1726(MDCCXXVI) was acommon year starting on Tuesdayof theGregorian calendarand acommon year starting on Saturdayof theJulian calendar,the 1726th year of theCommon Era(CE) andAnno Domini(AD) designations, the 726th year of the2nd millennium,the 26th year of the18th century,and the 7th year of the1720sdecade. As of the start of 1726, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
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Events
editJanuary–March
edit- January 23– (January 12Old Style) TheConventicle Act(Konventikelplakatet) is adopted inSweden,outlawing all non-Lutheran religious meetings outside of church services.
- January 26– TheFirst Treaty of Viennais signed betweenAustria,theHoly Roman EmpireandSpain,creating the Austro-Spanish Alliance in advance of a war against Great Britain.
- January 27– On its maiden voyage, theDutch East India CompanyfrigateAagtekerkedeparts from theDutch Cape Colonyon the second leg of its journey to theDutch East Indiesand is never seen again.Aagtekerkehad carried with it a crew of 200 men and was lost somewhere in the Indian Ocean.
- February 8– TheSupreme Privy Councilis established inRussia.
- February 13– TheParliament of Negrete(betweenMapucheand Spanish authorities in Chile) brings an end to theMapuche uprising of 1723–26.[1]
- March 2– In London, a night watchman finds a severed head by theRiver Thames;it is later recognized to be that of the husband ofCatherine Hayes.She and an accomplice are later executed.[2]
- March 10– China'sEmperor Yongzhengissues a special edict instructing his "Vice Minister of Punishments" Huang Bing to interrogate Qin Daoran, who provides the evidence that Yongzheng's brothersYintang,Yin-ssu and Yin-ti, had conspired to overthrow the Emperor.[3]
- March 29– The first large shipment of slaves is brought toNew Orleansas the slave shipL'Aurorearrives with 290 black Africans captured inGambia.[4]During the 90-day voyage fromGoréeinSenegal,60 of the slaves had died.
- March 30– AfterKing Haffonof theWest AfricanKingdom of Whydah(now inBenin) allowsPortuguesetraders to build FortSão JoãoBatista in the capital atSavi,mercenaries of the Dutch West India Company make a failed attempt to destroy the fort by "throwing two flaming spears over the walls". By 1726, traders from Britain, France, the Netherlands and Portugal are all competing to establish trade with Whydah, which supplies other West Africans to be used as slaves.
- March 31–France's first ambassador to Russia,Jacques de Campredon,leaves after four years of trying to negotiate a Franco-Russian alliance withCatherine Iand a failed attempt to arrange a marriage betweenKing Louis XVand Catherine's daughter Elizabeth.[5]
April–June
edit- May 1–Voltairebegins his exile in England.
- June 11–Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon,is dismissed from being thePrime Minister of FranceandJean Pâris de Monmartelis removed from his position as Guard of the Royal Treasury by KingLouis XV.The King selects his former tutor,André-Hercule de Fleuryto replace the Duke of Bourbon as his Chief Minister. Fleury and the Duke of Bourbon had clashed with each other in their services as adviser to the King, and Fleury's departure from the court in protest and led to his recall and the firing of the Duke[clarification needed].
July–September
edit- July 11–André-Hercule Cardinal de Fleury,recalled from exile by KingLouis XV of France,banishesLouis Henri, Duke of Bourbon,andMadame de Priefrom court.
- August 7– PirateNicholas Brownis captured nearXtabi,Jamaica.
- September 6– An explosion kills all but seven of the 700 passengers and crew on the Portuguese Navy galleonHMFMSSanta Rosaas its cargo of gunpowder blows up. Historians speculate that of the 693 people on the ship, those who weren't killed by the explosion drowned or were killed by sharks as the ship went down off of the coast ofRecife.
- September 11– French bishopAndré-Hercule de Fleury,later Prime Minister for KingLouis XVof France, is made a Roman Catholic Cardinal byPope Benedict XIII.
- September 14– TheNanfan Treatyof July 19, 1701 between theIroquois Confederacyand the BritishProvince of New York,is amended by both parties.
- September 16– An earthquake strikesSicilyand kills 226 people inPalermo.[6]
- September 23–Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor,issues an order limiting the number of Jews who can be legally recognized as legitimate householders.[7]
- September 24– Permission to celebrate the feast ofOur Lady of Mount Carmel,celebrated on July 17, is extended byPope Benedict XIIIto the entire Roman Catholic Church.[8]
October–December
edit- October 1–Juan Bautista de Orendáin y Azpilicuetais appointed again as Secretary of the Universal Bureau (Secretario del Despacho), the equivalent of the Prime Minister of Spain after the retirement ofJosé de Grimaldo.
- October 5–Grigore II Ghicabecomes thePrince of Moldaviafor the first time afterMihai Racovițăsteps aside.
- November 8– (October 28Old Style)Jonathan Swift's satirical novelGulliver's Travelsis first published (anonymously) in London; it sells out within a week.
- November 20–Callinicus, Metropolitan of Heracleadies suddenly only one day after being elected theEcumenical Patriarch of Constantinople,the highest office in theEastern Orthodox Church.Callinicus is said to have paid a record fee to the Ottoman Sultan to guarantee his appointment.
- November–Mary Toftallegedly gives birth to 16 rabbits in England; the story is later revealed to be ahoax.
- December 24– The settlement ofMontevideois founded by the Spaniards in theViceroyalty of Peru.
Date unknown
edit- TheComplete Classics Collection of Ancient China,an immense Chinese encyclopedia, is printed usingcopper-basedmovable typeprinting.
- Muhammad bin Saudbecomes head of theHouse of Saud.
- The remaining ruins ofLiverpool Castlein England are finally demolished.
- In late 1726,NaderrecapturedMashhad.[9]
Births
edit- January 14–Jacques-Donatien Le Ray,French supporter of the American Revolution (d.1803)
- January 17–Hugh Mercer,brigadier general in the AmericanContinental Army,and a close friend toGeorge Washington(d.1777)
- February 4–Jean-Jacques Blaise d'Abbadie,Director-general of theColony of Louisiana(d.1765)
- February 7–Margaret Fownes-Luttrell,British painter (d.1766)
- March 8–Richard Howe,British admiral (d.1799)
- April 5–Benjamin Harrison V,signer of the American Declaration of Independence (d.1791)
- April 8–Lewis Morris,American landowner and developer, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence (d.1798)
- April 12–Charles Burney,English music historian (d.1814)
- April 20–Joseph de Ferraris,Austriancartographerof theAustrian Netherlands(d.1814)
- June 3O.S. –James Hutton,Scottish geologist (d.1797)
- June 14O.S. –Thomas Pennant,Welsh naturalist (d.1798)
- June 20–Louise Henriette of Bourbon, Duchess of Orléans,mother ofPhilippe Égalité(d.1759)
- July 1–Acharya Bhikshu,Jain saint (d.1803)
- July 30–William Jones (1726–1800),British clergyman, author (d.1800)
- August 7–James Bowdoin,American Revolutionary leader, politician (d.1790)
- August 9–Francesco Cetti,Italian Jesuit scientist (d.1778)
- September 1–François-André Danican Philidor,French composer, chess player (d.1795)
- September 2–John Howard (prison reformer),English philanthropist (d.1790)
- September 26–John H. D. Anderson,Scottish scientist (d.1796)
- September 26–Angelo Maria Bandini,Italian librarian (d.1803)
- October 16–Daniel Chodowiecki,Polish painter (d.1801)
- December 4–Lord Stirling,American brigadier-general during theAmerican Revolutionary War(d.1783)
- date unknown
- Lê Quý Đôn,Vietnamese philosopher, poet, encyclopedist, and government official (d.1784)
- Cyprian Howe,American colonel in the American Revolutionary War (d.1806)
- Katsukawa Shunshō,Japanese woodblock artist (d.1792)
- Jedediah Strutt,English businessman (d.1797)
- Lady Anne Monson,English botanist (d.1776)
Deaths
edit- January 2–Domenico Zipoli,Tuscan-born composer and Jesuit missionary (b.1688)
- January 12–Hercule-Louis Turinetti, marquis of Prié(b.1658)
- January 19
- Franz Beer,Austrian architect (b.1659)
- Giovanni Battista Tolomei,Italian Jesuit priest, theologian and cardinal (b.1653)
- January 25–Guillaume Delisle,French cartographer (b.1675)
- February 18–Jacques Carrey,French painter (b.1649)
- February 26–Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria(b.1662)
- March 5–Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull,English politician (b. c.1665)
- March 6–Henrietta Catharina, Baroness von Gersdorff,German noblewoman; poet (b.1648)
- March 13–Alexander Pendarves,British politician (b.1662)
- March 14– ChhatrapatiShivaji Raje Bhonsale 2nd,5th Maratha Emperor (b.1696)
- March 26–John Vanbrugh,English architect and dramatist (b.1664)
- April 26–Jeremy Collier,English theatre critic, non-juror bishop and theologian (b.1650)
- April 28–Thomas Pitt,British Governor of Madras (b.1653)[10]
- May 10–Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans,English soldier (b.1670)
- June 18–Michel Richard Delalande,French organist, composer (b.1657)
- July 3–Galeazzo Marescotti,Italian Catholic cardinal (b.1627)
- July 8–John Ker,Scottish spy (b.1673)
- July 22–Hugh Drysdale,British Colonial Governor of Virginia
- July 31–Nicolaus II Bernoulli,Swiss mathematician (b.1695)
- September 22–Aixinjueluo Yuntang,bornAixinjueluo Yintang,Qing prince (b.1683)
- October 29–Jean Boivin the Younger,French writer (b.1663)
- November 22–Anton Domenico Gabbiani,Italian painter (b.1652)
- November 23–Sophia Dorothea of Celle,queen consort ofGeorge I of Great Britain(b.1666)
- December 2–Samuel Penhallow,American colonist, historian (b.1665)
References
edit- ^Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto;Villaroel Carmona, Rafael; Lepe Orellana, Jaime; Fuente-Alba Poblete, J. Miguel; Fuenzalida Helms, Eduardo (1997).Historia militar de Chile(in Spanish) (3rd ed.). Biblioteca Militar. p. 88.
- ^Bentley, G. E. Jr. (March 2009). "Blake's Murderesses: Visionary Heads of Wickedness".Huntington Library Quarterly.72(1). University of California Press: 69–105.doi:10.1525/hlq.2009.72.1.69.JSTOR10.1525/hlq.2009.72.1.69.
At Catherine's urging, "Billings went into the room with a hatchet, with which he struck Hayes so violently that he fractured his skull" but did not kill him. Wood, "taking the hatchet out of Billings's hand, gave the poor man two more blows, which effectually dispatched him." They were then faced with the problem of how to dispose of the body.
- ^Frank Ching,Ancestors: The Story of China Told Through the Lives of an Extraordinary Family(Ebury Publishing, 2011) p257
- ^Gwendolyn Midlo Hall,Africans in Colonial Louisiana: The Development of Afro-Creole Culture in the Eighteenth-Century(LSU Press, 1992)
- ^Henri Troyat,Terrible Tsarinas: Five Russian Women in Power(Algora Publishing, 2007) p23
- ^Atlas of Isoseismal Maps of Italian Earthquakes,ed. by D. Postpieschi (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 1986)
- ^"Marriage and Family Laws and Their Impact on Civil Registration of Vital Events",by Suzan Wynne,The Galitzianer(November 16, 2003)
- ^"Feast of Our Lady Mount Carmel",The Catholic Encyclopediaonline
- ^Axworthy pp. 57–74
- ^"Thomas Pitt | British merchant".Encyclopedia Britannica.RetrievedSeptember 20,2021.