule before having sex with him. Believing Edward has fallen asleep, Vivian says she loves him.

As the week is almost finished, Edward offers to get Vivian a condominium and an allowance, promising to visit her regularly. However, Vivian is offended, feeling he is now treating her like a prostitute. She tells her childhood fantasy of being rescued by a knight on a white steed.

Edward meets with Morse but, influenced by Vivian, chooses to work with him to save his company instead of dismantling it. Meanwhile Philip, furious that Edward's new direction has cost him a fortune, goes to the Beverly Wilshire to confront him. However, he finds Vivian. So, blaming her for Edward's changes and angry at his business decision, Philip hits her and attempts to rape her. Edward arrives, pulls Philip off of Vivian, punches and fires him.

After completing his business inLos Angeles,Edward asks Vivian to stay with him for one more night, but only if she wants to, not because he is paying her. She gently refuses and leaves after telling him she thinks he has "lots of special gifts."

Vivian returns to herapartment hotelto pack for her move toSan Franciscoto get a new job and finish her high school degree. She gives her roommate, fellow prostitute Kity De Luca, some money and tells her she has "a lot of potential." Kit leaves sex work and enrolls inbeauty classes.Vivian then waits in her apartment for the bus.

Vivian's rejection prompts Edward to re-evaluate his life, so he reroutes the chauffeur to herapartmentinstead of the airport. He climbs out of the whitelimousine'ssunroof and ascends the fire escape to 'rescue' Vivian, just like the knight in her childhood fantasy. When he asks her what happens after the knight rescues her, she responds "She rescues him right back", and kisses him.

Cast

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As per the opening credits

  • Richard Gereas Edward Lewis, a rich corporate raider from New York who hires Vivian to be his escort for a week
  • Julia Robertsas Vivian Ward, a free-spiritedHollywoodprostitute
  • Ralph Bellamyas Jim Morse, owner of Morse Industries, a troubled shipbuilding company Edward plans to take over
  • Jason Alexanderas Philip Stuckey, Edward's insensitive lawyer
  • Héctor Elizondoas Barnard "Barney" Thompson, the dignified and soft-hearted hotel manager
  • Laura San Giacomoas Kit De Luca, Vivian's sarcastic wisecracking best friend and roommate who taught her the prostitution trade
  • Alex Hyde-Whiteas David Morse, Jim Morse's grandson, who is being groomed to take over the Morses' shipbuilding company
  • Amy Yasbeckas Elizabeth Stuckey, Philip's wife
  • Elinor Donahueas Bridget, a friend of Barney Thompson who works in a women's clothing store
  • John David Carsonas Mark Roth, a businessman in Edward's office
  • Judith Baldwinas Susan, one of Edward's ex-girlfriends whom he runs into at Phil's party at the beginning of the film. She has recently married and Edward's secretary was a bridesmaid.
  • Patrick Richwood as Night Elevator Operator Dennis
  • James Patrick Stuartas Dennis Rowland, the day bellhop
  • Dey Youngas a snobbish saleswoman in a clothing store
  • Larry Milleras Mr. Hollister, the manager of a clothing store where Vivian buys her new wardrobe
  • Hank Azariaas a detective (Film Debut)
  • Jason Randal as a magician

Production

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Development

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The film was initially conceived as a dark drama about prostitution in Los Angeles in the 1980s.[4]The relationship between Vivian and Edward also originally involved controversial themes, including Vivian being addicted todrugs;part of the deal was that she had to stay offcocainefor a week. Edward eventually throws her out of his car and drives off. The original script by J.F.Lawton, called3000,[5]ended with Vivian and her prostitute friend on the bus to Disneyland.[4]ProducerLaura Ziskinconsidered these elements detrimental to a sympathetic portrayal of Vivian, and they were removed or assigned to Kit. The deleted scenes have been found, and some were included on the DVD released for the film's 15th anniversary.[4]In one, Vivian tells Edward, "I could just pop ya good and be on my way," indicating her lack of interest in "pillow talk."In another, she is confronted by a drug dealer, Carlos, then rescued by Edward when the limo driver Darryl gets his gun out.

Though inspired by such films asWall StreetandThe Last Detail,[5]the film bears a resemblance toPygmalion myths:particularlyGeorge Bernard Shaw'splay of the same name,which also formed the basis for theBroadwaymusicalMy Fair Lady.It wasWalt Disney Studiosthen-presidentJeffrey Katzenbergwho insisted the film be re-written as a modern-day fairy tale and love story, as opposed to the original dark drama. It was pitched toTouchstone Picturesand re-written as a romantic comedy.[6]The title3000was changed because Disney executives thought it sounded like a title for a science fiction film.[7]

Casting

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The casting of the film was a rather lengthy process. Marshall had initially consideredChristopher Reeve,Daniel Day-Lewis,Kevin Kline,andDenzel Washingtonfor the role of Edward, andAlbert Brooks,[8]Sylvester Stallone,Al PacinoandBurt Reynoldsturned it down.[9][10]Pacino went as far as doing a casting reading with Roberts before rejecting the part.[11]Sam Neill,Tom ContiandCharles Grodintested for the part along with Roberts.[1][12]Gere initially refused but when he met with Roberts, she persuaded him and he eventually agreed to play Lewis.[13]He reportedly started off much more active in his role; but Garry Marshall took him aside and said "No, no, no, Richard. In this movie, one of you moves and one of you does not. Guess which one you are?"[14]

Julia Robertswas not the first choice for the role of Vivian, and was not wanted by Disney. Many other actresses were considered. Marshall originally envisionedKaren Allenfor the role; when she declined, auditions went to many better-known actresses of the time includingMolly Ringwald,[15]who turned it down as she didn't like the story as she felt there was something icky about it.[16][17]Winona Ryderauditioned, but was turned down because Marshall felt she was "too young."[10]Jennifer Connellywas also dismissed for the same reason.[4]Emily Lloydturned it down as it conflicted with her shooting for the filmMermaids.[18]Drew Barrymore,Patricia Arquette,Brooke Shields,Uma Thurman,andKristin Davisalso auditioned for the role of Vivian.[19][20]Meg Ryan,who was the studio and Marshall's top choice, turned it down as well.[21]According to a note written by Marshall,Mary Steenburgenwas also among the first choices.Diane Lanecame very close to being cast (the script was much darker at the time); they had gone as far as costume fittings, but due to scheduling conflicts she could not accept.Michelle Pfeifferturned the role down, saying she did not like the script's "tone."[22]Daryl Hannahwas also considered but believed the role was "degrading to women."[22]Valeria Golinowas in consideration, but was not selected because of her thick Italian accent,[23]andJennifer Jason Leighhad auditioned.[24]Lea Thompsonunsuccessfully auditioned for the role as she thought the film was a drama.[25]

When all the other actresses turned down the role, 21-year-oldJulia Roberts,a relative unknown, with only the sleeper hitMystic Pizza(1988) and the yet-to-be-releasedSteel Magnolias(1989), for which she would be nominated for theAcademy Award for Best Supporting Actress,won the role of Vivian. Her performance made her a star. J.F.Lawton, writer of the original screenplay, has suggested that the film was ultimately given a happy ending because of the chemistry of Gere and Roberts.[5]

Veteran actorRalph Bellamy,who plays James Morse, appears in his final acting performance before his death in 1991.Jason Alexander,who had also recently been cast for his role as the bumblingGeorge CostanzainSeinfeld,was cast as Philip Stuckey. A VHS copy ofPretty Womanwould appear in Seinfeld's apartment in later seasons ofSeinfeldas a homage to Alexander's participation in the film.

Filming

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The film's budget was substantial, at$14million, so producers could shoot in many locations.[4]Most filming took place inLos Angeles, California,specifically inBeverly Hills,and inside soundstages atWalt Disney StudiosinBurbank.Theescargotrestaurant the "Voltaire" was shot at the restaurant "Rex," now called "Cicada." Scenes set in theBeverly Wilshire Hotellobby were shot at theAmbassador HotelinLos Angeles.Filming commenced on July 24, 1989, but was immediately plagued by problems. These includedFerrariandPorschedeclining the product placement opportunity for the car Edward drove, neither firm wishing to be associated with prostitutes.[4]Lotus Carssaw the placement value and supplied a Silver1989+1⁄2Esprit SE(which was later sold).[26]

The shooting was a generally pleasant, easy-going experience, as the budget was broad and the shooting schedule was not tight.[4]While shooting the scene where Vivian is lying down on the floor of Edward's penthouse, watching reruns ofI Love Lucy,Garry Marshall had to tickle Roberts' feet (out of camera range) to get her to laugh.[27]The scene in which Gere playfully snaps the lid of a jewelry case on her fingers was improvised, and her surprised laugh was genuine.The red dressVivian wears to the opera has been listed among the most unforgettable dresses of all time.[28]

During the scene in which Roberts sang aPrincesong in the bathtub, slid down, and submerged her head under the bubbles; she emerged to find the crew had left except for the cameraman, who captured the moment on film. In the love scene, she was so stressed that a vein became noticeable on her forehead and had to be massaged by Marshall and Gere. She also developed a case ofhives,andcalamine lotionwas used to soothe her skin until filming resumed.[4]The filming was completed on November 30.[29]

Shelley Michelleacted asbody doublefor Roberts in risqué scenes and the film's publicity poster.[30]

Reception

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Box office

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In its opening weekend, the film was atnumber one at the US box office,grossing$11,280,591and averaging$8,513per theater.[31][32]Despite dropping to number two in its second weekend, it grossed more with$12,471,670.[32]It returned to number one at the US box office in its sixth weekend and was number one for three weeks. It was in the Top 10 movies in the US for 16 weeks.[32]In Australia, it wasnumber onefor 12 weeks and wasnumber onefor nine consecutive weeks in the UK. As of September 29, 2009,it has grossed$178,406,268in the United States and$285,000,000in other countries for a total worldwide gross ofUS$463,406,268.[3]It was the fourth highest-grossing film of the year in the United States and Canada[33]and the third highest-grossing worldwide.[34]The film wasDisney's highest-grossing film ever, surpassingThree Men and a Baby,and remains Disney's highest-grossingR-ratedrelease.[35][36][37]

Critical response

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Pretty Womanreceived mixed reviews from critics.[38][39][40]On review aggregatorRotten Tomatoesthe film holds an approval rating of 65% based on 77 reviews, with an average rating of 6.0/10. The website's critical consensus states, "Pretty Womanmay be a yuppie fantasy, but the film's slick comedy, soundtrack, and casting can overcome misgivings. "[41]OnMetacritic,the film has a weighted average score of 51 out of 100, based on 18 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews."[42]Audiences polled byCinemaScoregave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[43]

Owen GleibermanofEntertainment Weeklygave the film a "D," saying it "starts out as a neo-Pygmalion comedy" and with "its tough-hooker heroine, it can work as a feminist version of an upscale princess fantasy." Gleiberman also said it "pretends to be about how love transcends money," but "is really obsessed with status symbols."[44]On its twentieth anniversary, Gleiberman wrote another article, saying that while he felt he was right, he would have given it a "B" today.[45]Carina Chocano ofThe New York Timessaid the movie "wasn't a love story, it was a money story. Its logic depended on a disconnect between character and narrative, between image and meaning, between money and value, and that made it not cluelessly traditional but thoroughly postmodern."[46]Roberts would later say in a 2019 interview that she believes that the film would not be made today.[47]

Accolades

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Award Category Nominee(s) Result
Academy Awards[48] Best Actress Julia Roberts Nominated
BMI Film & TV Awards Film Music Award James Newton Howard Won
Most Performed Song from a Film "It Must Have Been Love"–Per Gessle Won
British Academy Film Awards[49] Best Film Arnon Milchan,Steven ReutherandGarry Marshall Nominated
Best Actress in a Leading Role Julia Roberts Nominated
Best Screenplay – Original J. F. Lawton Nominated
Best Costume Design Marilyn Vance Nominated
César Awards Best Foreign Film Garry Marshall Nominated
David di Donatello Awards Best Foreign Actress Julia Roberts Nominated
Golden Globe Awards[50] Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Nominated
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Julia Roberts Won
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Richard Gere Nominated
Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Hector Elizondo Nominated
Golden Screen Awards Won
Jupiter Awards Best International Actress Julia Roberts Won
Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Movie Actress Won
People's Choice Awards Favorite Comedy Motion Picture Won
Writers Guild of America Awards[51] Best Screenplay – Written Directly for the Screen J. F. Lawton Nominated

American Film Institute

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Music

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Main article:Pretty Woman (soundtrack)

The soundtrack features the songs (among others);

The soundtrack has been certified triple platinum by theRecording Industry Association of America(RIAA).[53]

Theoperafeatured in the film isLa Traviata,which also served as inspiration for its plot. The highly dramatic aria fragment that is repeated is the end of "Dammi tu forza!"(" Give me strength! "), from the opera. Roberts sings the song"Kiss"byPrincewhile she is in the tub and Gere's character is on the phone. Background music is composed byJames Newton Howard.The piano piece Gere's character plays in the hotel lobby was composed and performed by Gere. Entitled "He Sleeps/Love Theme," this piano composition is inspired byBruce Springsteen's "Racing in the Street."

Musical adaptation

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Main article:Pretty Woman: The Musical

A stage musical adaptation of the film opened onBroadwayon July 20, 2018, in previews, officially on August 16 at theNederlander Theatre.[54]This follows an out-of-town tryout at theOriental Theatrein Chicago, which ran from March 13 to April 15, 2018. The musical has music and lyrics byBryan AdamsandJim Vallance;the lateGarry Marshalland J.F.Lawton wrote the book; andJerry Mitchellis the director and choreographer.[55]The Chicago and Broadway cast featuredSamantha Barks,in her Broadway debut as Vivian andSteve Kazeeas Edward. Barks finished her run as Vivian on July 21, 2019, and was replaced by Jillian Mueller the following evening, with Brennin Hunt, ofRentfame, assuming the role of Edward.[55]Orfehportrayed Kit, andJason Danieleyplayed Philip Stuckey.Eric Andersonportrayed the role of Mr. Thompson and Kingsley Leggs played the role of James Morse.[54]

The UK and Ireland stage musical tour commenced inAutumn 2023.The show opened inBristolwith cast members,Amber Daviesas Vivian, Oliver Savile as Edward.Ore Odubaplayed Mr Thompson. The run is scheduled to continue through most of 2024.[56]

References

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  17. ^https:// theguardian /lifeandstyle/2023/apr/24/i-was-projected-as-the-sweet-american-girl-next-door-it-wasnt-me-molly-ringwald-bites-back
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