Wikipedia

BAS hybrid

BAS(belted alternator starter) is a category of automotiveparallel hybridtechnology that uses anelectric motorto contribute power to theinternal combustion engine'scrankshaftvia aserpentine belt.By mounting this motor generator unit in the conventional location traditionally used for the standard automotivealternator,it permits a low-cost method of addingmild hybridcapabilities such as start-stop, power assist, and mild levels ofregenerative braking.BAS systems differ from other mild hybrid systems as they are not run off the vehicle's crankshaft.

Toyota

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Toyota Crown SedanSuper Deluxe Mild Hybrid

In June 2001,Toyotaintroduced a BAS hybrid system under the Toyota Hybrid System-Mild (THS-M) brand name.[1]It operates similarly to other mild hybrids with astart-stop system,in that it shuts down the engine as the vehicle comes to a stop and instantly restarts it when the brake pedal is released.

THS-M is capable of modest power assist during launch acceleration and similarly modest levels of "blended" regenerative braking during deceleration. A 36-voltlead–acid battery(housed in the vehicle's trunk and operating in a42-volt electrical system) is used to operate a permanent magnet motor/generator unit mounted to the engine in a similar fashion to a conventional alternator. Then, through a high-tension drive belt, the motor/generator unit is capable of starting or assisting the engine. A conventional 12-volt battery and starter motor are retained and used whenever the engine is cold as during initial start-up.

Although unable to operate in pure all-electricEVmode, THS-M improves city and highwayfuel efficiencyover non-hybrid versions. According to Toyota, the system provides a 15% increase in fuel economy.[1]The system is designed to be simple and easily adaptable across a wide range of vehicles, with no significant modifications required to the vehicle chassis to accommodate the system. This allows THS-M vehicles to be produced on the same assembly line as non-hybrid versions, producing substantial cost savings and allowing production to be adjusted more easily.

The first production model equipped with THS-M was theeleventh generation Toyota CrownRoyal Saloon Mild Hybrid, introduced in August 2001, combining the system with a 3.0 L2JZ-FSEstraight-six engine.[2]It was followed in October 2002 by theToyota Crown SedanSuper Deluxe Mild Hybrid, which combines the system with a 2.0 L1G-FEengine.[2]

General Motors

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Generation I BAS

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General Motorsintroduced a BAS hybrid system in the 2007Saturn VueGreen Line. The BAS is in the 2008–2009Chevrolet MalibuHybrid.[3]It operates on the same principle as Toyota's THS-M using a 36-volt electrical system (at 42–45 volts).

According to the EPA, the 2009 Saturn Vue BAS hybrid garners an improvement of 32% city (19>25mpg) and 24% highway (26>32mpg) making the combined economy improvement 27% (22>28mpg) over the base 4-cylinder FWD version.[4]The system is reasonably simple and inexpensive, making BAS equipped vehicles some of the least expensive hybrids available.[5][6][7]

Vehicles with the BAS system use a conventional4T45-Eautomatic transmissionwhich has been modified to include a more efficient final-drive ratio and includes an electrically driven pump to provide pressure in auto-stop mode. Theair conditioningcompressor continues to be operated through a belt-driven pulley, but for fuel economy improvement it can be disabled in auto-stop mode if the "ECO" A/C mode has been selected by the operator.

Cobasys,which supplies the BAS system's battery pack, had to conduct a recall in 2008 due to apparent internalleakageof the battery modules.[8]

Citing supplier issues and slow sales, GM has relegated the 2010 model year BAS hybrids to "fleet only" status.[9]

Generation II BAS (eAssist)

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At theLA Auto Show,on November 15, 2010, General Motors announced that it would be releasing an all-new version of the BAS system available in the 2012Buick LaCrosse.[10]While still a Belted Alternator Starter system, the system is named eAssist and includes a larger more powerful Hitachi-supplied[citation needed]115-volt lithium-ion battery and a 11.2 kW (15.0 hp) motor-generator that delivers 79 lb⋅ft (107 N⋅m) of torque. The additional power provided by the more powerful battery and motor provides the ability to contribute more power, and more often able to electrically start and assist the 2.4L engine. The eAssist system also includes a specially modifiedGM 6T406-speed automatic FWD transaxle.[11][12]

Generation III (BAS3)

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A third generation was introduced in the 2016Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierraand can improve fuel efficiency by about 13%. This adds about 100 lb (45 kg) to the total weight of the truck but provides an additional 13 hp (10 kW) and 44 lb⋅ft (60 N⋅m). The eAssist system includes a modifiedGM 8L90automatic transmission.It uses the same battery cells from theChevrolet Malibu Hybridand the software is a modified version of theChevrolet Volt's.[13][14]

Other names

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  • Belt-driven starter generator (BSG)
  • Belt-driven integrated starter generator or belt mounted integrated starter generator (BISG or B-ISG)
  • Belt-driven starter alternator or belted starter alternator (BSA)
  • Dynastart

Vehicles

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ab"Toyota's" Mild Hybrid "System Boosts Fuel Efficiency 15%"(Press release). Japan: Toyota. 2001-06-12.Retrieved2022-10-19.
  2. ^ab"Technical Development-HV and FC".Toyota. 2012.Retrieved2022-10-21.
  3. ^[1]ArchivedDecember 18, 2007, at theWayback Machine
  4. ^"Side-by-Side Comparison".Fueleconomy.gov.Archivedfrom the original on 6 December 2010.Retrieved2010-12-04.
  5. ^[2]ArchivedJune 22, 2007, at theWayback Machine
  6. ^"Saturn Aura Green Line - Review".Hybrid Cars.Retrieved2012-01-27.
  7. ^Sam Abuelsamid."Saturn Aura Green Line approved for tax credit".Green.autoblog.Retrieved2012-01-27.
  8. ^Korzeniewski, Jeremy (2008-06-03)."Doh! Battery leakage hurts GM hybrid production — Autoblog".Autoblog.Retrieved2010-12-04.
  9. ^Stoll, John D.; Terlep, Sharon (June 11, 2009)."GM Pulls Plug on Hybrid Model".The Wall Street Journal.
  10. ^Migliore, Greg; Vaughn, Mark (2011-10-15)."L.A. auto show: Buick gives the LaCrosse an electric assist".AutoWeek.Retrieved2011-08-25.
  11. ^"2012 LaCrosse Comes Standard With New eAssist Fuel-Saving Technology, For 37 Mpg Highway Fuel Economy In A Full-Size Sedan"(Press release).General Motors.2010-11-15.Retrieved2010-12-04.
  12. ^"2012 Buick LaCrosse eAssist achieves up to 37 mpg highway".Autoblog Green.2010-11-16.Retrieved2011-08-25.
  13. ^Smirnov, Andre (19 November 2016)."2017 GMC Sierra 1500 eAssist Hybrid: Is There Future in Hybrid Pickup Trucks? [Video] - The Fast Lane Truck".tfltruck.Retrieved5 April2017.
  14. ^"Chevrolet Introduces 2016 Silverado with eAssist".media.gm.Retrieved5 April2017.
  15. ^"Versatile and efficient: mild-hybrid technology".Audi MediaCenter.Retrieved13 March2018.
  16. ^"Second-generation Audi A7 Sportback features standard 48V MHEV system with gasoline or diesel engines".Green Car Congress.Retrieved13 March2018.
  17. ^"features".fiat.it(in Italian).Retrieved2024-07-23.
  18. ^Ruiz, Álvaro (2023-10-27)."Probamos el Fiat Panda Hybrid: el coche con etiqueta ECO más barato no puede ser más básico, pero cumple con lo que promete".Motorpasión(in Spanish).Retrieved2024-07-23.

Bibliography

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