Aballoon catheteris a type of "soft"catheterwith aninflatable"balloon" at its tip which is used during a catheterization procedure to enlarge a narrow opening or passage within thebody.The deflated balloon catheter is positioned, then inflated to perform the necessary procedure, and deflated again in order to be removed.
Some common uses include:
- angioplastyorballoon septostomy,viacardiac catheterization(heart cath)
- tuboplastyviauterinecatheterization
- pyeloplastyusing a detachable inflatable balloon stent positioned via acystoscopictransvesicular approach.
Angioplasty balloon catheters
editBalloon catheters used in angioplasty are either of Over-the-Wire (OTW) or Rapid Exchange (Rx) design. Rx catheters nowadays are about 90% of the Coronary Intervention market. While OTW Catheters may still be useful in highly tortuous vascular pathways, they sacrifice deflation time and pushability. When a balloon catheter is used to compress plaque within a clogged coronary artery, it is referred to as aplain old balloon angioplastyor POBA.[1]Balloon catheters are also utilized in the deployment ofstentsduringangioplasty.Balloon catheters are supplied to thecath labwith a stent pre-mounted on the balloon. When thecardiologistinflates the balloon it expands the stent. When the cardiologist subsequently deflates the balloon, the stent stays behind in the artery and the balloon catheter can be removed. Stents that are used in conjunction with a balloon catheter are known as balloon expandable stents, as opposed to self-expandable stents, typically made of Nitinol alloy or polyester.
Ureteric (pyeloplasty) balloon catheter
editUreteric balloon cathetersare used to treat ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstructions[2]caused by intrinsic wall factors asfibrosisand / or hypertrophic wall problems. They can also help to solve Brickers bladder (also calledIleal conduit) problems. Their application is significantly less invasive than other treatments forobstructive uropathy.
See also
edit- Foley catheter,a catheter with an inflatable balloon to retain it in theurinary tract.
References
edit- ^Albiero, Remo."Cutting Balloon Versus Conventional Balloon Angioplasty for the Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease | ECR Journal".ecrjournal.Retrieved25 January2022.
- ^Overtoom TT, Vijverberg PL, van Es HW, van Selm S, van Heesewijk HP (2009), "Treatment of Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Using a Detachable Inflatable Stent: Initial Experience",American Journal of Roentgenology,192(4): 1103–1106,doi:10.2214/AJR.08.1296,PMID19304721
External links
edit- Video of how the original balloon embolectomy catheter works.From MIT Press.