Year1500(MD) was aleap year starting on Wednesdayin theJulian calendar.The year 1500 was not a leap year in theproleptic Gregorian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| Gregorian calendar | 1500 MD |
| Ab urbe condita | 2253 |
| Armenian calendar | 949 ԹՎ ՋԽԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6250 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1421–1422 |
| Bengali calendar | 907 |
| Berber calendar | 2450 |
| English Regnal year | 15Hen. 7– 16Hen. 7 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2044 |
| Burmese calendar | 862 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7008–7009 |
| Chinese calendar | Mình chưaNăm (EarthGoat) 4197 or 3990 — to — Canh Thân năm (MetalMonkey) 4198 or 3991 |
| Coptic calendar | 1216–1217 |
| Discordian calendar | 2666 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1492–1493 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5260–5261 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| -Vikram Samvat | 1556–1557 |
| -Shaka Samvat | 1421–1422 |
| -Kali Yuga | 4600–4601 |
| Holocene calendar | 11500 |
| Igbo calendar | 500–501 |
| Iranian calendar | 878–879 |
| Islamic calendar | 905–906 |
| Japanese calendar | Meiō9 ( minh ứng ９ năm ) |
| Javanese calendar | 1417–1418 |
| Julian calendar | 1500 MD |
| Korean calendar | 3833 |
| Minguo calendar | 412 beforeROC Dân trước 412 năm |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 32 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2042–2043 |
| Tibetan calendar | Âm thổ dương năm (female Earth-Goat) 1626 or 1245 or 473 — to — Dương kim năm con khỉ (male Iron-Monkey) 1627 or 1246 or 474 |
The year was seen as being especially important by manyChristiansinEurope,who thought it would bring the beginning of theend of the world.Their belief was based on the phrase "half-time after the time", when the apocalypse was due to occur, which appears in theBook of Revelationand was seen as referring to 1500. This time was also just after the Old World's discovery of the Americas in 1492, and therefore was influenced greatly by the New World.[1]
Historically, the year 1500 is also often identified, somewhat arbitrarily, as marking the end of theMiddle Agesand beginning of theearly modern period.[2]
The end of this year marked the halfway point of the2nd millennium,as there were 500 years before it and 500 years after it.
Events
editJanuary–March
edit- January 5– DukeLudovico SforzarecapturesMilan,but is soon driven out again by theFrench.[3]
- January 26– Spanish navigatorVicente Yáñez Pinzónreaches the northern coast ofBrazil.[4]
- February 5–Ludovico Sforza's Swiss mercenary army retakes the city ofMilanfrom the French during theSecond Italian War.[5]
- February 17–Battle of Hemmingstedt:TheDanisharmy fails to conquer the peasants' republic ofDithmarschen.[6]
- March 9–Pedro Álvares Cabral,with a fleet of 13 ships, departs Portugal on a voyage to the New World.[7]
- March 11– The Parliament of Bohemia adopts a new constitution that limits the power ofKing Vladislav IIand subsequent Bohemian monarchs. Miroslav Buchvaldek,Československé dějiny v datech( "Czechoslovak History and Data" ) (Svoboda, 1987)
- March 24– The day after departing the Cape Verde Islands with the rest of Cabral's fleet,Vasco de Ataídeand his 150 crewmates die when their ship goes down in a storm.[8]
April–June
edit- April 22– Portuguese navigatorPedro Álvares Cabraland his crew on 13 vessels become the first Europeans to discover Brazil, anchoring atMonte Pascoaland naming the country Vera Cruz.[9]Cabral claims the land for theKingdom of Portugal.
- May 1–Pêro Vaz de Caminhafinishes writing his chronicle of the Portuguese discovery of Brazil while accompanying Cabral.[10]
- May 3– Cabral and his fleet depart from Brazil and sail eastward toward Africa, resuming their journey to India.
- May 5– Representatives of the English and Spanish royal families sign a treaty atCanterburyfor the marriage of 13-year-oldArthur, Prince of Wales(son of King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York) to 14-year-old PrincessCatherine of Aragon.Arthur's marriage to Catherine takes place the next year, but Arthur dies five months later; she marries Arthur's younger brother Henry VIII in 1509.[11]
- May 8– The first guide to distilling of liquor is published,Liber de arte distillandi de simplicibusby Hieronymus Brunschwig.
- May 29– Traveling eastward from Brazil, Cabral and his fleet run into a storm off of the coast of Africa near theCape of Good Hopeand lose four of their 13 ships.[12]NavigatorBartolomeu Diasis among the persons killed.
- June 1–Pope Alexander VIissues thepapal bullQuamvis ad amplianda,calling on a Roman Catholic crusade against theOttoman Empire.[13]
- June 29– A combined force of troops from theKingdom of Franceand from theRepublic of Florencelay siege to the city ofPisa.[14]
- June 30– SultanAbu Sa'id Qansuhof Egypt is overthrown and sent into exile.Al-Ashraf Abu al-Nasir Janbalatis crowned as the newMamluksultan, but reigns for less than six months.
July–September
edit- July 14– TheMuscovitesdefeat theLithuaniansand thePolesin theBattle of Vedrosha.[15]
- July 24–Ottoman–Venetian War:TheTurkishfleet ofKemal Reisdefeats theVenetiansin theSecond Battle of Lepanto.
- August 9– In the Venetian Republic, theOttoman EmpireTurks captureModonandCoron,the "two eyes of the Republic".[16]
- August 10–Diogo Diasdiscovers an island which he names São Lourenço, since August 10 is the feast day ofSaint Lawrence,a Roman Catholic martyr of the3rd century.[17]The massive island is later known asMadagascar.
- August 23–Francisco de Bobadilla,appointed to replace Admiral Christopher Columbus asSpanish Governor-General of the New World,arrives atSanto Domingoon the island ofHispanola.Bobadilla issues an order directing Christopher and Bartolomeo Columbus to appear before him at Santo Domingo.[18]
- September 12–George the Beardedbegins a reign of more than 38 years asDuke of Saxonyat the Saxon capital ofEmden,after the death of his father,Albert III,who had ruled 36 years.[19]George also becomes George II,Margrave of Meissen.
- September 13– Pedro Cabral's fleet of nine ships arrives in India, more than six months after departing from Portugal, and lands at the port ofCalicut,which had been visited two years earlier byVasco da Gama.[20]
- September 15–Christopher Columbus(Cristobal Colon) is placed under arrest, along with his two brothers, Bartolome and Diego, after appearing beforeFrancisco de Bobadilla,who had replaced him as theSpanish Governor of the New World.( "El 15 de septiemre Bobadilla presenta sus credenciales a Colon... Colon habia ejectuado a varios espanoles cargo de gran peso contra el, asi que al fin Bobadilla resolvio enviarlos presos a Espana para que alla se les juzgase." — "On the 15th of September of 1500, Bobadilla presented his credential to Columbus. Columbus had executed several Spaniards charged with great weight against him, so Bobadilla finally decided to send them prisoners to Spain so that they could be tried there." )[21]
- September 23– Bobadilla hears testimony from 22 witnesses and concludes that the Columbus brothers intended to overthrow him; he has them placed in manacles and chains for deportation to Spain. ( "La pesquisa de Bobadilla contra Colon habia comenzado el 23-IX-1500." — "Bobadilla's investigation against Colon had begun on 23 September 1500." )[22]
October–December
edit- October 1– Christopher Columbus and his brothers, arrested and in chains, are deported fromSanto Domingoto Spain.[23]
- October 22–Nasir-ud-Din Shahoverthrows the government of his father,Ghiyath Shah,ruler of theMalwa Sultanate(located in much of what is now the Indian state ofAndhra Pradesh) for the last 31 years.[24]Upon becoming the new Sultan, Nasir has his brother Ala-ud-Din executed, along with Ala-ud-din's children. Ghiyasuddin is poisoned the following February.
- November 11–Treaty of Granada:Louis XII of FranceandFerdinand II of Aragonagree to divide theKingdom of Naplesbetween them.[25]
- November 16–Emperor Go-Kashiwabaraaccedes to the throne ofMeiōera Japan.
- November 25– Christopher Columbus and his brothers arrive in Spain at Seville "after one of the longest Atlantic crossings in the Columbian years" (six weeks) and released on their own recognizance.[23]
- December 17– All charges against the Columbus brothers for malfeasance in governing Hispanola are dismissed by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.[21]
- December 24– TheSiege of the Castle of St. Georgeends, and the island ofCephaloniais captured by a joint Venetian–Spanish fleet.[26]
- December 31– The lastincunableis printed in Venice.[27]
Date unknown
edit- Europe's population is estimated at 56.7 million people (Spielvogel). The world's population is estimated to be between 425 million and 540 million.[28]
- Saxony's mint atAnnabergbegins producingguldengroschens,also known as guldiners.[29]
- Although other reports exist, it is thought that the lastwolfin England was killed this year, making the species extinct in that country.[30]The wolf is thought to have been killed inAllithwaite,inCumbria.However, reports of wolf sightings and laws concerning wolf bounties existed in rural areas ofthe northuntil the 18th century.
- A group ofMāorimigrated east from theNew Zealandmainland to theChatham Islands,developing a distinct pacificist culture known as theMoriori(approx date)
Births
edit
- January 6–John of Ávila,Spanish mystic and saint (d.1569)[31]
- January 20–Jean Quintin,French priest, knight and writer (d.1561)[32]
- February 7–João de Castro,Portuguese nobleman and fourth viceroy of Portuguese India (d.1548)[33]
- February 22– CardinalRodolfo Pio da Carpi,Italian humanist (d.1564)[34]
- February 24–Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor(d.1558)[35]
- March 3–Reginald Pole,Archbishop of Canterbury(d.1558)[36][37]
- April 12–Joachim Camerarius,German classical scholar (d.1574)[38]
- April 23
- Alexander Ales,Scottish theologian (d.1565)[39]
- Johann Stumpf,Swiss writer (d.1576)[40]
- April 27–Louis, Count of Vaudémont,Italian bishop (d.1528)[41]
- May 17–Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua(d.1540)[42]
- June 13–Ernest of Bavaria,pledge lord of the County of Glatz (d.1560)[43]
- July 1–Federico Cesi (cardinal),Italian cardinal (d.1565)[44]
- July 20–Lorenzo Cybo,Italian condottiero (d.1549)[45]
- August 16–Louis Gonzaga (Rodomonte),Italian-French dignitary and diplomat (d.1532)[46]
- September 5–Maria of Jever,last ruler of the Lordship of Jever (d.1575)[47]
- September 7–Sebastian Newdigate,Carthusian monk and martyr (d.1535)[48]
- September 17–Sebastiano Antonio Pighini,Italian cardinal (d.1553)[49]
- October 17–Alonso de Orozco Mena,Spanish Roman Catholic priest (d.1591)[50]
- November 3–Benvenuto Cellini,Italian goldsmith and sculptor (d.1571)[51]
- December 6–Nicolaus Mameranus,Luxembourgian soldier and historian (d.1567)[52]
- probable
- Johannes Aal,Swiss theologian and composer (d.1553)[53]
- Charles Dumoulin,French jurist (d.1566)[54]
- Wu Cheng'en,Chinese novelist (d.1582)[55]
- Heinrich Faber,German music theorist (d.1552)[56]
- Francisco de Moraes,Portuguese writer (d.1572)[57]
- Jeanne de la Font,French poet and culture patron (d.1532)[58]
- Solomon Molcho,Portuguese mystic (d.1532)[59]
Deaths
edit
January–June
edit- February 17–William III, Landgrave of Hesse(b.1471)[60]
- April 10–Michael Tarchaniota Marullus,Greek scholar, poet and soldier (b. c.1453)[61]
- April 12–Leonhard of Gorizia,Count of Gorz (b.1440)[62]
- May 29
- Bartolomeu Dias,Portuguese explorer (b. c.1450)[63]
- Thomas Rotherham,English cleric and minister (b.1423)[64]
- June 19–Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset,English nobleman (b.1499)[65]
- June 23–Lodovico Lazzarelli,Italian poet (b.1447)[66]
July–December
edit- July 14–Íñigo López de Mendoza y Luna, 2nd Duke of the Infantado,Spanish noble (b.1438)[67]
- July 19–Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal(b.1498)[68]
- August 18–Alfonso of Aragon,prince (b.1481)[69]
- August 26–Philipp I, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg,German noble (b.1449)[70]
- August 30–Victor, Duke of Münsterbergand Opava, Count of Glatz (b.1443)[71]
- September 12–Albert III, Duke of Saxony(b.1443)[72]
- September 15–John Morton,EnglishArchbishop of Canterbury(b. c.1420)[73]
- October 1–John Alcock,English Bishop of Ely (b. c.1430)[74]
- October 21–Emperor Go-Tsuchimikadoof Japan (b.1442)
- November 13–Philip, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen,German prince (b.1468)
- date unknown–Antonia of Savoy,Lady Consort of Monaco[75]
- Probable
- Juan Pérez de Gijón,Spanish composer (b.1460)
- Stefano Infessura,Italian humanist writer (b. c.1435)[76]
- Fyodor Kuritsyn,Russian statesman, philosopher and poet[77]
- Nyai Gede Pinateh,Javanese merchant (b. c.1450)
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Prince Wiktoryn did not move to either the Ziębice-Oleśnica or Kłodzko estates of the Podiebrady family, although he was entitled to titles related to them. He died on September 30, 1500 in Cieszyn, but was buried in Kłodzko in the family crypts.
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