The2013 Moscow mayoral electionwas held on September 8, 2013, as part of the regional elections, at the same time as the elections inMoscow Oblastand otherOblastswere held.
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Elections were held after MayorSergey Sobyaninhad announced his departure on June 4. The elections were the first time in 10 years that citizens of thefederal cityof Moscow could choose theirmayorby apopular vote.[1]
Moscow is both a city and separatefederal subject,according to theConstitution of Russia.[2]Most of federal subjects areheaded by governors or presidents,but the office of the head of Moscow is calledMayor of Moscow,according to theCharter of the city of Moscow.[3]Sergey Sobyaninwon with 51.37% of the vote in the first round, withAlexei Navalnyreceiving 27.24% of the vote, significantly more than previously expected by the polls. Sobyanin was declared the winner after the first round. Voter turnout was 33.23%.[4]The total number of registered voters was 7,176,568.[5]
Background
editThe position of Mayor of Moscow was elected between 1991 and 2004. In 2004,Vladimir Putinsuggested a law to abolish direct elections of governors, the Moscow mayor, and presidents of Russian regions. The law was swiftly adopted by the parliament.[6]The new legislation moved theelection systemto anindirectone in whichparliamentary political partiesand thePresident of Russianominated a candidate who must then have been approved by theMoscow City Duma.Following the2011–13 Russian protestswhich followed the2011 parliamentary election,PresidentDmitry Medvedevoffered to re-introduce the direct elections of the governors and the mayor of Moscow, and corresponding legislation was approved by the Parliament.[7]
On June 5, 2013, the incumbentmayor,Sergey Sobyanin, who was nominated as mayor in 2010, announced his resignation from the post. Russian law allows the mayor to resign and run again for the same office if the president gives his approval.[8]A short time later, Sobyanin confirmed his intention to stand for election.[citation needed]
Regulations
editA candidate to the office must becitizenof the Russian Federation over the age of 30. Self-nomination of candidates for the post of Mayor of Moscow, and the collection of signatures of 1% of Moscow voters (about 73 000 signatures[9][10][11]) in support of the nomination shall be made within 30 days of the official publication of the decision to call the election. Or alternatively these signatures are not needed for candidates fromregistered political party.[12]
Each of the political parties (electoral blocks were cancelled in the early 2000s) can nominate only one candidate for the post of mayor. In this case, the candidate can not give consent to be nominated from several polling organizations. The candidate nominated by self-nomination cannot give consent to be nominated in the same election by an electoral association.[12]
A candidate for mayor of Moscow may have up to 100 "trusted representatives".[12]The maximum amount of a candidate's election fund shall not exceed 200 million rubles. In the second round of this amount may be increased by 10 percent.[12]
Municipal filter
edit
All registered candidates are required to pass so calledmunicipal filterintroduced be a federal law of 2012:[13]all candidates are required to receive support from at least 6% of elected municipal deputies or heads of municipalities. Those supporting municipal deputies should represent no less than 75% of the federal subject's municipalities. One deputy can only support one candidate.[12]For Moscow 2013 elections it means that every candidate should provide signatures of at least 110 elected municipal deputies representing 75% of all Moscow municipalities.[10]Since most municipalities are controlled by the United Russia party the municipal filter is especially hard to pass for the opposition candidates.[14]
Criteria for election
editTo be elected a candidate must get more than 50% of votes. If no one achieves 50%, a runoff is to be held in 14 days. Only the two most successful candidates from the first round participate in the second round.[12]
Election date
editIn a vote held on June 6, 27 members ofMoscow City Dumabacked the proposed date, and only two voted against it.[15]
Registered candidates
editRegistration for the election was completed on July 17.[16]
- Ivan Melnikov,from theCommunist Party of the Russian Federation,a professor atMoscow State University.[16]
- Nikolai Levichev,current Chairman ofA Just RussiaParty.[16]
- Mikhail Degtyarev,from theLiberal Democratic Party of Russia.[16]
- Sergey Sobyanin,running as self-nominated,[16]actingMayor of Moscow,one of the leaders of political partyUnited Russia,current member of bureau of the Supreme Council of the United Russia,[17]current member of presidium of Regional Council of the United Russia in Moscow[18]and the head (political council secretary) of the party's Moscow branch from March 2011 to December 2012.[17][19]
- Sergey Mitrokhin,current Chairman ofYablokoParty, former Head of Yabloko's Moscow branch and formerMoscow City Dumamember.[20]
- Alexei Navalny,running as the candidate of theRepublican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party(but he is nonpartisan citizen) and supported byRussian Opposition Coordination Council(he is a Coordination Council member), anti-corruption activist and blogger, one of the leaders ofRussian oppositionandprotesters in 2011–13,[20][21]informal leader of the unregistered political partyPeople's Alliance.
Potential candidates
editAbout 40 persons wanted to participate in the elections.[22]
- Gleb Fetisov,[22][24]one of the leaders ofAlliance of Greens – The People's Party,a member ofPublic Chamber of Russia,businessman, one of the owners ofAltimo
- Svetlana Peunova,[22][25]leader ofVolya Party
- Sergey Troitsky,[26]leader of thrash metal music bandCorrosia Metalla
- Alyona Popova,[27]Civilian Power
- Samson Sholademi,[28][29]businessman and blogger of African descent (formally he abandoned his campaign in protest against Sobyanin helping Navalny to pass the "municipal filter" ).
- only stated about their participation
- Andrey Nechaev,[30]formerMinister of Economic Development
- Maxim Suraykin,[31]leader of political partyCommunists of Russia
Results
edit
The results were (turnout was 32.07%):[32][33]
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sergey Sobyanin | Independent[a] | 1,193,178 | 52.17 | |
| Alexei Navalny | People's Freedom Party[b] | 632,697 | 27.67 | |
| Ivan Melnikov | Communist Party of the Russian Federation | 248,294 | 10.86 | |
| Sergey Mitrokhin | Yabloko | 81,493 | 3.56 | |
| Mikhail Degtyarev | Liberal Democratic Party of Russia | 66,532 | 2.91 | |
| Nikolai Levichev | A Just Russia | 64,778 | 2.83 | |
| Total | 2,286,972 | 100.00 | ||
| Valid votes | 2,286,972 | 98.47 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 35,610 | 1.53 | ||
| Total votes | 2,322,582 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 7,250,879 | 32.03 | ||
See also
editReferences
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- ^Constitution of the Russian Federation, 65-1
- ^"Устав города Москвы (утв. Московской городской Думой 28 июня 1995 г.) / Глава 1. Основные положения (ст.ст. 1 - 10)".Archived fromthe originalon November 22, 2017.RetrievedAugust 21,2013.
- ^"При Лужкове такого не было": москвичи показали рекордно низкую явку(in Russian).Rbc.ru.September 9, 2013. Archived fromthe originalon September 10, 2013.RetrievedSeptember 9,2013.
- ^"Сведения об общей численности избирателей, участников референдума Российской Федерации по состоянию на 1 июля 2013 года".Archived fromthe originalon September 5, 2013.RetrievedSeptember 17,2013.
- ^Цыбульский, Владимир (January 24, 2013).Синдром отмены(in Russian).Lenta.ru.Archivedfrom the original on August 25, 2024.RetrievedAugust 21,2013.
- ^"Russia's Medvedev Proposes Direct Elections Of Governors".Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.January 16, 2012.Archivedfrom the original on April 27, 2014.RetrievedJune 30,2013.
- ^"Sobyanin's Early Election Stunt".Moscow Times.June 12, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on September 23, 2013.RetrievedJune 29,2013.
- ^"Собянин собрал необходимое количество подписей избирателей - Газета.Ru | Новости".Archivedfrom the original on July 3, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^ab"Собянин собрал необходимые подписи избирателей в свою поддержку".July 2013.
- ^"Собянин сдал документы на регистрацию".Archivedfrom the original on August 14, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^abcdef"Выборы мэра Москвы 2013".Novoye Mneniye. Archived fromthe originalon November 14, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^Smaylov, Alexey."В России будет введен муниципальный отбор кандидатов в губернаторы".km.ru.Archivedfrom the original on July 26, 2012.RetrievedAugust 23,2013.
- ^"Муниципальный фильтр обернулся" бегом вокруг психбольницы "".RBC Information Systems.Archivedfrom the original on July 27, 2013.RetrievedAugust 23,2013.
- ^Лазуренко, Алексей (June 7, 2013).Выборы мэра Москвы пройдут в Единый день голосования 8-го сентября(in Russian). ОАО Телерадиокомпания «Петербург».Archivedfrom the original on August 25, 2024.RetrievedAugust 20,2013.
- ^abcdeЗавершена регистрация кандидатов на пост мэра Москвы(in Russian).Gazeta.ru.July 17, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on July 20, 2013.RetrievedJuly 19,2013.
- ^ab"Единая Россия официальный сайт партии / Кто есть кто".moscow.er.ru.Archived fromthe originalon May 26, 2012.RetrievedJune 6,2022.
- ^"Единая Россия официальный сайт партии / Кто есть кто / Президиум Регионального Политического Совета".Archived fromthe originalon August 12, 2013.RetrievedJuly 12,2013.
- ^"Sergei Sobyanin resigns as political council secretary of United Russia's Moscow branch / News / The official website of the Mayor and the Government of Moscow".Archived fromthe originalon December 16, 2013.RetrievedJuly 12,2013.
- ^abSmolchenko, Anna (July 17, 2013)."Navalny Moscow mayoral bid accepted ahead of verdict".Fox News.Archivedfrom the original on July 23, 2013.RetrievedJuly 18,2013.
- ^".-:::: Top.rbc.ru"А.Навальный стал кандидатом в мэры от РПР-ПАРНАС(in Russian). RBC Daily. June 14, 2013. Archived fromthe originalon July 19, 2013.RetrievedAugust 2,2013.
- ^abc"Мосгоризбирком завершил прием документов у кандидатов в мэры Москвы".RIA Novosti.June 11, 2013. Archived fromthe originalon January 12, 2014.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^Сведения о кандидатах на должность главы местного самоуправления(in Russian). Московская городская избирательная комиссия. Archived fromthe originalon September 12, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^Глеб Фетисов сдал в Мосгоризбирком подписи муниципальных депутатов.m24.ru(in Russian). July 11, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on September 17, 2013.RetrievedAugust 21,2013.
- ^"Светлана Пеунова сдала документы в МГИК, но без необходимого числа подписей депутатов"(in Russian). ИА REGNUM.Archivedfrom the original on August 25, 2024.RetrievedAugust 21,2013.
- ^"Музыкант Паук подал документы для выдвижения кандидатом в мэры Москвы".RIA Novosti.June 14, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on August 15, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^"Координатор волонтеров ЧС Алена Попова подала документы на участие в выборах мэра Москвы".24 June 2013.kasparov.ru.
- ^"Шоладеми решил снять свою кандидатуру с выборов в мэры Москвы".RIA Novosti.July 9, 2013.Archivedfrom the original on July 13, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^"Темнокожий блогер Шоладеми стал кандидатом в мэры Москвы".Polit.ru.Archivedfrom the original on July 6, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
- ^"Наталья Чернышева и Андрей Нечаев представили программу к выборам мэра Москвы".Moskovskiye Novosti.June 18, 2013. Archived fromthe originalon June 22, 2013.RetrievedAugust 22,2013.
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Notes
edit- ^Member of theUnited Russiaparty
- ^Non-partisan, but nominated byRPR–PARNAS
External links
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