The2006 Asian Games(Arabic:دورة الألعاب الآسيوية 2006,romanized:Dawrat al-ʼAl‘ab al-Asīawīah 2006), officially known as theXV Asiador15th Asian Games(Arabic:دورة الألعاب الآسيوية الخامسة عشرة,and commonly known asDoha 2006(Arabic:الدوحة 2006), was anAsianmulti-sport event held inDoha,Qatar[2]from December 1 to 15, 2006, with 424 events in 39 sports featured in the games. Doha was the first city in its region and only the second inWest Asia(followingTehranin1974) to host the games. The city will host the games again in2030.[3][4]

XV Asian Games
Host cityDoha, Qatar
MottoThe Games of Your Life[a]
Nations45
Athletes9,520[1]
Events424 in 39 sports (46 disciplines)
OpeningDecember 1
ClosingDecember 15
Opened byHamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Emir of Qatar
Closed byAhmad Al-Fahad Al-Sabah
President of theOlympic Council of Asia
Athlete's OathMubarak Eid Bilal
Judge's OathAbd Allah Al-Bulooshi
Torch lighterMohammed bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani
Main venueKhalifa International Stadium
Websitedoha-2006 (archived)
Summer
Winter

It was the first time that all 45 member nations of the Olympic Council of Asia took part in this event. Also,Eurosportbroadcast the event, marking the first time that the event was broadcast outside the continent.[5]21 competition venues were used for the Games including the newly constructed Aspire Indoor Sports Complex. The opening and closing ceremonies of the Games were held atKhalifa International Stadium.The trampoline discipline of gymnastics, as well as chess and triathlon made their debut at the Games.

The final medal tally was led byChina,followed bySouth KoreaandJapan.Qatarfinished in ninth place. Tajikistan,Jordanand United Arab Emirates won their first ever Asian Games gold medals.[6]7 world and 23 Asian records were broken during the games, while South Korean swimmerPark Tae-hwanwas announced as themost valuable player.[7]

Bidding process

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Doha, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur and New Delhi submitted their formal bids by the deadline 30 June 2000.[8]Prior to the voting, evaluation committee of the OCA, headed by the then vice-president of the association Muhammad Latif Butt inspected Doha on 13 and 14 July 2000,[9]New Delhi on 15 and 16 July 2000,[10]Kuala Lumpur on 17 and 18 July 2000,[11][12]and Hong Kong on 19 and 20 July 2000.[13][14]

On November 12, 2000, voting for the 2006 venue took place during the 19th Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) General Assembly held inBusan,South Korea.[15]The voting involved the 41 members of theOlympic Council of Asiaand consisted of three rounds, each round eliminating one of the bidding cities.[16][17]After the first round,New Delhiwas eliminated, with only two votes. The second round of voting, with three remaining candidates, gave Doha as the result.[18][19]

2006 Asian Games bidding results
City NOC Round 1 Round 2
Doha Qatar 20 22
Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 13 13
Hong Kong Hong Kong 6 6
New Delhi India 2

Under the regulations of the OCA, a candidate which gains more than half of the available votes (at least 21 out of 41 votes) will automatically be selected as the host, and the remaining rounds of voting will be cancelled. When Doha gained 22 out of 41 votes this meant they were selected to host the 2006 Asian Games. Most of Qatar's votes came from the unanimous support fromWest Asiancountries.[20]

After the major upset, Malaysia and Hong Kong, China expressed their disappointment.[19][21]Malaysia said that the selection of Doha was ridiculous and that the selection of Doha was influenced by Qatar's economic wealth.[22]

Development and preparations

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Costs

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Qatar spent US$2.8 billion on preparing venues, including a major upgrade to the 50,000-seat Khalifa Stadium from its original 20,000-seat capacity and the construction of the Aspire indoor sports complex, the world's largest indoor multi-sports dome.[23][24][25]

Volunteers

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Volunteering programme of Doha 2006 Asian Games which began in July 2004 targeted 12,000 volunteers and over 30,000 applications were received.[26][27]The volunteers wore a specific uniform and are grouped at the Uniform Distribution and Accreditation Centre at theAl-Gharafa SC.[28]

Torch relay

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Route of the torch relay.

The torch relay has been integral to the Asian Games since1958.[29]The plans for the Doha 2006 torch relay were revealed by the Doha Asian Games Organising Committee on 20 January 2006.[30]It engaged EFM Global Logistics to handle all the logistics for the relay.[31]

The torch of the 2006 edition weighs 1.5 kilograms and is 72 centimetres tall.[32][33]Its design was inspired by the curvaceous horns of the Arabian Oryx, featuring maroon and white colours which are the colours of theQatari national flag.It symbolises the unifying spirit of competition and friendship throughout Asia.[34]

The relay itself started on 8 October 2006 with a brief ceremony at the Doha Golf Club where the torch was lit with the theme of "Flame of Hospitality".[35][36][37]With the involvement of over 3,000 people, the torch crossed eight former Asian Games host cities and the fourGulf Cooperation Councilmember states. The torch travelled back to Doha held by SheikhJoan Bin Hamad Al-Thani,and the journey around the city itself started on 25 November 2006 and lasted until the opening ceremony of the Games.[38][39]The first stop was inNew Delhi,the birthplace of the Asian Games on 11 October 2006 where the torch's flame was fused together with the Eternal Asian Games Flame that burn at theDhyan Chand National Stadium.[40]During the fourth stop inHiroshimaon 21 October, the torch's flame was fused again but now with the Peace flame that burns at theHiroshima Peace Memorial Park.[41]In total the relay passed through 13 countries and 23 cities, visited several landmarks such asTaj Mahaland theGreat Wall of Chinaalong its way to Qatar.[42][43][44]The relay, which totaled a distance of 50,000 kilometres in 55 days, was until today, the longest in the history of the Asian Games.[30]

Marketing

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Emblem

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Orry the oryx, the official mascot of the 2006 Asian Games

The emblem of the 15th Asian Games is an image of an athlete in motion which represents fearless manner of a sportsperson in face of challenges and obstacles. The colours used in the emblem represent Qatar's landscape. Yellow represents the crescent-shaped sand dunes of the desert, blue represents the calm sea of the Gulf and red represents the sun and warm spirit of Asia.[45]

Mascot

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AnArabian oryxnamed Orry served as the official mascot of the games.[46][47]It was unveiled at the Doha waterfront on 1 January 2005 in conjunction with the start of the 700-day countdown to the games.[48]He represents energy, determination, sportsmanship spirit, commitment, enthusiasm, participation, respect, peace and fun; he is also described as a great sportsman.

Medals

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The medals of the games were designed by Dallah advertising and Gulf Media agency. Around 3,000 medals in gold, silver and bronze were made for the games. They featured Orry, the official Games mascot, as well as theAl Zubara Forton the obverse and the official logo on the reverse.[49][50]

Promotion

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One of sevenQatar Airwaysaircraft painted in Asian Games livery.

To promote the games, the organisers built a countdown clock and a giant statue of the official mascot, Orry, at theDoha Corniche.In addition, they also decorated the city with banners and 30 life-size versions of the mascot in a variety of different sporting poses.[51]Touchscreen kiosks were set up at hotels, malls and businesses in the city to provide users with Qatar tourism and the games' information and details.[52]On 3 April 2005, Qatar's flag carrier,Qatar Airwayssigned a US$10 million agreement with the Doha Asian Games Organising Committee (DAGOC) to become the event's official airline.[53]The airline painted seven of itsAirbus A330in three distinct Asian Games liveries namely blue, red and yellow and produced television commercials and a special 80-page guide on the sporting event in its in-flight magazine "Oryx" as part of its Global Advertising Campaign to promote the sporting event.[54][55]

Merchandising

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During the games, merchandises were sold at various locations in the city, including competition venues.[56][57]

Venues

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The Athletes' Village during the 2006 Asian Games

The Games used mostly new venues within the city. There were a total of 23 venues for the games, with 21 of them being competition venues and others being Main Media Centre and Athletes' village.[58][59]After a major upgrade, Khalifa Stadium had a new running track, a new tensile fabric roof structure on its western seating and an arch on its east part.[60]A temporary velodrome was built at Aspire Academy for track cycling events.[61][62]

The Athletes’ Village was built on a 330,000 square metres site in the city centre, which had 32 residential buildings with 811 five-bedroom apartments for athletes and 45 for Chef-de-Missions and could accommodate 11,500 athletes and team officials.[63][64]

Transport

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Doha International Airportwas expanded with the cost of US$1 billion in the run-up to the games to handle increasing air traffic volume and facilitate an estimated arrival of 10,500 athletes from 45 Asian countries,[65]while Qatar's state-owned public transport service, the Qatar Transport Company (Mowasalat) provided bus, taxi and limousine servicesin the cityto spectators, athletes, officials and volunteers during the games.[66][67]

The Games

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Opening ceremony

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Fireworksdisplay at the opening ceremony of the 15th Asian Games at the Khalifa Stadium in Doha with the Games' cauldron at the background

The opening ceremony was viewed by 50,000 spectators in theKhalifa International Stadium,including VIP guests likeJacques Roggefrom theInternational Olympic Committee,Mahmoud Ahmadinejadfrom Iran,Ismail Haniyehfrom Palestine andBashar al-Assadfrom Syria.[68]The opening ceremony was directed and produced by the AustralianDavid Atkins,who also helmed the2000 Summer Olympics opening ceremonyinSydney.[69]

The opening ceremony showcased the importance of the culture of theArab worldin the history ofAsiaand referenced the region's contact with other Asian cultures. Several musical artists such as Hong Kong'sJacky Cheung,India'sBollywoodstarSunidhi Chauhan,Lebanon'sMajida El Roumiand Spanish tenorJosé Carrerasperformed at the ceremony. The ceremony ended with the lighting of the cauldron at the main stadium byMohammed Bin Hamad Al-Thani,son of the emir and captain of the Qatar equestrian endurance team. At the same time, another cauldron was lit at the top of theAspire Tower.[70]

The games was officially opened by theEmir of Qatar,SheikhHamad bin Khalifa Al Thani.[71][72]

Participating National Olympic Committees

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Participating countries.

All 45 OCA members participated in the Games, including Iraq which returned to compete after its suspension was lifted.[73]Iraq last competed at the1986 Asian Gamesand was suspended from1990until 2004 due to theGulf War.[74]The number in parentheses indicates the number of participants that theNational Olympic Committeecontributed.

ParticipatingNational Olympic Committees

Number of athletes by National Olympic Committees (by highest to lowest)

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Sports

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The sport events contested at the 2006 Asian Games are listed below. Officially there are 46 disciplines from 39 sports in contention.[110]All events listed started after the opening ceremony exceptbadminton,baseball,basketball,football,table tennis,andvolleyball,which had preliminaries before the opening ceremony. Trampoline discipline of gymnastics, and the sports of chess and triathlon made their debut at the event.

Calendar

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In the following calendar for the 2006 Asian Games, each blue box represents an event competition, such as a qualification round, on that day. The yellow boxes represent days during which medal-awarding finals for a sport were held.

All times are inArabia Standard Time(UTC+3)
OC Opening ceremony Event competitions 1 Gold medal events CC Closing ceremony
November / December 27th
Mon
28th
Tue
29th
Wed
30th
Thu
1st
Fri
2nd
Sat
3rd
Sun
4th
Mon
5th
Tue
6th
Wed
7th
Thu
8th
Fri
9th
Sat
10th
Sun
11th
Mon
12th
Tue
13th
Wed
14th
Thu
15th
Fri
Events
Ceremonies OC CC
Aquatics Diving 2 2 2 2 2 51
Swimming 6 6 7 7 6 6
Synchronized swimming 1 1
Water polo 1
Archery 1 1 2 4
Athletics 2 4 10 10 9 10 45
Badminton 2 1 4 7
Baseball 1 1
Basketball 1 1 2
Bodybuilding 4 4 8
Bowling 2 2 2 4 2 12
Bo xing 5 6 11
Canoeing 4 6 10
Chess 2 1 3
Cue sports 2 1 2 1 2 2 10
Cycling Road cycling 1 1 2 1 17
Track cycling 2 2 1 1 3 3
Equestrian 1 1 2 1 1 2 8
Fencing 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
Field hockey 1 1 2
Football 1 1 2
Golf 4 4
Gymnastics Artistic 1 1 2 5 5 18
Rhythmic 1 1
Trampolining 2
Handball 1 1 2
Judo 4 4 4 4 16
Kabaddi 1 1
Karate 6 7 13
Rowing 5 5 10
Rugby sevens 1 1
Sailing 3 5 6 14
Sepak takraw 2 2 2 6
Shooting 6 7 5 10 6 6 4 44
Soft tennis 2 1 2 2 7
Softball 1 1
Squash 2 2
Table tennis 2 2 3 7
Taekwondo 4 4 4 4 16
Tennis 2 3 2 7
Triathlon 2 2
Volleyball Beach volleyball 2 4
Indoor volleyball 1 1
Weightlifting 3 3 3 3 3 15
Wrestling 3 4 4 3 4 18
Wushu 2 9 11
Daily medal events 20 28 28 36 36 29 31 33 29 36 36 41 39 2 424
Cummulative total 20 48 76 112 148 177 208 241 270 306 342 383 422 424
November / December 27th
Mon
28th
Tue
29th
Wed
30th
Thu
1st
Fri
2nd
Sat
3rd
Sun
4th
Mon
5th
Tue
6th
Wed
7th
Thu
8th
Fri
9th
Sat
10th
Sun
11th
Mon
12th
Tue
13th
Wed
14th
Thu
15th
Fri
Gold
medals
November 18th
Sat
21st
Tue
23rd
Thu
24th
Fri
26th
Sun
Basketball
Football
Volleyball Indoor volleyball

Closing ceremony

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The closing ceremony featured an homage to classicMiddle Easternstories and served as a continuation of the opening ceremony.[111]The artistic programme starred the same young boy who played the "Seeker" in the opening ceremony. In the first segment, the boy flew on amagic carpetand entered a magical storybook world that paid tribute to the classic folktales ofOne Thousand and One Nights.This segment included references to stories featured inThe NightslikeAli Baba and the Forty Thieves,Sinbad the SailorandAladdin and the Wonderful Lamp.An array of dancers, horses, and special effects were used to portray the different stories. In one scene, the games cauldron was extinguished when the magic carpet left the stadium.[112]Afterwards, there was another segment called "Land of the Oryx"in which various dances were performed.

All 45 nations' athletes entered the stadium after the artistic programme was finished. South Korean swimmer,Park Tae-hwanwas announced as the best athlete of the Games, having won seven medals, three of them being golds from the swimming competitions.

After that, the OCA PresidentSheikhAhmad Al-Fahad Al-Sabahofficially announced the Games closed. As per tradition, theQatari Armed Forcespersonnel lowered the OCA flag, which would then be carried by the students ofAspire Academyout of the stadium. Later, the Chinese flag was raised to theChinese National Anthem.Sheikh Ahmad then passed the OCA flag to the mayor ofGuangzhou,Zhang Guangning,as the city was to be the next Asian Games host in 2010.[113]

A special 10 minute handover segment called "Oriental Charm"was then presented to showcaseGuangzhouas the next host city. This segment fused the traditional dances of China's performing arts with a modern setting.[114][115]Afterwards, the theme song of the games, "Triumph of the One," was performed byLea Salongafrom thePhilippines.The ceremony ended with a fireworks display that also marked the conclusion of the Games.

Medal table

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The top ten ranked NOCs at these Games are listed below. The host nation, Qatar, is highlighted.

*Host nation (Qatar)

RankNOCGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1China(CHN)1658863316
2South Korea(KOR)585283193
3Japan(JPN)507278200
4Kazakhstan(KAZ)23204285
5Thailand(THA)13152654
6Iran(IRI)11152248
7Uzbekistan(UZB)11141540
8India(IND)10172653
9Qatar(QAT)*9121132
10Chinese Taipei(TPE)9102746
11–38Remaining69108149326
Totals (38 entries)4284235421,393

Broadcasting

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A joint venture between Host Broadcast Services and IMG Media named the Doha Asian Games Broadcast Services (DAGBS), now International Games Broadcast Services (IGBS), was set up in September 2004 and served as the games' host broadcaster after being appointed by the organiser the following month.[116][117]It distributed 2,000 hours of the Games content to its international rights holders. The International Broadcast Centre was constructed in Qatar International Exhibition Centre (QIEC).[118]Viewers in theEuropeancontinent watch the event for the first time withEurosportas the region's broadcaster.

Controversies

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Athlete's death

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Kim Hyung Chil and Bundaberg Black prior to the accident.

South KoreanequestrianathleteKim Hyung-childied after falling off his horse on the morning of December 7 during the cross country competition which took place in the rain.[119]The accident occurred at jump number eight during the cross-country stage of the three-day eventing competition.[120][121]After the horse, named Bundaberg Black, rolled over him,[122]he was taken to Hamad General Hospital, with his death later confirmed by the organizing committee.[123] Kim died at around 10.50 am, shortly before noon Qatar time.[124]During the accident, he suffered from severe trauma to his head, neck and upper chest.[125]Kim's horse suffered a serious injury during the fall and was euthanised after the accident.[126]

According to South Korea National Olympic Committee president Kim Jung Kil, sources on the course said that the horse mistimed his jump in the wet conditions and slipped. South Korean officials are asking for an inquiry to determine if mismanagement or rain was the cause of the death.[127]

"In my professional opinion, neither the weather nor the footing had any bearing on this accident. If the horse falls, it's like two tons of bricks falling on you. There is nothing you can do about it," said Andy Griffiths, the Games event's technical overseer.[128]Christopher Hodson, vice president of the International Equestrian Federation, said the course was fit to ride when a full investigation into the accident was conducted.

Kim's father was anequestrianathlete for South Korea in the1964 Summer OlympicsinTokyoand the younger Kim won a silver medal at the2002 Asian GamesinBusanon the same horse.[129]

This is the eighth death linked to the 2006 Asian Games, and the first involving an athlete. The accident came four days after the road accident which killed Jagadammamdhu Sudanan Thampi, a 60-year-old female volunteer from India.[130][131][132]

Criticism

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Despite the opening ceremony, which received some high praise, there was some criticism by some delegations and athletes. Heavy rain poured down just after the end of opening ceremony, and many believed that the organizers did not have plans to deal with it, creating a chaotic situation. Chef de Mission of the Philippines, Butch Ramirez, said that some of the members of the Philippine delegation, including athletes, were soaked in the rain because the organising officials did not allow them to re-enter the covered stadium for shelter; instead they had to stay in the heavy rain for more than 30 minutes. He went on to say that the breakdown in transportation protocols due to the rain caused the athletes to rush to the nearest bus station, exposing them to rain. Ramirez said that he himself was a victim of pushing and shoving due to this chaos, and that because of it, he suffered from anasthmaattack.[133]

According to one IOC insider who arrived back at his hotel soaked, this incident hurt the chances of Doha hosting the2016 Summer Olympics,which Doha applied for on 25 October 2007, and lost on 4 June 2008 when they were eliminated from the pool. Transportation was one of the crucial factors involved in the decision process.[134]Doha would have its own metro system in 2019.

Persian Gulf naming dispute

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In brochures published in the lead-up to the games, thePersian Gulfwas referred to as the "Arabian Gulf." In response, Iranian state television accused the naming conventions to be influenced by a "Zionist"plot. Subsequently, Iran threatened to boycott the games if the brochures were not changed. The organizers relented and Iran competed.[135]

Doping

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The list of athletes who failed the doping test during the Games:

  • Myanmar's Than Kyi Kyi, the 48 kilogram weightlifter, tested positive for a banneddiuretic.[136]
  • Oo Mya Sanda, also of Myanmar, silver medalist for 75 kilogram weightlifting, tested positive for ametabolite.[136]
  • Uzbekistan's Elmira Ramileva, the 69 kilogram weightlifter, tested positive for ananabolic steroid.[136]
  • Alexander Urinov, also of Uzbekistan, the 105 kilograms weightlifter, tested positive forcannabis.[136]
  • Iraq's Saad Faeaz, a bodybuilder, disqualified from the Games after a bannedsteroidwas found in his luggage inDoha International Airport.[137]
  • Bahrain's Sayed Faisal Husain, silver medalist for 70 kilogram bodybuilding tested positive.[138]
  • Korea's Kim Myong-Hun, silver medalist for 90 kilogram bodybuilding tested positive.[139]

Gender test

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  • India'sSanthi Soundarajan,silver medalist for women's 800 metre run, was officially stripped of her medal after she failed a gender test.[140][141]

Bed shortage

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The Games' organizers faced significant bed shortages due to the record number of more than 13,000 athletes and officials who attended the 2006 Games. The Athletes' Village had space for only 10,500 people and was not large enough to accommodate the record amount of attendees. To resolve the problem, organizers contracted with three cruise ships to provide sleeping quarters.[142]

Last minute withdrawals

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The Football competition lost three teams due to withdrawals and a suspension, which resulted rescheduling of the format and draws. Following the withdrawal ofMaldiveswomen's football team in early November, the women's football competition was forced to redraw to ensure both groups had an equal number of teams.[143]Not much later,Turkmenistanannounced their withdrawal due to the lack of options available in Qatar.[144]Yemenalso withdrew because the team was unable to afford a drug test after some of their players were accused of doping.[145]

India made big changes to its team close to the opening ceremonies. On November 22, 2006, the Indian sports dropped eight of the 32 events they had previously announced that they would be contesting in the Games. The dropped events were basketball, handball,sepak takraw,triathlon, ten-pin bowling and rugby sevens. The events were dropped due to the lack of medal hopes and to cut costs. As a result, 387 athletes were sent to Doha instead of the original 589 proposed by theIndian Olympic Association.[146]

While volleyball also had three teams withdraw from the Games, Palestine withdrew due to the travelling difficulties caused by the closure of theGaza Stripborder. Indonesia and Turkmenistan also withdrew from the tournament, for unknown reasons, just hours before their first preliminary round match.[147]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Only an English motto was used during the Games. There is no Arabic equivalent of the motto adopted.

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edit
Preceded by Asian Games
Doha

XV Asian Games(2006)
Succeeded by

25°15′54″N51°27′02″E/ 25.26496°N 51.45061°E/25.26496; 51.45061