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Loomingis a term found in the study ofperception,as it relates directly topsychology.Looming refers to the rapid expansion in the size of any given image. As the image becomes increasingly large on the perceiver'sretina,i.e., when an objectlooms,there is an automaticphysiologicalresponse toperceivethe object as an approachingobject or surface,instead of one that isstationaryor receding.[1]Evidence indicates that looming perception is not limited to the visual modality, but can occur due to auditory or even tactile stimuli.[2][3]
There is a different type ofmiragethat is also described as looming, in which distant objects appear much nearer than they actually are, is explained in the same way as the image of the ship, except that the image is not inverted; the density variations may also act as amagnifying glass.
See also
References
- Schiff, W., Caviness, J.A., & Gibson, J.J. "Persistent fear responses in rhesus monkeys to the optical stimulus of 'looming'." Science, 1962, 136, 982-983.
- Schiff, W., "Perception of impending collision; a study of visually directed avoidant behavior." Psychological Monographs, 1965, 79 Whole #604.
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- ^Gibson, J. J. (2014). The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception: Classic Edition. Psychology Press.
- ^Gray, R. (2011). Looming auditory collision warnings for driving. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 53(1), 63-74.
- ^Lawson, B. D. (2014). Tactile Displays for Cueing Self-Motion and Looming: What Would Gibson Think?. Advances in Cognitive Engineering and Neuroergonomics, 11, 3.