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TheAK-230is aSovietradar-controlled 30mm navalanti-aircraftautocannon.It is mounted in an enclosed automatic turret and directed byradar.The AK-230 is widely used,[1]mounted on large warships as well as small craft. About 1450 guns were produced in the USSR, and about 300 were produced in China as the Type 69. It was succeeded by the more powerfulAK-630from the mid-to-late 1970s.
| AK-230 | |
|---|---|
 AK-230 mounted on Finnish minelayerKeihässalmi | |
| Type | CIWS |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1969-1990s |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1956 |
| Produced | 1959-1984 |
| No.built | 1750 |
| Variants | SeeVariants |
| Specifications | |
| Mass |
|
| Length | 2.140 m (7.02 ft) |
| Barrellength | 1.897 m (6.22 ft) |
| Width | 2.1 m (6.9 ft) |
| Height | 1.46 m (4.8 ft) |
| Crew | 2 (remote) |
| Cartridge | 30x210mmB |
| Cartridgeweight | 1.07 kg (2.4 lb) to 1.13 kg (2.5 lb) |
| Caliber | 30mm |
| Barrels | 2 |
| Action | Gas-operatedrevolver cannon |
| Rate of fire | 1000 rpm (per barrel) |
| Muzzle velocity | 1,050 m/s (3,400 ft/s) |
| Maximum firing range |
|
| Feed system | 500-roundbelt |
Development and service
edit
Development of the weapon began during the 1950s, with the first trial weapon fitted to theOsaclassof fast attack missile boats andShershenclasstorpedo boats. The weapon was officially accepted into service in 1969. Its service life was relatively short due to the fielding of theAK-630system in the mid-1970s, which uses the same mountings and can be controlled by the same fire control systems. While its 30×210 mm round was much more powerful than the AK-630's 30×165 mm one, having themuzzle velocityof 1,050 m/s (3,400 ft/s) (the same as with 30×173 mmGAU-8's cartridge), the moderately powered AK-630's round allowed for much higher rates of fire, especially in aGatling-type weapon,which was considered more advantageous for theanti-aircraft system.
Description
editThe weapon consists of two stabilizedNN-3030 mm water-cooled four chamberrevolver cannons,which are mounted inside a riveted steel turret. The gun mechanism isgas operated.[1]The guns each weigh 155 kg (342 lb) and have barrels 1,930 mm (76 in) long, and a total length of 2,670 mm (105 in). The barrels are rifled with 12 grooves. The guns each have a rate of fire of 1,000 round per minute; they are fed by independent 500-round belts of ammunition.[2][3]
The rounds are electrically fired; propellent gases are used to eject the spent shells and belt links into a space between the magazine and the hull. The ballistic maximum range for the weapon is about 6.7 km (4.2 mi), but realistic ranges for engaging air targets are quoted as between 2.5 to 4 km (1.6 to 2.5 mi).
The weapon is remote-directed, typically by a fire-control system linked to either a MR-104Rys(NATO reporting name:Drum Tilt) orMR-103Bars(NATO reporting name:Muff Cobb) radar systems.
Ammunition
editThe AK-230 fires specially developed 30x210B 30 mm ammunition that is electrically primed. Two rounds were developed: a high-explosive round with an impact fuze, and an armour-piercing round. The Chinese Type 69 fires only a locally produced version of the high-explosive round. Ammunition is also produced in Romania andSerbia.
| Type | HE | AP-T |
|---|---|---|
| Designation | OF-83D | BR-83 |
| Weight | ||
| Round | 1.13 kg (2.5 lb) | 1.12 kg (2.5 lb) |
| Projectile | 0.27 kg (0.60 lb) | 0.35 kg (0.77 lb) |
| Explosive content | 30 g (1.1 oz) of A-IX-2 |
- |
| Muzzle velocity | 1,050 m/s (3,400 ft/s) | |
Specifications
edit- Calibre:30 mm
- Traverse:+180 to -180 degrees at 35 degree/s[citation needed]
- Elevation:-12 to +87 degrees at 50 degree/s[citation needed]
- Mounting weight:1,857 to 1,905 kg (4,094 to 4,200 lb)
- Rate of fire:2,000 rpm (system)[citation needed]
- Gun Weight:156 kg (344 lb)
- Gun Length oa:2.140 m (7 ft 0.3 in)
- Bore Length:1.897 m (6 ft 2.7 in)
- Rifling Length:1.805 m (5 ft 11.1 in)
- Grooves:12
- Chamber Volume:221.1 cm3(13.49 cu in)
- Rate Of Fire:over 1,000 rounds per minute cyclic
Variants
edit- AK-230A type- For ships with 220 VDCpower systems.
- AK-230B type- For ships with 380 VACpower systems.
- AK-230M- Less magnetized version forminesweepers(380 V AC).
- Type 69- Chinese upgraded version, total weight 3,600 kg. Shells are ejected outside of the turret. a faster 50 degree/second traverse.
Platforms
editAK-230
edit- Soviet cruiser Mikhail Kutuzov- 8 mounts
- Polnocny-class landing ship- 2 or 4 mounts
- Parchim-class corvette- 1 mount
- Soviet cruiser Admiral Senyavin- 8 mounts (after 1972 modernization)
- Kanin-class destroyer- 4 mounts (after modernization)
- Kotlin-class destroyer- 4 mounts (after modernization)
- Osa-class missile boat- 2 mounts
- Stenka-class patrol boat- 2 mounts
- Shershen-class torpedo boat- 2 mounts
- Koni-class frigate- 2 mounts
- Aist-class LCAC- 2 mounts
AK-230M
edit- Vanya-class minesweeper- 1 mount
- Yurka-class minesweeper- 2 mounts
- Natya-class minesweeper- 2 mounts
References
edit- ^abNorman Friedman (2006).The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapon Systems.Naval Institute Press. p. 468.ISBN978-1-55750-262-9.
- ^"Russia / USSR 30 mm/63 (1.2" ) AK-230 - NavWeaps ".navweaps.2024-05-31. Archived fromthe originalon 2024-05-31.Retrieved2024-10-27.
- ^"30mm AK-230 | Weaponsystems.net".weaponsystems.net.2023-11-09. Archived fromthe originalon 2023-11-09.Retrieved2024-10-27.
General references
edit
- Jane's Naval Weapon Systems Issue Thirty Three
- Navy Weapons
- Koll, Christian (2009).Soviet Cannon - A Comprehensive Study of Soviet Arms and Ammunition in Calibres 12.7mm to 57mm.Austria: Koll. p. 323.ISBN978-3-200-01445-9.