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Apostolic administration

See also:Catholic Church hierarchy § Equivalents of diocesan bishops in law

Anapostolic administrationin theCatholic Churchis administrated by aprelateappointed by thepopeto serve as theordinaryfor a specific area. Either the area is not yet adiocese(a stable 'pre-diocesan', usually missionary apostolic administration), or is adiocese,archdiocese,eparchy or similar permanent ordinariate (such as aterritorial prelatureor aterritorial abbacy) that either has nobishoporarchbishop(an apostolic administratorsede vacante,as after an episcopal death, resignation or transfer to other (arch)diocese) or, in very rare cases, has an incapacitated (arch)bishop (apostolic administratorsede plena). The title also applies to an outgoing (arch)bishop while awaiting for the date of assuming his new position.

Characteristics

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Apostolic administrators of stable administrations are equivalent incanon lawwithdiocesan bishopsandarchbishops,meaning they have essentially the same authority as a diocesan bishop and archbishop. This type of apostolic administrator is usually the bishop or archbishop of atitular see.

Administratorssede vacanteorsede plenaonly serve in their role until a newly chosen diocesan bishop or archbishop takes possession of the (arch)diocese. They are restricted by canon law in what they can do to the (arch)diocese they temporarily administer. For example, such an administrator may not sellreal estateowned by the diocese or archdiocese. This type of administrator is commonly anauxiliary bishopand a priest serving as thevicar generalof the (arch)diocese, or theordinaryof a neighboring (arch)diocese.

Normally when a diocese or archdiocese falls vacant, either the previously appointedcoadjutor bishoptakes possession of the see, or (a successor is not yetinstalled or assumed office) avicar capitularor(arch)diocesan administratoris chosen locally but the pope, being head of the Catholic Church, may decide to name an administrator himself instead of waiting for the college of consultors of a particular diocese or archdiocese to appoint a diocesan or archdiocesan administrator where it is then called an apostolic administrator. Sometimes a retiring, promoted or transferred (arch)bishop is designated to be apostolic administrator until his successor is installed; sometimes the metropolitan or a fellow suffragan is appointed.

Apostolic administrations

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In March 2021, there were the following stable apostolic administrations, most administered by a (titular or external) bishop.[1]

Most are of the Roman rite; most are in former or currentcommunistcountries.

Some apostolic administrations have jurisdiction not only over Latin Rite Catholics, but also over Catholics of other rites, not having their own jurisdictions there:

Also some apostolic administrations have jurisdiction only over Catholics of theByzantine Rite,that not having their own jurisdictions there:

Diocese of Pyongyang

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TheDiocese of Pyongyang,North Korea:its last official bishop,Francis Hong Yong-ho,wasimprisonedby thecommunist regimeofKim Il Sungin 1949 and laterdisappeared.The MetropolitanArchbishop of Seoul(South Korea) acts as the apostolic administrator forPyongyang,as religion is suppressed in North Korea.

Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney

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In addition, thePersonal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianneyis a non-territorial jurisdiction, similar to apersonal prelature,which is exempt, i.e. immediately subject to the Holy See, not part of any ecclesiastical province. It is a separateparticular churchfortraditionalist Catholicswithin the BrazilianDiocese of Campos,a suffragan of theMetropolitan Archdiocese of Niterói.

The personal apostolic administration was formed by Pope John Paul II to administer to a group of traditionalist Catholic priests, using theTridentine Mass,who reconciled with Rome on January 18, 2002. The group had been formed by BishopAntônio de Castro Mayerand had been associated with theSociety of St. Pius Xof ArchbishopMarcel Lefebvre.[7][8][9]

Outgoing (arch)bishops

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While awaiting for the date of assuming his new position or installation, the outgoing (arch)bishop can still serve as bishop or archbishop of a diocese or an archdiocese and at the same time act as the apostolic administrator of a/an (arch)diocese he currently leads from the announcement or appointment to assuming into his new position.

Temporary administration of vacant sees

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It is fairly typical that the pope can decide to name an administrator himself to a diocese or archdiocese which lacks an ordinary (bishop or archbishop) called as apostolic administrator instead of waiting for the college of consultors of a particular (arch)diocese to appoint adiocesan or archdiocesan administrator.Usually, the emeritus (arch)bishop will be appointed in such a case. If the appointed apostolic administrator is a diocesan bishop or archbishop of a diocese or archdiocese, then he governs two (arch)dioceses which are his own and the vacant one, with the latter being temporarily while a successor of a vacant (arch)diocese is not yet installed or assumed office. Recently (and in exception to the latter), the archdiocese ofSt. Andrews and EdinburghhadPhilip Tartagliaunder this procedure.

For example,Luis Antonio Tagle,Archbishop of Manila,was appointed as Prefect of theCongregation for the Evangelization of Peopleson 8 December 2019 and ended his tenure as the archdiocese's archbishop when he took office in 9 February 2020.Broderick Soncuaco Pabillo,then-Auxiliary BishopofManila,was then appointed as apostolic administrator until CardinalJose Advinculabecame Tagle's successor as archbishop in 24 June 2021.

Ruperto Cruz Santos,fourthBishop of BalangainBataanandSocrates Buenaventura Villegas' successor for 13 years, 3 months, and 21 days from 1 April 2010 to 22 July 2023 and assumed office on 8 July 2010 (4,860 days), ended his tenure as the diocese's bishop when he became fifthBishop of Antipolohaving jurisdiction overMarikinainMetro Manilaand the province ofRizalupon his installation on 22 July 2023 to succeedFrancisco Mendoza de Leonwho retired as bishop on the said date of July 2023.Florentino Galang Lavarias,Archbishop of San Fernando, Pampanga,was then appointed as the diocese's apostolic administrator while awaiting for the installation of Santos' successor as Bishop of Balanga.Honesto Flores Ongtioco,second Bishop of Balanga from 18 June 1998 to 28 August 2003 who succeeded Celso Nogoy Guevarra andBishop of CubaoinQuezon Citysince 28 August 2003, served as the apostolic administrator ofMaloloscovering the province ofBulacanand the city ofValenzuelafrom 11 May 2018 to 21 August 2019 due to the death ofJose Francisco Oliveroswho served as the diocese's fourth bishop for 14 years from 14 May 2004 to 11 May 2018.

Michael Yeung Ming-cheung,the Bishop ofHong Kong,died on 3 January 2019. CardinalJohn Tong Hon,Bishop Emeritus, was appointed as apostolic administrator.

There is also the ability for the pope to appoint an apostolic administratorsede plena.Anthony Sablan Apuron,theArchbishop of Agaña,was under investigation for sexual abuse in June 2016;Pope FrancisappointedSavio Hon Tai-faias apostolic administratorsede plena,as temporary replacement. On 31 October 2016,Michael J. Byrnes,then Auxiliary Bishop ofDetroit,was appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Agaña with full administrative authority, and later succeeded as archbishop.

Former apostolic administrations

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Latin in Europe

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Eastern Catholic in Europe

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Latin Overseas

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In Asia
In America
In Africa

See also

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Notes and references

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  1. ^Apostolic AdministrationsGCatholic.org.Accessed 2014-07-11.
  2. ^"Rinunce e nomine".Archived fromthe originalon 2015-05-21.
  3. ^"press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2015/05/16/0373/00816.html - Translator".microsofttranslator.
  4. ^https:// pillarcatholic /p/from-6-to-6000-meet-the-bishop-of?utm_source=publication-search
  5. ^Acta Apostolicae Sedis, 32 (1940),p. 139-140.
  6. ^Acta Apostolicae Sedis, 97 (2005),p. 131-132.
  7. ^Personal Apostolic AdministrationsGGatholic.Accessed 2008-04-10.
  8. ^Traditionalist schism in Brazil endsArchivedOctober 14, 2004, at theWayback Machine(January 18, 2002).Zenit News Agency.Accessed 2008-04-10.
  9. ^Apostolic Administration of São João Maria VianneyCatholic-Hierarchy.org.Accessed 2008-04-10.
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