Year1094(MXCIV) was acommon year starting on Sunday(link will display the full calendar) of theJulian calendar.
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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Events
editBy place
editByzantine Empire
edit- Spring – EmperorAlexios I Komnenossends a Byzantine expeditionary force under GeneralTatikiostoNicaea,in an attempt to re-capture the city from the Seljuk Turks. However, the arrival ofBarkiyaruq's army en route stops the Byzantines. Alexios sends reinforcements; short of supplies, the Seljuk Turks retreat.Abu'l-Qasim,Seljuk governor of Nicaea, is defeated and forced to conclude a truce with Alexios.[1]
Europe
edit- May–El Cid(Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar) completes his conquest ofValenciainAl-Andalus(modernSpain) and begins his rule (in the name of KingAlfonso VI) there. TheAlmoravidcampaign to regain the city fails.[2]
- May–June–Duncan,son of the late KingMalcolm III of Scotland,gathers a substantial army, chiefly Anglo-Normans from England, and challenges his uncleDonald III( "the Fair" ) for theKingdom of Scotland.Duncan is crowned king atScone.[3]
- July 28–William Bertranddies, and his margravial title ofProvenceis inherited byRaymond IV( "Saint-Gilles" ), who becomes count ofToulouse(until1105).
- November 12– Donald III mobilizes his army and kills Duncan II in battle in theScottish Lowlands,re-taking the Scottish throne.[3]
Fatimid Egypt
edit- After the death ofCaliphal-Mustansir Billah,his son-in-law andvizierAl-Afdaldeclaresal-Musta'li,a younger son of al-Mustansir, in acoup d'étatas new Caliph. Al-Mustansir's designated heir,Nizar,flees toAlexandria.
Eastern Islamic world
edit- February 3– Caliph ofBaghdadal-Muqtadidies and is succeeded by his nominated heir Ahmad (al-Mustazhir).
- October– Seljuk sultanMahmud Idies after a 2-year reign. He is succeeded by his brotherBarkiyaruq(one of the Seljuk princes who claim the throne) as ruler of theSeljuk Empire.
By topic
editReligion
edit- May 15– TheCathedral of St. AgathainCatania(Sicily) is consecrated by the Breton abbotAnsger.
- October 8– DogeVitale Falieroconsecrates the newBasilica of San MarcoinVenice.
- KingLadislaus I of Hungaryfounds a diocese (alongside the bishop'ssee) inZagreb.
- Al-Musta'libecomes the nineteenthimamofMusta'li Ismailism
Births
edit- January 14–Eudokia Komnene,Byzantine princess (d.1129)
- Abd al-Mu'min,Almohad caliph (approximate date)
- Ibn Zuhr(or Avenzoar), Moorishphysician(d.1162)
- Malachy,Irish archbishop and saint (d.1148)
- Richard d'Avranches,2ndEarl of Chester(d.1120)
- Yelü Dashi,founder of theQara Khitai(d.1143)
Deaths
edit- January 10–Al-Mustansir Billah,Fatimid caliph (b.1029)
- February 3
- Al-Muqtadi,Abbasid caliph (b.1056)
- Teishi,Japanese empress (b.1013)
- June 2–Nicholas the Pilgrim,Italian shepherd (b.1075)
- June 4–Sancho V,king ofAragonandPamplona
- July 28–William Bertrand,margrave ofProvence
- October 14
- Bertha of Holland,French queen consort
- Fujiwara no Nobunaga,Japanesenobleman(b.1022)
- October–Mahmud I,sultan of theSeljuk Empire
- November 12–Duncan II,king ofScotland
- Abu Ali Fana-Khusrau,Buyid nobleman
- Al-Bakri,Moorish historian and geographer
- Aq Sunqur al-Hajib,Seljuk sultan ofAleppo
- Badr al-Jamali,Fatimidvizierand statesman
- Isaac Albalia,Andalusian Jewishastronomer(b.1035)
- Jonathan I,Italo-Norman count ofCarinola
- Michael of Avranches,Italian bishop
- Roger de Beaumont,Norman nobleman
- Roger de Montgomery,Norman nobleman
- Terken Khatun,Seljuk empress andregent
- William Fitzeustace, 1st Earl of Gloucester,Norman nobleman
- Wulfnoth Godwinson,English nobleman
References
edit- ^Timothy Venning (2015).A Chronology of the Crusades,p. 24.ISBN978-1-138-80269-8.
- ^Picard C. (1997).La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age.Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
- ^abPotter, Philip J. (2009).Gothic Kings of Britain: The Lives of 31 Medieval Rulers (1016–1399).Jefferson, NC: McFarland. pp. 127–128.ISBN978-0-7864-4038-2.