Wikipedia

5th Bomb Wing

"5th Bombardment Wing" redirects here. For the 5th Bombardment Wing of World War II, see5th Air Division.

The5th Bomb Wing (5 BW)is aUnited States Air Forceunit assigned toAir Force Global Strike Command'sEighth Air Force.It is stationed atMinot Air Force Base,North Dakota. The wing is also the host unit at Minot. The 5 BW is one of only two active dutyBoeing B-52H Stratofortresswings in theUnited States Air Force,the other being the2nd Bomb WingatBarksdale Air Force Base,Louisiana. Also, stationed at Barksdale Air Force Base, and operating the B-52H is a third unit, the307th Bomb Wing,which is part of theAir Force Reserve Command.[2][3]

5th Bomb Wing
A 5th Bomb WingBoeing B-52taxis past theMinot AFBtower
Founded1949
CountryUnited States
BranchUnited States Air Force
RoleBomber
Part ofAir Force Global Strike Command
Eighth Air Force
Garrison/HQMinot Air Force Base
Nickname(s)the Warbirds
Motto(s)"Kiai o ka lewa"
Hawaiian:Guardians of the Upper Realms
EquipmentB-52H Stratofortress
Engagements
DecorationsSeehonors
Commanders
Current
commander		ColonelDaniel Hoadley
Vice commanderColonel Michael D. Maginness
Command ChiefChief Master SergeantTimothy J. Wieser
Notable
commanders		Brigadier General Robert F. Travis, Brigadier General Edwin B. Broadhurst, Brigadier General William R. Hodges, Brigadier General Ralph Pasini
Insignia
5th Bomb Wing emblem (approved 12 August 1954)[1]

Its5th Operations Groupis a successor organization of the5th Group (Composite),one of the 15 original combat air groups formed by the Army before World War II.

On 7 December 1941, the5th Bombardment Groupsuffered the loss ofB-17 Flying FortressandB-18 Bolobombers when theJapanese attacked Pearl Harbor,but it sent two B-17s to search vainly for the Japanese task force. After the attack, the group patrolled the waters off theHawaiian Islandsuntil November 1942, taking part in theBattle of Midway(3–6 June 1942). Active for over 60 years, the 5 BW was a component wing ofStrategic Air Command's heavy bomber deterrent force throughout theCold War.

Components

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The 5 BW is part of theAir Force Global Strike Command'sEighth Air Forceand is the host unit at Minot. Its current command staff consists ofColonel Bradley L. Cochran.,Wing Commander; andBrent S. Sheehan.,Wing Command Chief. The wing includes a total force of approximately 5,470 military members as well as 722 civilian employees.[4]

The 5 BW consists of the followingunits:

  • 5th Operations Group:[5]16 July 1949 – 16 June 1952 (detached 12 November 1949 – 10 February 1951); 1 September 1991–present.
  • 5th Maintenance Group[5]
    • 5th Munitions Squadron
    • 5th Maintenance Squadron
    • 5th Maintenance Operations Squadron
    • 5th Aircraft Maintenance Squadron
    • 705th Munitions Squadron
  • 5th Medical Group[5]
    • 5th Medical Operations Squadron
    • 5th Medical Support Squadron
  • 5th Mission Support Group[5]
    • 5th Civil Engineer Squadron
    • 5th Communications Squadron
    • 5th Force Support Squadron
    • 5th Security Forces Squadron
    • 5th Contracting Squadron
    • 5th Logistics Readiness Squadron

As the host unit at Minot, the 5 BW also controls the special staff functions of the inspector general, wing plans, the chaplain, staff judge advocate, arms control, command post, public affairs, history, and safety. The 5th Comptroller Squadron also reports directly to the 5 BW commander.

History

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For additional history and lineage, see5th Operations Group

Cold War

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Strategic reconnaissance

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31st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron RB-29 Superfortress 1949
5th SRW patch (1949–1955)[6]

The wing was established on 1 July 1949 and activated atMountain Home Air Force Base,Idaho two weeks later. In November it moved to its permanent station atFairfield-Suisun Air Force Base,California.[7]Until 1958, the wing underwent several name and assignment changes while continually upgrading its aircraft. Performed long-range strategic reconnaissance, July 1949 – October 1955, with some limited reconnaissance to September 1958. Operational squadrons were23d,[8]31st[9]and72d Strategic Reconnaissance Squadrons[10]flyingBoeing RB-17G/F-2/F-9/F-13aircraft (1947–49) and beginning in 1948, Boeing RB-29 Superfortress aircraft until 1951.

The wing performed operations to probe the eastern borders of the Soviet Union and China. Little was known about the air defense capability of the Soviet Union at this time and the most effective way of determining their capability was to probe the borders and see whether they would respond. Initially, the RB-17Gs and later aircraft (RB-29, RB-36D) mapped the perimeter of the Soviet Air Defenses from theBalticto theSea of Okhotsk,north of Japan.

This mission, along with many others, found that west of theBering Straitthere was virtually no radar coverage. As a result of these missions, USAF war plans were drawn up which directed a massive bomber attack to hit Russia from this direction, flying on to land in the Middle East or Africa, or more likely bailing out as the aircraft ran out of fuel. Gradually, during the 1950s, the Soviets began filling in the gaps in their radar coverage over northernSiberia,but large gaps on the outer perimeter between Alaska andMurmanskwere still wide open for many years to come.

The wing was fully integrated with the9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wingfrom 12 November 1949 to 10 February 1951. It maintained a manned headquarters, but had no operational control over assigned units, and from 1 February 1950 to 10 February 1951 shared a commander in common with the 9th Wing. On 16 June 1954 the wing, along with SAC's other B-36 reconnaissance wings were assigned bombing as their primary mission. However, they retained their designations as reconnaissance wings until later.[11]

Strategic bombardment

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5th Bomb Wing (1950s) emblem

In June 1951, the wing began converting to theConvair RB-36D Peacemaker.Later, B-36J models were assigned to the wing and it began maintaining proficiency in strategic bombardment in July 1953 but the 5th was not redesignated as the 5th Bombardment Wing until October 1955.

While stationed at Travis Air Force Base, the wing entered the jet age in on 13 February 1959 whenStrategic Air Command(SAC) assigned the wing SAC's firstBoeing B-52G Stratofortresses.[12]The 72d Squadron had departed forMather Air Force Base,California the previous July, where it formed the nucleus of the4134th Strategic Wingin a SAC program to disperse its Boeing B-52 Stratofortress bombers over a larger number of bases, thus making it more difficult for the Soviet Union to knock out the entire fleet with a surprise first strike.[13]The 23d and 31st Squadrons began to convert to B-52s at Travis.[8][9]With the conversion to B-52s, the wing gained the916th Air Refueling Squadronand itsKC-135A air refueling aircraft.[7]However, as SAC continued to disperse its B-52 force, the 31st Squadron moved toBeale Air Force Baseand was assigned to the4126th Strategic Wing.[9]

On 14 December 1960, a wing B-52G set a record breaking flight of 10,078.84 miles without refueling. The flight lasted 19 hours and 44 minutes.[14]Starting in 1960, one third of the wing's aircraft were maintained on fifteen-minutealert,fully fueled and ready for combat to reduce vulnerability to a Soviet missile strike. This was increased to half the squadron's aircraft in 1962.[15]The wing's 23d Bombardment Squadron and its people also saw combat overSoutheast Asiaduring theVietnam War.Its crews attacked targets in the region while supporting American and allied ground forces duringOperation Arc Lightbetween 1965 and 1968.

In December 1965, Secretary of DefenseRobert S. McNamaradirected a phaseout of a portion of SAC's B-52 force.[16]As a result, SAC terminated its wing at Travis in the summer of 1968. In order to preserve the heritage of one of the oldest units in the air force, the wing moved on paper toMinot Air Force Base,North Dakota on 25 July 1968 and absorbed the resources of the450th Bombardment Wing,which was inactivated.[7][17]The 450th Wing's906th Air Refueling Squadronwas reassigned to the 5th Wing,[7][17]while the 23d Bombardment Squadron replaced the 450th's720th Bombardment Squadron.[8][18]This move ended the wing's Southeast Asia deployments. At Minot, the wing flew the B-52H, which brought added vigor to its strategic deterrence mission. It also supported the post-attack command and control system (PACCS), July 1968 – December 1969.

In the summer of 1975, the wing gained theBoeing AGM-69A short range attack missile(SRAM), which enhanced the ability of the B-52H to penetrate and survive in this hostile environment. Armed with a nuclear warhead and equipped with a simple inertial guidance system, the AGM-69A was propelled to its range of 20 to 50 nautical miles (93 km) by a solid-propellant rocket motor. Each B-52 could carry up to 20 SRAMs, six on each of two wing pylons and eight on a rotary launcher located in the bomb bay.

Entering the 1990s, the 5th BW continued to set the standard as it deployed troops to thePersian Gulfas part ofOperation Desert Shield.During the war's air campaign, the wing joined U.S. and coalition bombers and fighters to defeatIraq’s air and ground forces.

In September 1991, the wing marked a historic moment in the final days of theCold Warwhen it pulled its aircraft from continuous alert status – a job it performed for 35 years. The wing was relieved of its air refueling mission in June 1992 On 1 June 1992, the 5th Wing became the 5th Bomb Wing following the activation ofAir Combat Command.

From the 1990s

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A 5th BW B-52H Stratofortress and munitions on display

The bomb wing saw combat again in the Persian Gulf duringOperation Desert Foxin December 1998. Months later, three Minot B-52s and crews joined the 2d Air Expeditionary Group atRAF Fairford,England, in support ofOperation Allied Forceover the formerFederal Republic of Yugoslavia.

Budgetary cuts in 1996 led to a need for further force reductions which reduced the 5th's B-52H fleet. The 72d Squadron was inactivated late in the year and their 12 aircraft were retired.

In the weeks following the11 September 2001 attacks,the wing deployed in support ofOperation Enduring Freedom.Flying from a forward operating location, bomber crews attacked strategic targets inAfghanistanto topple theTalibanregime.

In 2003, the wing deployed approximately 550 people and 14 B-52s toRAF Fairford,United Kingdom, within the U.S. European Commandarea of responsibilityto fly combat missions as part of the2003 invasion of Iraq.During the war, the wing's B-52s flew more than 120 combat missions and logged more than 1,600 combat flying hours. The bombers dropped more than 3 million pounds of weaponry, including conventional air-launched cruise missiles, joint direct attack munitions, gravity weapons, laser-guided bombs and leaflet dispensers. For the first time in combat history, a 5th BW crew employed a Litening II targeting pod to strike targets at an Iraqi airfield on 11 April 2003.

In March 2004, the wing sent six B-52s and over 300 support personnel toAndersen Air Force Base,Guam.The aircraft and crews supported U.S. Pacific Command operations to provide a stabilizing military force in the region.

In April 2005, the wing forward deployed aircraft and personnel to the40th Air Expeditionary Wingto fly combat missions over Afghanistan. Flying a mix of close air support and strike missions, 5th BW crews ensured success of ground combat units in meeting their objectives.

Today, the 5th's B-52Hs are a major component of the USAF's strategic bombing force, alongside theRockwell B-1B Lancerand theNorthrop Grumman B-2A Spirit.The USAF is currently considering converting some of its B-52Hs to EB-52Hs to act as a stand-off electronic warfare platform. During Operation Allied Force (the bombing ofSerbiaundertaken in an attempt to halt the ethnic cleansing ofKosovo), the USAF found that additional jamming aircraft were needed to supplement the current fleet ofGrumman EA-6 ProwlerA and B variants. With modern technology and advanced weapons like theJoint Direct Attack MunitionandAGM-159 JASSM,the wing's B-52 are expected to remain operational until the year 2040.

In 2007 the wing lost its commanding officer after Colonel Bruce Emig was removed in connection with the2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident,when negligent handling of nuclear weapons breached safety and security procedures. Emig was replaced by Joel S. Westa. Following that incident, the wing failed a nuclear surety inspection (NSI) conducted by theDefense Threat Reduction Agencyin May 2008. The wing, however, kept its certification to perform missions and training with nuclear weapons.[19][20]

On 30 October 2009 Westa was relieved as commander of the 5th Bomb Wing by Major General Floyd L. Carpenter, commander of Eighth Air Force. Carpenter stated that Westa was relieved due to his "inability to foster a culture of excellence, a lack of focus on the strategic mission… and substandard performance during several nuclear surety inspections, including the newly activated 69th Bomb Squadron." Colonel Douglas A. Cox was appointed new wing commander.[21]In January 2010, the 69th BS passed its initial NSI, and the wing as a whole passed a no-notice NSI.[22]

In June 2010, the wing once again deployed aircraft and personnel to Guam as part ofUnited States Pacific Command's continuous bomber presence mission. While providing forces for the continuous bomber presence, the wing also passed its Nuclear Surety Inspection in August 2010, and followed this 70 days later with a successful Nuclear Operational Readiness Inspection in November 2010.[23]

In 2017, the wing deployed in support ofOperation Inherent Resolve,targeted operations against theIslamic State.[24][25]

'Ghost Rider' restoration

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Lt. Col. Jeremy Holmes, 69th BS commander, peers out of a window of the B-52H Stratofortress 61-007 'Ghost Rider' at Minot AFB, 27 Sep 2016

B-52H 61-007 'Ghost Rider' made history when it became the first B-52 to ever be regenerated from long-term storage to flying condition. '61-007' had been in storage November 2008 at 309thAerospace Maintenance and Regeneration GroupatDavis-Monthan AFB,it took 19-months to prepare the 45-year-old bomber for flight. Colonel Keith Schultz (with 6500 hours had the most flight time on B-52s flying in the USAF)[26]CO of the 307th Operations Group, 307th Bomb Wing at Barksdale AFB was in charge of the flight from Davis-Monthan AFB to Barksdale AFB on 13 January 2015.[27]Co-pilot, Lt. Col. Darrell "Tim" Hines of the 10th Flight Test Squadron at Tinker AFB & radar-navigator Capt. Heath "Carl" Johnson of the 2nd Bomb Wing completed the crew.[28]

While at Barksdale AFB, members of the 76th Aircraft Maintenance Group from Tinker AFB removed modifications from the fire damaged B-52H '61-0049' that 61-007 is replacing and transferred them to the newly restored bomber.[29]On 14 December 2015 the bomber was then flown to Tinker AFB in Oklahoma for a full depot-level refurbishment. Tinker's portion of the $13M project was spread over 272 days, took 45,000 man-hours and was delivered 90 days earlier than planned.[30]

Pilots of Tinker's 10th Flight Test Squadron flew the B-52 on six test flights to verify system functionality and to ensure the bomber was safe to fly on 13 September 2016.[31]On 27 September 2016 'Ghost Rider' departedTinker AFBto join the 5th Bomb Wing atMinot AFB.[32]

Heraldry

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The wing emblem was first approved for its 5th Operations Group in 1924 and features a winged human skull on a black and green background.

Lineage

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  • Constituted as the 5th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing on 1 July 1949
Activated on 16 July 1949
Redesignated 5th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing, Heavy on 14 November 1950
Redesignated 5th Bombardment Wing, Heavy on 1 October 1955
Redesignated 5th Wing on 1 September 1991
Redesignated 5th Bomb Wing on 1 June 1992

Assignments

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Components

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Groups

Squadrons

  • 23d Strategic Reconnaissance (later, 23d Bombardment) Squadron: attached 10 February 1951 – 15 June 1952, assigned 16 June 1952 – 1 September 1991
  • 31st Strategic Reconnaissance (later, 31st Bombardment) Squadron: attached 10 February 1951 – 15 June 1952, assigned 16 June 1952 – 1 October 1959, attached 2 October 1959 – 18 January 1960
  • 72d Strategic Reconnaissance (later, 72d Bombardment) Squadron: attached 10 February 1951 – 15 June 1952, assigned 16 June 1952 – 1 July 1958
  • 129th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron:attached 14 October 1952 – 1 January 1953
  • 347th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron:attached 1 January 1953 – 12 September 1953
  • 906th Air Refueling Squadron: 25 July 1968 – 1 September 1991
  • 916th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 September 1959 – 25 July 1968

Stations

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  • Mountain Home Air Force Base, Idaho, 16 July 1949
  • Fairfield-Suisun Air Force Base (later Travis Air Force Base), California, 12 November 1949
  • Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota, 25 July 1968 – present

Major aircraft assigned

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Honors

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Campaign streamers

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  • World War II: Central Pacific; Guadalcanal; New Guinea; Northern Solomons; Eastern Mandates; Bismarck Archipelago; Western Pacific; Leyte; Luzon; Southern Philippines

Decorations

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  • Distinguished Unit citations: Woleai Island, 18 April 1944 – 15 May 1944; Borneo, 30 September 1944
  • Presidential Unit Citation (Navy): South Pacific, 1 December 1942 – 9 December 1942
  • Philippine Presidential Unit Citation (WWII)
  • Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with Combat "V" Device: 1 June 1999 – 31 May 2001
  • Air Force Outstanding Unit awards (3): 1 July 1983 – 30 June 1984; 1 July 1985 – 30 June 1986; 1 July 1991 – 30 June 1993

Awards

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  • Won the Omaha Trophy as the outstanding wing in SAC for 1985
  • Won the SAC Bombing and Navigation Competition and the Fairchild Trophy in 1988
  • Received the Omaha Trophy from U.S. Strategic Command as the best strategic aircraft unit for 2000[33]

See also

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References

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Notes

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  1. ^Robertson, Patsy (5 November 2007)."Factsheet 5 Bomb Wing".Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived fromthe originalon 29 September 2015.Retrieved28 June2014.
  2. ^"B-52 Stratofortress – U.S. Air Force – Fact Sheet Display".af.mil.
  3. ^"307th Bomb Wing-About Us".25 September 2021.Archivedfrom the original on 25 September 2021.
  4. ^"5th Bomb Wing".Minot Air Force Base.Retrieved29 November2018.
  5. ^abcd"5th Bomb Wing Units".Minot AFB.Retrieved23 July2024.
  6. ^The patch depicts the Distinctive Unit Insigne approved for the 5th Bombardment Group, based on the crest of the group's coat of arms.
  7. ^abcdRavenstein, pp. 14–16
  8. ^abcMaurer,Combat Squadrons,pp. 121–122
  9. ^abcMaurer,Combat Squadrons,pp. 152–153
  10. ^Maurer,Combat Squadrons,pp. 264–265
  11. ^Knaack, p. 42
  12. ^Knaack, p. 275
  13. ^"Abstract (Unclassified), Vol 1, History of Strategic Air Command, Jan–Jun 1957 (Secret)".Air Force History Index.Retrieved4 March2014.
  14. ^Knaack, p. 282
  15. ^"Abstract (Unclassified), History of the Strategic Bomber since 1945 (Top Secret, downgraded to Secret)".Air Force History Index. 1 April 1975.Retrieved4 March2014.
  16. ^Knaack, p. 248 n.41
  17. ^abRavenstein, pp. 245–246
  18. ^Maurer,Combat Squadrons,pp. 718–719
  19. ^"Defense Nuclear Surety Inspection conducted at Minot".Air Combat Command.31 May 2008. Archived fromthe originalon 2 June 2008.Retrieved5 September2015.
  20. ^Hoffman, Michael (30 May 2008)."5th Bomb Wing flunks nuclear inspection".Air Force Times.Retrieved5 September2015.
  21. ^Rolfsen, Bruce (31 October 2009)."5th Bomb Wing CO relieved of command".Military Times.Retrieved5 September2015.
  22. ^Hebert, Adam J. (2010)."Strike Command Steps Up".Air Force.93(June).Retrieved9 June2010.
  23. ^Hernandez, Jose L. (23 November 2010)."Safe, secure, effective confirmed".Minot Air Force Base Public Affairs.Archived fromthe originalon 25 December 2010.Retrieved5 September2015.
  24. ^https:// dvidshub.net/news/404661/5th-bomb-wing-change-command
  25. ^https:// afcent.af.mil/Units/379th-Air-Expeditionary-Wing/News/Display/Article/1491187/the-buff-passes-bomber-torch-after-two-years-pummeling-isis-taliban-targets/
  26. ^"The" Ghost Rider "B-52 Rises From The Grave To Ride Again".Retrieved25 August2019.
  27. ^"Return of the 'Ghost Rider'".Retrieved25 August2019.
  28. ^"Mothballed B-52 gets a second chance".Retrieved25 August2019.
  29. ^"'Ghost Rider' in the sky: B-52 departs Tinker in historic flight ".Retrieved25 August2019.
  30. ^"Resurrected B-52H 'Ghost Rider' Reenters Active Service At Minot AFB".Retrieved25 August2019.
  31. ^"'Ghost Rider' in the sky: B-52H departs Tinker in historic flight ".Retrieved25 August2019.
  32. ^"'Ghost Rider' in the sky: B-52H departs Tinker in historic flight ".Retrieved25 August2019.
  33. ^"STRATCOM Deputy Commander tours Minot presents Omaha Trophies".2011. Archived fromthe originalon 9 October 2015.Retrieved5 September2015.

Bibliography

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This article incorporatespublic domain materialfrom theAir Force Historical Research Agency

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