Wikipedia

Richard B. Spencer

(Redirected fromAlternativeRight)

For the British painter, seeRichard Ball Spencer.For other people, seeRichard Spencer (disambiguation).

Richard Bertrand Spencer(born May 11, 1978)[2]is an American political commentator mostly known for hisneo-Nazi,antisemiticandwhite supremacistviews.[3][4]Spencer claimed to have coined the term "alt-right"and was the most prominent advocate of the alt-right movement from its earliest days.[3][5]He advocates for the reconstitution of theEuropean Unioninto awhiteracial empire, which he believes will replace the diverse European ethnic identities with one homogeneous "White identity".[6][7][8]

Richard B. Spencer
A photograph of Richard Spencer holding a microphone and pointing
Spencer in 2016
Born(1978-05-11)May 11, 1978(age 46)[1]
Boston, Massachusetts,U.S.
EducationSt. Mark's School of Texas
Alma mater
Occupation(s)Author, publisher
Known for
Political partyIndependent
Movement
Spouse
Nina Kouprianova
​
​
(m.2010;div.2018)​
Children2

Spencer has advocated for the enslavement ofHaitiansby whites and for theethnic cleansingof the racial minorities of the United States,[9]additionally expressing admiration for the political tactics ofAmerican Nazi PartyfounderGeorge Lincoln Rockwell.[10][11]He was a featured speaker at the August 2017Unite the Right rallyin Charlottesville, Virginia, among other neo-Nazi rallies that he has headlined.[12]

Spencer has repeatedly used Nazi gestures and rhetoric in public. In early 2016, Spencer was filmed giving theNazi salutein a karaoke bar, and leaked footage also depicts Spencer giving theSieg Heilsalute to his supporters during the August 2017 Charlottesville rally.[13]AfterDonald Trump was elected presidentin 2016, Spencer urged his supporters to "party like it's 1933," the year Hitlercame to powerin Germany.[14]In the weeks following, Spencer quotedNazi propagandaand denouncedJews.[15]At a conference Spencer held celebrating the election, Spencer cried: "Hail Trump, hail our people, hail victory!"; subsequentlyMike Enochled a number of Spencer's supporters in performing a Nazi salute and a chant similar to the Sieg Heil chant.[16][17]In early-to-mid-2017, when Spencer's following was at its height, his supporters would give him theSieg Heilsalute when he entered a room.[18]

Following the Unite the Right rally, Spencer has been involved in several legal issues. After the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, during which an alt-right supporterdrove a car into a group of counter-protesters,killing one and injuring at least 19 others,[19][20][21]Spencer was sued as part ofSines v. Kesslerfor allegedly acting as a "gang Boss" and inciting the killing.[22][23]On November 23, 2021, the jury found Spencer liable on two counts and were unable to reach verdicts for another two, awarding $25 million in total damages.[24][25]Three supporters of Spencer were charged with attempted homicide following his October 2017 speech at theUniversity of Florida.[26]Following an appeal by the Polish government, he was banned from theSchengen Areain 2018,[27][28]having been banned previously in 2014 after being deported from Hungary.[29][30][31]

Spencer largely ceased to be an effective leader of the alt-right movement after March 2018, following violence outside a Michigan State University event where he was speaking.[32]

Spencer has frequently contradicted his own previous statements about his beliefs and ideals; in one text exchange in 2022, he told a journalist that he "no longer identifies as a white nationalist."[33][34][35][36]As of 2024, he was still operating the web-based white nationalist publicationRadix Journal.[32]

Early life

Richard Bertrand Spencer was born in 1978 inBoston,Massachusetts, the son ofophthalmologistRand Spencer and Sherry Spencer (néeDickenhorst), the heiress to cotton farms in Louisiana.[37][38]He grew up inPreston Hollow,Dallas,Texas.[39]Spencer attendedSt. Mark's School of Texas,thenColgate Universityfor one year before transferring to theUniversity of Virginia.[37][39]In 2001, he received aBachelor of Artsin English Literature and Music from theUniversity of Virginiaand, in 2003, aMaster of Artsin the Humanities from theUniversity of Chicago.[37][39]From the summer of 2005 into 2006, Spencer attendedVienna International Summer University.[39]From 2005 to 2007, he was aPhDstudent in Modern European intellectual history atDuke University.He joined the Duke Conservative Union, where he met futurePresident Trump's senior policy advisorStephen Miller.[37][39]His former website says he did not complete his PhD at Duke in order "to pursue a life ofthought-crime".[39]

Activities

Early activities

From March to December 2007, Spencer was the assistant editor atThe American Conservativemagazine.[39]According to founding editorScott McConnell,he was fired fromThe American Conservativebecause his views were considered too extreme.[40][39]Spencer spoke about theDuke lacrosse caseand credits it with changing the course of his career.[41]From January 2008 to December 2009, he served as the executive editor ofTaki's Magazine,a libertarian online magazine published byTaki Theodoracopulos.[39][42]He has claimed credit for coining the termalt-rightin 2008 in order to differentiate himself from "mainstream American conservatism", althoughPaul Gottfriedargues that both he and Spencer created the term.[43]

In March 2010, Spencer founded AlternativeRight, a website he edited until 2012.[29]In January 2011, he became the owner and executive director ofWashington Summit Publishers.[39]In January 2011, Spencer became president and director of theNational Policy Institute(NPI), a White supremacist think tank based in Virginia, which was once run from his mother's $3 million summer house.[44][29]George Hawley, an assistant professor of political science at theUniversity of Alabama,has described NPI as "rather obscure and marginalized" until Spencer became its president.[45]

Spencer was invited to speak atVanderbilt Universityin 2010 andProvidence Collegein 2011 byYouth for Western Civilization.[46][47]In 2012, he foundedRadix Journalas a biannual publication of Washington Summit Publishers.[42][29]Contributions have included articles byKevin B. MacDonald,Alex Kurtagić,andSamuel T. Francis.[29]He also hosts a weekly podcast, "Vanguard Radio".[29]

In 2014, Spencer was deported fromBudapest,Hungary. Under terms of theSchengen Agreement,he was banned for three years from 26 countries in Europe after trying to organize the National Policy Institute Conference, a conference for White nationalists.[29][30][31]

Alt-right leader

On January 15, 2017, the day ofMartin Luther King Jr.'s birthday, Spencer launched theAltRight Corporationand its websitealtright,another commentary website for alt-right members.[29]According to Spencer, the site is apopulistandbig tentsite for members of the alt-right.[48]Swedish publisherDaniel FribergofArktos Mediais co-founder and European editor of the site.[49]TheSouthern Poverty Law Centerof the United States describes the common thread among contributors asantisemitism,rather than White nationalism or White supremacy in general.[50][51]Contributors to AltRight have included Henrik Palmgren andJared Taylor.[52][53]On February 23, 2017, Spencer was removed from theConservative Political Action Conference,where he was giving statements to the press. A CPAC spokesman said he was removed from the event because other members found him "repugnant".[54]

White nationalist protesters clash with police during theUnite the Right rallyin Charlottesville, Virginia.

On May 13, 2017, he led a torch-lit protest inCharlottesville, Virginia,against the vote of the city council to remove astatue of Robert E. Lee,the commanding general of theConfederateArmy of Northern Virginiaduring theAmerican Civil War.[55]Spencer andDavid Dukewere among those who led the crowd in chants of "You will not replace us," and "Blood and soil".[56][57][58]Michael Signer,the mayor of Charlottesville, called the protest "horrific", and stated that it was either "profoundly ignorant" or intended to instill fear among minorities "in a way that hearkens back to the days of the KKK".[55][57][59]

In August 2017, Spencer was listed as an organizer on posters promoting the Charlottesville, Virginia,Unite the Right rally.It attracted counter-protesters, and violence broke out. One rightist drove his car into a group of counter-protesters, killing one woman and wounding 30 so severely they needed hospital treatment.[12]In November 2017,Twitterremoved from Spencer's account the blue checkmark that, reportedThe Washington Post,"the company gives to prominent accounts to help readers ensure they are authentic". Spencer toldThe Posthe was worried this would lead to Twitter banning people like him.[60]He later joined the social networkGab.[61]

In November 2019,Milo Yiannopoulosreleased an audio recording of Spencer using racist slurs immediately after the 2017 Unite the Right rally. Spencer said he did not recall making the remarks, but did not deny the voice on the recording was his (see#White identity).[62][63][64]

A 2022 publication by the Southern Poverty Law Center stated "Spencer's efforts to stage events, and the alt-right movement around him, crumbled in March 2018" following violence outside a Michigan State University event where Spencer was speaking. Following this, Spencer largely ceased to be an effective leader of the movement.[32]

Public speaking

Short clip of Spencer speaking in November 2016

During a speech Spencer delivered in mid-November 2016 at an alt-right conference attended by approximately 200 people in Washington, D.C., Spencer quotedNazi propagandain the original German and denouncedJews.[15]Audience members cheered and gave theNazi salutewhen he said, "Hail Trump, hail our people, hail victory!"[15][65]and extended his right arm with a glass to toast that victory.[66]Spencer later defended their conduct, stating that the Nazi salute was given in a spirit of "irony and exuberance".[67]It was later reported that Spencer had given the Nazi salute at akaraokebar in April 2016.[13]Additionally, in 2017, sources indicate Spencer pressured followers to give him theSieg Heilsalute when he entered a room. Leaked texts indicate that those who refused to give the Nazi salute to Spencer, such asJason Kessler,were stigmatized within the movement.[18]

Groups and events which Spencer has spoken to include theProperty and Freedom Society,[68]theAmerican Renaissanceconference,[69]and theHL MenckenClub.[70]In November 2016, anonline petitionto prevent Spencer from speaking atTexas A&M Universityon December 6, 2016, was signed by thousands of students, employees, and alumni.[71]A protest and a university-organized counter-event were held to coincide with Spencer's event.[72]

Richard Spencer speaking about The "Alternative Right" in the United States in 2010 – video byProperty and Freedom Society

On January 20, 2017, Spencer attended theinauguration of Donald Trump.As he was giving an impromptu interview on a nearby street afterwards, a masked man punched Spencer in the face, then fled.[73][74]A video of the incident was posted online, leading to divergent views on whether the attack was appropriate.[75]

Shortly after the violentUnite the Right rallyinCharlottesville, Virginia,in August 2017, theUniversity of Floridadenied Spencer's request for a September 2017 speaking opportunity, citing public safety grounds after opposition from students and locals ofGainesville, Florida.[76]Due to safety reasons, he was also denied speaking requests atLouisiana State UniversityandMichigan State Universityin August 2017.[77][78]In September 2017, Cameron Padgett, who tried to book Spencer, sued MSU; he was represented by Kyle Bristow, an MSU alumnus.[79][80]

On August 16, during a television interview with IsraeliChannel 2anchorDanny Kushmaro,Spencer claimed that "Jews are vastly over-represented in... 'the establishment', that is,Ivy Leagueeducated people who really determine policy ".[81]

Spencer's National Policy Institute, David Duke,Stefan Molyneux,andAmerican Renaissancemagazine were among the white nationalist outlets banned byYouTubefrom their platform in late June 2020 for not following the platform's policies on hate speech.[82]

Public response

Speech at the University of Florida

After the University of Florida's August 2017 denial of Spencer's request to speak the following month, Floridian lawyer Gary Edinger threatened to sue the university for violating theFirst Amendmentby prohibiting Spencer from speaking despite being a publicly funded institution. The university subsequently reached an agreement with Edinger allowing Spencer to speak on October 19, 2017.[83]Florida GovernorRick Scottdeclared astate of emergencyforAlachua Countyon October 16, saying: "I find that the threat of a potential emergency is imminent" as a result of Spencer's appearance.[61][84]

On October 19, 2017, Spencer spoke at theCurtis M. Phillips Center for the Performing Artson university grounds. In addition to Spencer, the speakers includedElliott Kline(using the pseudonym "Eli Mosley" ) ofIdentity Evropa,a white supremacist group from California, andMike Enoch,a white nationalist blogger.[85][86]The event's security costs reportedly amounted to an estimated $600,000.[87]It drew about 2,500 protestors, vastly outnumbering Spencer's supporters.[88][89]

The speech, which was Spencer's first public appearance after the Charlottesville rally, was disrupted by loud protests.[90][91][92]When drowned out by chants from the audience, he grew visibly frustrated, stating that the protestors were interfering with his freedom of speech. He added: "You are all engaged in what's known as theheckler's veto."According toClay Calvert,director of the Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project at theUniversity of Florida College of Journalism and Communications,non-violent protesting, booing and suggesting that the speaker leave was not aheckler's veto in law.The speech and the concurrent protests were largely peaceful.[89][93]

Later that day, three of Spencer's supporters were arrested on felony charges following an alleged discharge of a firearm, directed at protestors leaving the event. The three suspects were residents of Texas who had traveled to Florida to hear Spencer speak. According to theGainesville Police Department,they had shouted "Hail Hitler" and gave Nazi salutes immediately before the alleged attack. Authorities said that two of the suspects had known links to extremist groups.[94]The men had participated in the August 2017Unite the Right rally,where Spencer had been scheduled to speak.[95][96]All three were charged with attempted homicide.[97]

In the aftermath of the October 19 events,Ohio State Universitydeclined Spencer's request to allow him to speak on campus, citing "substantial risk to public safety". In response, a lawyer representing Spencer's associate and organizer of his speaking tour filed a lawsuit against the university.[98]

Opposition in Montana

TheNational Policy Institutethink tank,AlternativeRight,andRadix Journalall use the same mailing address inWhitefish, Montana.[99]

In 2013, a dispute withneoconservativelobbyistRandy ScheunemannatWhitefish Mountain ResortinMontanadrew public attention to Spencer and his political views.[100]

In 2014, a pro-tolerance group affiliated with the Montana Human Rights Network rallied against Spencer's residency in Whitefish. In response, the city council approved a non-discrimination resolution.[101]

In December 2016, Republican RepresentativeRyan Zinke,Republican SenatorSteve Daines,Democratic SenatorJon Tester,Democratic GovernorSteve Bullockand Republican Attorney GeneralTim Foxcondemned a neo-Nazi march that had been planned for January 2017.[102]The community of Whitefish organized in opposition to the event, and the march never occurred.[103]Also in December 2016, Spencer announced he was considering an independent run forMontana's at-large congressional districtin the2017 special election,although he ultimately did not enter the race.[104][105][106]

European Union bans

European governments and media have responded to his visits. During his speaking tour in Hungary in 2014, Spencer was mocked by the Hungarian newspaperNépszabadságfor his call for "a white Imperium" through a revival of the Roman Empire, and for his claim to be a "racial European", ideas that the newspaper called contrived and without any basis inEuropean history.[107]In the aftermath of his visit, Hungarian Prime MinisterViktor Orbánpressed through legislative measures which banned his entry and condemned Spencer.[108]The government of Poland has also banned him from entering the country and condemned Spencer,[109]citing his Nazi rhetoric, the anti-Polish and anti-Slavicracism of the Nazis,and the Nazis'genocide of Slavic peoplesduringWorld War II.[27]In July 2018, Spencer was detained atKeflavík AirportinReykjavík,Icelanden route to Sweden and was ordered by Polish officials to return to the United States; the successful effort of the Poles to ban Spencer from other parts of Europe arises from theSchengen Agreement.[110]

Views

White identity

Spencer believes inwhite prideand the unification of a pan-European "white race"in a" potential racial empire "resembling theRoman Empire.[6][7][8]In an interview withCNN,he was criticized for an apparent inconsistency or lack of clarity in his definition of white, with his interviewer saying that Spencer defined Syrians as white in the context ofSteve Jobs's role in developing theiPhone,but described them as a non-white presence in Europe in the context of theSyrian refugee crisis.[111]

In 2013, theAnti-Defamation Leaguecalled Spencer a "leader" in white supremacist circles, and said that after leavingThe American Conservative,he rejectedconservatism,because he believed its adherents "can't or won't represent explicitly white interests".[112]

While being interviewed byDavid Pakman,he was asked if he would condemn theKu Klux KlanandAdolf Hitler;he refused by saying: "I'm not going to play this game", while stating that Hitler had "done things that I think are despicable", without elaborating on which things he was referring to.[113]

In a 2016 interview forTimemagazine, Spencer said he rejected white supremacy and the slavery of nonwhites, preferring to establish America as awhite ethnostate.[114]He also advocates the creation of a white ethnostate in Europe that would be open to all "racial Europeans".[6][7][8][115][116]Jason Wilson inThe Guardianhas argued that Spencer and other white nationalists are appropriating some elements ofsocialistrhetoric to critique a "notion of capitalism centered on stereotypes of Jews".[117]

According to political scientist Tamir Bar-On, Spencer defends "racialist and anti-Semitic agendas" of theOld Rightunder a newmetapoliticalguise, acting as a cultural influencer rather than a direct political actor, and using various media outlets to "disseminate his views to ordinary people in an accessible manner".[118]

Audio of Spencer speaking in Charlottesville in August 2017 was leaked byMilo Yiannopoulosin November 2019, in which Spencer reacted to the aftermath of the Unite the Right rally and the death of Heather Heyer; in the recording, Spencer says: "We are coming back here like a hundred fucking times. I am so mad. I am so fucking mad at these people. They don't do this to fucking me. We are going to fucking ritualistically humiliate them. I am coming back here every fucking weekend if I have to. Like this is never over. I win! They fucking lose! That's how the world fucking works. Little fuckingkikes.They get ruled by people like me. Little fuckingoctaroons... my ancestors fucking enslaved those little pieces of fucking shit. I rule the fucking world. Those pieces of fucking shit get ruled by people like me. They look up and see a face like mine looking down at them. That's how the fucking world works. We are going to destroy this fucking town. "[63]

Ethno-nationalism

According to theSouthern Poverty Law Center,Spencer has advocated for a white homeland for a "dispossessed white race", and called for "peaceful ethnic cleansing" to halt the "deconstruction" of what he describes as "white culture".[42][119][120]To this end he has supported what he has called "the creation of a White ethnostate on the North American continent", an "ideal" that he has regarded as a "reconstitution of theRoman Empire".[115][116]Spencer claims to be a "white Zionist" and praised Israel'sJewish nation-state law,[121]saying: "Jews are, once again, at the vanguard, rethinking politics and sovereignty for the future, showing a path forward for Europeans."[122]His position was described as disingenuous as the alt-right does not usually supportZionism.[123]

Prior to theUK vote to leavetheEU,Spencer expressed support for the multi-national bloc "as apotential racial empire"and an alternative to" American hegemony ", stating that he has" always been highly skeptical of so-called 'Euro-Skeptics' ".[124]

Nazi rhetoric

Spencer has made frequent use of Nazi rhetoric and gestures in his public speeches.[27]He calledDonald Trump's 2016 presidential election "the victory of will", a phrase evoking the title ofLeni Riefenstahl'sTriumph of the Will(1935), a Nazi-era propaganda film.[15]Spencer urged his supporters to "party like it's 1933," the year Hitler came to power in Germany.[14]In the weeks following, Spencer quotedNazi propagandaand denouncedJews.[15]

At a conference Spencer held celebrating Trump's election, he mentioned the "mainstream media" in those terms: "or perhaps we should refer to them in the original German:Lügenpresse",meaning 'lying press' or 'press of lies', a term frequently used byJoseph Goebbelsin Nazi propaganda.[125][126]Spencer ended his speech with: "Hail Trump, hail our people, hail victory!", and a number of his supporters gave the Nazi salute and chanted in a similar fashion to theSieg Heilchant.[16][17]Spencer also admiresGeorge Lincoln Rockwell,the founder of theAmerican Nazi Party,for using "shock as a positive means to an end".[10]

Support for Donald Trump

Spencer supportedDonald Trumpin the2016 presidential election.[15]Following Trump's appointment ofSteve Bannonas chief White House strategist and senior counselor, Spencer said Bannon would be in "the best possible position" to influence policy.[127]

By 2018, however, Spencer had distanced himself from Trump, saying on Twitter that "the Trump moment is over, and it's time for us to move on." TheSouthern Poverty Law Centerreported that, around the same time, the white nationalist movement as a whole was dissatisfied with Trump's presidency, particularly because they believed Trump had failed to put a stop to non-white immigration into the US.[128]

In a July 2019 interview on CNN, he called Trump's tweet about four congresswomen (telling them to "go back" to where they came from) "meaningless", as he believed Trump was practicing a "con game" in not clearly developing a white nationalist agenda. He stated that Trump was merely providing "tweets that are meaningless and cheap and express the kind of sentiments you might hear from your drunk uncle while he's watching [Sean]Hannity."[129]

In 2020, following theassassination of Iranian general Qasem Soleimani,Spencer said that he regretted voting for Trump.[130]In August of that year, Spencer said he would be voting forJoe Bidenand the straight Democratic ticket in the2020 election."The MAGA/Alt-Right moment is over. I made mistakes; Trump is an obvious disaster; but mainly the paradigm contained flaws that we now are able to perceive. And it needs to end," Spencer wrote. "So be patient. We'll have another day in the sun. We need to recover and return in a new form." The Biden campaign renounced his support.[131][132]

Spencer endorsedKamala Harrisin the2024 election,claiming that "Donald Trump and the MAGA movement bring nothing but stupidity and chaos."[133]

Gender roles

During the 2016 United States presidential election, Spencer tweeted that women should not be allowed to make foreign policy.[134][135]He also stated in an interview withThe Washington Postthat his vision of America as a white ethnostate includes women returning to traditionalrolesas childbearers andhomemakers.[136][137]In October 2017, when asked his opinion on American women having the right to vote, he said: "I don't necessarily think that that's a great thing" after stating that he was "not terribly excited" about voting in general.[135]

Spencer opposessame-sex marriage,[138]which he has described as "unnatural" and a "non-issue", commenting that "very few gay men will find the idea of monogamy to their liking".[139] Despite his opposition to same-sex marriage, Spencer barred people withanti-gay viewsfrom the National Policy Institute's annual conference in 2015.[140]

Health care

Spencer supportslegal access to abortion,in part because he believes it would reduce the number ofblackandHispanicpeople, which he says would be a "great boon" towhite people.[37]Spencer also supports a nationalsingle-payer health caresystem because he believes it would benefit white people.[141][142]

Christianity

Spencer is anatheist,[143]although he also believes that theChristian churchpreviously held some pragmatic value, because Spencer believes that it helped unify the white population of Europe. He opposes traditional Christian values as a moral code, due to the fact that Christianity is auniversalizingreligion, rather than anethnic religion.Spencer references his views on Christianity as being influenced by the German philosopherFriedrich Nietzsche.[37][144][145]Citing Nietzsche'scriticism of anti-Semitism and nationalism,Scott Galupo writing forThe Week,Sean Illing forVox,and Jordan Harris forThe Courier-Journalhave described Spencer's interpretation of Nietzsche's philosophy as incorrect.[144][146][147]Spencer'sRadix Journalhas promotedpaganism,running titles such as "Why I am a pagan".[148]Spencer has also described himself as a "cultural Christian".[149]

Geopolitics

Spencer states he voted for DemocratJohn Kerryover incumbent RepublicanGeorge W. Bushduring the2004 United States presidential election,because Bush stood for "thewar".[150]

Spencer criticized President Trump's administration for escalatingtensions between the U.S. and Iran.In January 2020, Spencer tweeted: "To the people of Iran, there are millions of Americans who do not want war, who do not hate you, and who respect your nation and its history. After our traitorous elite is brought to justice, we hope to achieve peace, reconciliation, and forgiveness."[130]

Spencer has advocated for the US pulling out ofNATO,and called Russia the "sole white power in the world" in 2016. His former partner, Nina Kouprianova, under her pen name Nina Byzantina referred to herself as a "Kremlin troll leader" and regularly aligned to Kremlin talking points, with ties toAleksandr Dugin,a far-right ultranationalist Russian leader in theEurasianismmovement and writer ofFoundations of Geopolitics.The webzine founded by Spencer in 2010, called Alternative Right, accepted direct contributor pieces from Dugin.[151]Kouprianova has translated several books written by Dugin.[152][153]The books were later published by Spencer's publishing house, Washington Summit Publishers.[154]

Libertarianism

In the late 2000s, Spencer was involved in thelibertarian movement,supportinglibertarian Republicanpresidential candidateRon Paul[155]and hosting him at his discussion club, the Robert Taft Club.[37]Spencer later disavowed libertarianism as incompatible with white nationalism, and in 2017 he came into conflict with libertarians after reportedly attempting to "crash" an International Students for Liberty conference.[156]

Current self-description

Spencer has frequently contradicted his own previous statements about what he believes and how he identifies himself ideologically. In a single text exchange in 2022, he told a journalist for the feminist websiteJezebelthat he "no longer identifies as a white nationalist." In June 2022, he described himself onBumbleas "politically moderate".[33][34]

Influences

According to political scientist Tamir Bar-On, "Spencer's key intellectual influences are largely those thinkers concerned with winning the 'cultural war' against egalitarianism, liberal democracy, capitalism, socialism, and multiculturalism, "citing Nietzsche, theGerman Conservative Revolution(includingCarl Schmitt,Ernst Jünger,andMartin Heidegger),French New Righttheorists likeAlain de BenoistandGuillaume Faye,along with other far-right figures such asJulius Evola,Francis Parker Yockey,Aleksandr Dugin,and "US right-wingers with a penchant for race-driven politics or anti-Semitism" likeSam Francis,Jared Taylor,andKevin B. MacDonald.[157]

Sines v. Kessler

See also:Sines v. Kessler

In June 2020,Norman K. Moon,the federal district judge presiding overSines v. Kessler,a civil rights lawsuit that stemmed from the violence at the Unite the Right rally in 2017,[158]allowed Spencer's lawyer, John DiNucci, to withdraw from the case, on the grounds that Spencer owed DiNucci a significant amount in legal fees, and also was not cooperating with him in preparing the case; Spencer thereafter represented himself. At the time of DiNucci's withdrawal, Spencer also faced a $500 fine and two weeks in a county jail in Montana if he did not pay over $60,000 he owed to theguardian ad litemrepresenting his children's interests in Spencer's ongoing divorce proceedings there. Ultimately, Spencer avoided going to jail after settling the debt.[159]

On November 23, 2021, the jury reached a mixed verdict in the case. Along with the other defendants, Spencer was found liable on two counts; civil conspiracy under Virginia state law, and race-based harassment or violence.[24]The jury deadlocked on the remaining two charges of conspiracy to commit racially motivated violence, and whether defendants had knowledge of the conspiracy and failed to prevent it from taking place.[158][160]Jurors awarded more than $25 million in total damages, with Spencer personally liable for $700,000 in punitive damages.[24][25]Spencer stated he would appeal the judgement, saying the "entire theory of that verdict is fundamentally flawed."Roberta Kaplanmeanwhile said that the plaintiffs' lawyers plan to refile so that a new jury can decide on the deadlocked claims.[161]

Personal life

In 2010, Spencer moved toWhitefish, Montana.He says he splits his time between Whitefish andArlington, Virginia,[115][162]although he has said he has lived in Whitefish for over 10 years and considers it home.[163]As of 2017, Spencer was renting an apartment in Alexandria, Virginia.[164]He moved out in August 2018.[165]Prior to his marriage, Spencer's dating history included Asian women,[166]which he has said predates his white nationalism, though this evaluation is disputed.[167]

Spencer married Nina Kouprianova in 2010, with whom he has two children.[168]He separated from Kouprianova, a Russian-Canadian withGeorgianroots,[169]in October 2016;[40]in April 2017, Spencer said he and his wife were not separated and were still together.[170]

In October 2018, Kouprianova accused him, in divorce documents, of multiple forms of abuse.[171][172][173]Kouprianova provided hours of recordings and text messages to the press in order to substantiate her allegations.[172]Court documents detailed emotional abuse, financial abuse, and violent physical abuse, including when Kouprianova was four months pregnant, and frequently in front of their children.[174]According to media reports, the recordings and text messages show Spencer telling his wife that he will "fucking break [her] nose," encouraging her to commitsuicide,and apologizing for previous incidents of physical abuse.[175]A caregiver to the children testified in court about Spencer's abuses towards both her and Kouprianova.[175]Spencer denied all allegations made against him, and was not charged with a crime.[175]

References

  1. ^@RichardBSpencer (November 2, 2023)."Within me are four souls"(Tweet).RetrievedNovember 6,2023– viaTwitter.
  2. ^Eguiliz, Laura (January 23, 2017)."El líder racista de" Poder Blanco "es golpeado en plena calle"[The racist leader of "White Power" is punched in the street].TikiTakas(in Spanish).Archivedfrom the original on March 11, 2021.RetrievedJanuary 11,2021.
  3. ^abBar-On 2019,p. 225: "Spencer has been dubbed a 'neo-Nazi', 'White supremacist', and 'ethnic nationalist'."
  4. ^Further sources:
  5. ^*Peoples, Steve (July 24, 2016)."Energized White supremacists cheer Trump convention message".Cleveland,Ohio:Associated Press.Archived fromthe originalon March 29, 2017.RetrievedNovember 23,2021.
  6. ^abc"Meet the white nationalist trying to ride the Trump train to lasting power".Archivedfrom the original on August 20, 2022.RetrievedJune 25,2018.
  7. ^abc"Richard Spencer speaks at University of Florida today. Who is he?".USA Today.Archivedfrom the original on June 24, 2018.RetrievedJune 25,2018.
  8. ^abc"'Euro-Skepticism' Skepticism ".March 12, 2017. Archived fromthe originalon March 12, 2017.
  9. ^Holt, Jared (May 14, 2018)."Richard Spencer: U.S. Military Should Have Enslaved Haitians After Hurricane Instead Of Providing Relief".Right Wing Watch.Archivedfrom the original on December 19, 2019.RetrievedDecember 10,2019.
  10. ^abMiller, Michael E. (December 16, 2018)."The shadow of an assassinated American Nazi commander hangs over Charlottesville".The Washington Post.Archivedfrom the original on October 30, 2019.RetrievedAugust 21,2017.
  11. ^*"White Nationalists' Enthusiasm For Trump Cools".NPR.January 13, 2017.Archivedfrom the original on July 11, 2019.RetrievedJune 21,2019.
  12. ^abnbc29: "ADL Lists Kessler, Other 'Unite The Right' Speakers as White Supremacists"ArchivedAugust 29, 2017, at theWayback Machine,July 25, 2017
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  169. ^Richard Spencer's Russian Wife Talks Trump, Utopia: Full InterviewArchivedDecember 3, 2017, at theWayback Machine By Diana Bruk • 09/19/17
  170. ^Spencer, Richard (April 19, 2017)."Richard Spencer's Full Q&A at Auburn University".YouTube.Archivedfrom the original on April 23, 2019.RetrievedJune 4,2017.Audience Member: Your ex-wife is a Russian American and you have a child together. Please explain that. Spencer: She's not my ex-wife. Audience Member: Or you're separated, right? Spencer: No. Audience Member: Okay, so the thing I said is that you are separated or whatever. So you're still together? Spencer: Yes
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