1993 in science

The year1993 inscienceandtechnologyinvolved many significant events, listed below.

List of years in science (table)
…1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003…
Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Philosophy Science +...

Astronomy and space exploration

• February 13 –Asteroid7253 Narais discovered byFumiaki Uto.
• December 2 –STS-61is launched. ThisSpace Shuttlemission to theHubble Space Telescope(HST) installs corrective optics, plus upgrades, that not only allow the telescope to focus properly, but also increase magnification/clarity beyond the original design. HST had been pre-designed for suchcontinuous improvement.
• The first definiteasteroid moonis confirmed when theGalileo probediscovers Dactyl orbiting243 Ida.

Computer science

• March 22 – TheIntelCorporation ships the firstPentiumchips
• March 31 – A bug in a program written byRichard Depewsends an article to 200 newsgroups simultaneously. The termspammingis coined byJoel Furrto describe the incident.
• April – Release of theSibeliusmusic notation program,developed byBritishtwins Ben and Jonathan Finn.
• April 22 – Release of version 1.0 of theMosaicWeb browser,devised byMarc AndreessenandEric Binain the United States.
• June 9 – Release ofJurassic Parkmaking pioneering use ofcomputer-generated imageryto produce moving images of prehistoric creatures.
• June 15 – Adobe publishes the first version of thePDF formattogether with version 1.0 of its PDF product lineAdobe Acrobat

Mathematics

• April – Publication of a seminal paper on theparticle filter.
• June 21 –Andrew Wilesannounces a proof ofFermat's Last Theoremat theIsaac Newton Institute.The proof is slightly flawed, but Wiles announces a revised proof the following year.

Paleontology

• 14-year-old fossil hunterWes Linsterfinds the firstBambiraptorskeleton inMontana.
• GiantsauropoddinosaurArgentinosaurusformally described byJosé BonaparteandRodolfo Coria.

Physics

• Leon M. LedermanandDick TeresipublishThe God Particle.

Physiology and medicine

• February – TheNew England Journal of Medicinepublishes findings demonstrating that patients withpeptic ulcerscan be successfully treated withantibiotics,lending strong support to thediscoverythat peptic ulcer disease is caused byH. pylori.
• March 23 – Start ofMilwaukee Cryptosporidiosis outbreak.
• July 15 – A study published byDean Hamerand others in the United States indicates alinkbetween thechromosome bandandgenetic markerXq28and malesexual orientation.
• August
  • Formal launch of theCochrane Collaboration.
  • Francisco Mojicafirst characterizes what becomes known as theCRISPRlocus.
• The "IntelligentProsthesis",the first commercially availablemicroprocessor-controlled prosthetic knee, is released by UK company Charles A. Blatchford & Sons.

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics–Russell A. Hulse,Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
  • Chemistry–Kary Mullis,Michael Smith
  • Medicine–Richard J. Roberts,Phillip A. Sharp
• Turing Award–Juris Hartmanis,Richard E. Stearns
• Wollaston Medal for Geology–Samuel Epstein

Deaths

• January 9 – DameJanet Vaughan,Englishphysiologist(b.1899)
• February 11 –Robert W. Holley,Americanbiochemist,winner of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine(b.1922)
• February 21 –Inge Lehmann,Danishseismologist(b.1888)
• March 4 –Izaak Kolthoff,Dutch'father ofanalytical chemistry' (b.1894)
• April 1 –Solly Zuckerman,British government scientific advisor (b.1904)
• July 2 –Elizabeth M. Ramsey,American researchphysician(b.1906)
• August 16 –Kitty Joyner,American electrical engineer (b.1916)
• August 25 –Mildred Creak,Englishchild psychologist(b.1898)
• September 24 –Bruno Pontecorvo,Italian-born Soviet nuclear physicist (b.1913)
• October 1 –Vera Peters,Canadianoncologist(b.1911)
• October 17 –Zvi Sliternik,Israelientomologist(b.1897)
• November 1 –Severo Ochoa,Spanish biochemist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b.1905)

Organisations

• Czech RepublicandSlovakiajoinCERN.