Wikipedia

Bank Hall

For other uses, seeBank Hall (disambiguation).

Bank Hallis aJacobeanmansioninBretherton,Lancashire, England. It is a Grade II*listed buildingand is at the centre of a private estate, surrounded by parkland. The hall was built on the site of an older house in 1608 by the Banastres who werelords of the manor.The hall was extended during the 18th and 19th centuries. Extensions were built forGeorge Anthony Legh Keckin 1832–1833, to the design of the architectGeorge Webster.

Bank Hall
Daffodils on the Tower Lawn at Bank Hall with a view of the south elevation of the hall
The daffodils on the tower lawn at Bank Hall
LocationBretherton,Lancashire,England
Coordinates53°40′32″N2°48′54″W/ 53.6756°N 2.8151°W/53.6756; -2.8151
Area18 acres (7.3 ha) [Gardens]
Built1608
Built forWilliam/Henry Banastre (1608)George Anthony Legh Keck(1832)
Demolished(North East Wing ~ approx 1940)
Rebuilt18th century (?)
19th century (1832–1833)
RestoredJuly 2017 – September 2020
ArchitectGeorge Webster
1832 [Renovation]
Architectural style(s)Jacobean
Listed Building– Grade II*
TypeEnglish Heritage
Designated22 October 1952
Reference no.1362113
Bank Hall is located in the Borough of Chorley
Bank Hall
Location in theBorough of Chorley

Legh Keck died in 1860 and the estates passed toThomas Powys, 3rd Baron Lilford.The contents were auctioned in 1861 and the hall used as a holiday home and later leased to tenants. During the Second World War theRoyal Engineersused it as a control centre. After the war the estate was returned to the Lilfords whose estate offices moved to the east wing of the house until 1972 when the house was vacated. The building was used as a location for the 1969 filmThe Haunted House of Horror.

The house was vandalised causing rapid deterioration. In 1995 theBank Hall Action Group (now Friends of Bank Hall)was formed to raise public awareness, collect funds, host events and clear the overgrown grounds. In 2003 Bank Hall was the first building to be featured in the BBC'sRestorationtelevision series. Since 2006 the action group andUrban Splashhave planned to restore the house as apartments retaining the gardens, entrance hall and clock tower for public access and theHeritage Trust for the North West(HTNW) plans to renovate the potting sheds and walled gardens.

History

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For centuries Bank Hall was the manorial home of a branch of the Banastre family, lords of the manor descended from theNormanRobert de Banastre, who built amotte and baileycastle atPrestatynin about 1164. In 1167 the Banastres fled whenOwain Gwynedd,Prince of North Wales, destroyed the castle and the family escaped to Cheshire and Lancashire.[1][2] In 1315 Sir Adam Banastre, who had extensive landholdings elsewhere in the county, led theBanastre RebellionagainstThomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster,and was summarily beheaded atCharnock Richardwhen the rebellion failed.[3]

A structure from the time ofElizabeth Iis recorded onChristopher Saxton's map from 1579.[4]In 1608 the Banastres built the first phase of the present hall and demolished the old building. The hall was constructed to a Jacobean style, rectangular in plan with two rooms to the east, a room and staircase to the west and a grand hall in the centre containing a screen and fireplace. It is possible that there may have been a timber structure where the east wing stands and other wooden wings that were replaced as the house was extended. Recorded in the 1666Hearth tax,of the 99 hearths in Bretherton, Bank Hall had 12.[5]

The last of the Banastres, Christopher who wasHigh Sheriff of Lancashirein 1670, died in 1690 leaving two daughters. The property was inherited by the eldest, Anne who married Thomas Fleetwood. He planned to drain the surrounding marsh lands.[6]He made the first unsuccessful attempt to drainMartin Merein 1692. In 1714 the channel was improved and floodgates kept back the high tides.[7]Their daughter, Henrietta Maria, married Thomas Legh ofLyme Parkand the estate passed to theLeghs.[5]In 1719 Henrietta Maria Legh donated land on which to buildSt Mary's Church, Tarleton.[8]

Legh Keck coat of arms above the front porch at Bank Hall

George Anthony Legh Keck moved fromStoughton GrangeinLeicestershireon inheriting the estate. He was the last resident owner and commissioned aKendalarchitect, George Webster, to extend the hall in 1832–1833.[9]Legh Keck collectedstuffed animals and birdsand horns from animal from around the world. He owned a collection of classical style statuettes and casts of figures by the sculptorAntonio Canova.

In April 1861, a year after Legh Keck's death, the hall's contents were sold at auction. A catalogue survives and lists the items by room.[10]The house and estate passed to his brother-in-law, Thomas Littleton Powys, fourthBaron Lilford,[11]whose family seat wasLilford HallinNorthamptonshire.[12]Bank Hall was used as a holiday home by the Lilfords until 1899. The estate remains part of the Lilford Estates and is managed by a land agent, Acland Bracewell inTarleton.[13]However, in 2017 the hall and gardens and adjoining orchard were signed over to the Heritage Trust for the North West on a 999-year lease so that restoration work could begin.

Tenants

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The colliery ownerEdward Crippenwas resident in 1891 until his death in February 1892. In 1899Sir Harcourt Everard Clare,clerk toLancashire County Council,moved to the hall with his family and hosted garden parties in the grounds.[14]The cricketerRanjit Singhvisited him during the 1920s. KingGeorge Vwhilst visiting Lancashire in 1913 stopped at the lodge to greet the Clares and their staff.[15] Cotton mill owner, Lieutenant ColonelSir Norman Seddon-Brownand his family lived at the hall from the late 1920s until 1938, when they moved toEscowbeck.[16]

TheAga Khan IIIvisited the hall during the Seddon-Brown occupancy, as did King Fuad and Prince Farouk of Egypt during their visit to Lancashire.[17]

During theSecond World WartheRoyal Engineerswere billetted at Bank Hall. The north east wing, a service wing, housed a boiler-house, shed, laundry, dairy and cheese rooms, mangle room, brew house and wash house around a central courtyard was demolished.[10][18]The 1928 Ordnance Survey map shows two greenhouses and three buildings in the walled garden. A pond was constructed in the former courtyard and a concrete drive installed. The army constructedNissen hutsin the gardens and parkland, the remains of some are still visible. After the war the estate was returned to the Lilfords who had an estate office in the east wing until 1972.[19] In 1974 a planning application was submitted to convert the house and grounds into a country club but the application was declined due to the disturbance to the historic parkland and architecture. In 1991 an application for listed building consent to demolish parts of the building to make it safe was submitted but was withdrawn.[20]

Architecture

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Diaperflushworkon the 1608 north, front elevation

Bank Hall, built in the Jacobean style in 1608, is abrickbuilt mansion of three storeys withDutch gablesand a square central tower on the south front. Some of the original brickwork in adiaper(lozenge)flushworkpattern is visible on one gable. The house was restored and enlarged by architect George Webster in 1832–1833. He added a wing to the west elevations, built a porch on the north side, remodelled the 1608 north elevation windows, covered the roofs with blueCumbrianslatesand finished the walls with stone details. Webster carried out the alterations sympathetically, in a style corresponding to the 17th-century building, but the difference is marked by the colour of the brickwork and sharpness of the detail. Most windows were renewed during the restoration and two Italian stylebay windowsadded to the south front, altering its appearance.[5]

The clock tower which rises to a height of 60 feet (18 m), was built between 1660 and 1665 and remodelled in 1832–1833.[21]The tower, which contains an original oak balustraded,cantileveredstaircase, is the chief architectural feature of the building on the south side.[5]The brick built tower has stonequoinsat the corners and the staircase has eight original stone cross-windows withmullions,transomsand hoodmoulds irregularly spaced at different levels[22]which containedleadedglass in an octagonal pattern. The tower has a south-facing 19th-century clock in the top storey, (the north facing clock fell when the north east elevation of the tower collapsed during the 1980s) the cogs and wheels were manufactured byJohn Alkerand the towerparapethas ornaments from the 19th-century restoration.[5]

Decorative features include lavish stonework andfinialson the west wing bay window and false windows on the kitchen chimney stack wall creating a decorative feature on a plain wall. TheLegh Keck coat of armsis carved in stone above the front porch, with two carvedgreen menon either side of the doors. Other features from the 1832 renovation include Legh Keck's initials "G.A.L.K" and "1833" inscribed above the Italian bay windows. There were oncecast ironram's heads holdinglaurelsprigs[23]and maiden's heads[24]on the building. The lead rain hoppers have the initials as above and there are stone statues on the towerbattlements.Another feature is the chimney stacks, which are diamond shaped, while others are square and the chimneys on the west wing are octagonal. The clocks on the tower feature afleur-de-lisat each corner of their faces, thought to be from the Bannastre family coat of arms.[25]

The house once had a pair of 12-foot (3.7 m) concrete statues (thought to be of a gothic floral design, with the Legh Keck symbols on the base) near the front porch that were destroyed and asundial,which has been lost. A pair of lion statues fromAtherton Hallthat stood by the front porch were moved to the Lilford Estate offices in Tarleton.[13]

Interiors

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Little is known about the interior before the renovations of 1832–1833, when the great hall was divided into an entrance hall with a marble floor and a dining room with a grand fireplace. A ground floor room in the north wing was panelled with oak from nearbyCarr House.There was a 17th-century fireplace with a peacock carved on the chimney-piece in an upstairs bedrooms[5]matching a peacock design on theDelft tilesof the fireplace. Other Delft tiles were found in rubble inside the house. The drawing room had a 16-foot (4.9 m) high ceiling with lavish plaster work (a small portion of which survives today) and aparquetfloor. The study at the rear of the west wing ground floor, had bookshelves and a grand fireplace buried under the fallen floor from above. Its panelled window shutters survive in their casings. Thecellarsunder the west wing survive. The east wing has cellars, but the whereabouts of the entrance is unknown. The west wing was occupied by the family and the east wing by the servants.

Legh Keck collected sculptures and antiques; the hall was furnished withTurkish carpetsand oak and mahogany carved furniture from the 17th and 18th centuries, horns and animal heads from around the world and family portraits from the 17th century hung on the walls. NumerousWedgwooditems were sold after Legh Keck's death in 1861 to pay death duties.[10]

Condition

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A view of the clock tower in 2008

The building has been vandalised and deteriorated as a result of the theft ofleadfrom the roof. In the early 1980s, the Lilford Trust applied for planning permission to turn the house and grounds into a country club and golf course without success. A large mural painted on the wall of the drawing room was destroyed when the west wing roof collapsed in the 1980s.

In 1952 Bank Hall was granted Grade II* listed building status.[26]In 2002 it was in the 22% of buildings in the UK at immediate risk of further rapid deterioration or loss of fabric.[27]and is on theBuildings at Risk Register[28]described as in very bad condition and priority B for restoration and conservation.[29]In 2010, the house was in a ruinous state.[30]The west wing roof and north-east corner of the clock tower collapsed in the early 1980s, losing a clock face and three-quarters of the statues from the battlements.[31]In 2001 listed building consent was granted for structural work to the tower,[32]Three of the decorative corner pinnacles remain but the west elevation has a crack held together by scaffolding installed in 2002 during emergency repairs funded by the action group and English Heritage.[33]At that time, the remains of the clock mechanism were removed and the fallen statues and clock face parts put into storage. In 2006 an attic water tank crashed through the floors in the oldest part of the building causing damage to the roof, a front gable and the rooms below. On 26 July 2007BBC Breakfastfeatured the building, as one of sixteen buildings in the UK which require emergency work. Acantileveredoak staircase remains in the tower where, in 2008, part of the staircase from the south elevation collapsed, but caused no damage to the balustrade.[13]

In 2008 most of the slates were removed to prevent more gables collapsing from pressure on the walls.[13]Threemagnoliatrees are growing out of the foundations of the east wing and cover the exterior, which has lost two gables. The east wing contains a ground floor room with no windows, a concrete ceiling and a steel door which remains unopened since the estate offices closed in 1972.[13]In September 2010, a collapse in the west wing caused further damage to the 1832 stairwell. The rooms above the parlour were destroyed as the roof and wall collapsed and the drawing room's rear wall partially collapsed. English Heritage assessed the damage as urgent and structural work was needed to prevent further collapse.[34]In November 2011 contractors for the HTNW dismantled the north wing porch as the gable was at risk of collapse. Decorative masonry was removed for an exhibition that was held inNelsonin 2012 by the HTNW.[citation needed]

Restoration

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Bank Hall Action Group(from 2012 the Friends of Bank Hall) was formed in 1995 with the ultimate aim of restoring Bank Hall. In 2003 the cost of restoration was estimated to be £3 million.[35]Urban Splashwas engaged to develop a business plan with the aid of aHeritage Lottery Fundgrant in 2006.[36]Urban Splash envisaged creating 12 residences within the hall and 23 houses in the old orchard[37]while the action group would retain the entrance hall, clock tower and upper rooms for public access.[38]The project will cost £6 million with proceeds from the sale of houses and a £1.5m grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund funding the restoration.[39]

A structural report by Urban Splash in 2009 enabled a plan for the building's interior to be developed.[40]After delays, planning permission was granted in February 2011. On 14 February 2012, a grant of £1.69 million to restore the hall starting in late 2012, was made by the Heritage Lottery Fund to the Heritage Trust for the North West (HTNW).[41][42]The HTNW has separate plans for a visitor entrance and heritage garden.[43]Planning permission to convert the potting shed and greenhouse into a visitor entrance, funded separately, was granted in December 2011.[44] A further £50,000 was awarded by WREN (a non-profit company) towards the restoration of the tower in September 2013.[45] The project was taken on by the developer Next Big Thing, who began work on the clearing of the property in July 2017, with the view of a completion date of 18 months time.[46]Due to theCOVID-19 pandemic,the project suffered delays, work was finally completed on the restoration of the house exterior in 2020, with the residential area interiors and immediate (residents) gardens to the house completed in 2021.

The Friends of Bank Hall continue to maintain the gardens, hold open days and are working towards the restoration of the gardens, that will commence with phase one of the potting shed restoration.

Estate

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Bank Bridge and the warehouse in 2010

Theestateis crossed by theRiver Douglasand its embankment provides flood protection for the low-lying area. TheLeeds and Liverpool Canalcrosses close to the river and Grade II listed Bank Bridge carries theA59 roadover river and canal. A Grade II listed warehouse is close to the bridge.

Bank Lodge, situated at a disused access road, is owned by the estate, and can be seen on the 1928 Ordnance Survey Map.[47]

Bank Hall farm house in 2006

Bank Hall Farm, the home farm whoseElizabethanlong barn built in the early 17th century, is Grade II listed. It was extended in the early 19th century and converted into residences in 2004.[48] Between the fields and the barns was a timber yard. The estate offices, blacksmith's forge and coach house were housed on the farm. The action group use the coach house and offices as a temporary visitor centre.[13]

Along a carriage drive, lined withlime trees,connecting the hall to Bretherton are the former gardener's house,'Crossford Lodge', a modern single-story building (that replaced the original gamekeepers house) and Bretherton Lodge (The New Lodge).

Bank Hall Windmill built in 1741, is a Grade II listed building[49]situated between Bank Bridge and Plocks Farm. Carr House,built by the Stone family in 1613 was the home ofJeremiah Horrocks,the first person to predict and observe theTransit of Venus,in 1639.

Gardens

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Main article:Bank Hall Gardens
Bank Hall snowdrop carpet, February 2009

Bank Hall is surrounded by 18 acres (7.3 ha) of gardens, parkland and anarboretumcreated by George Anthony Legh Keck.[50]Bank Hall Gardenswere neglected from 1980 to 1995 though some plants survived.Snowdropcarpets which cover much of the gardens in February were uncovered in 2001 when a small area was cleared.[51]In 2007 the UK's Snowdrop Society visited the gardens which have attracted thousands of visitors each year.[52]There are several varieties ofdaffodils,bluebellsandprimroses.

The oldest tree, a 550‑year‑oldyew,predates the hall, and the tallest, awellingtonia,towers over the woodland. There are numerouscoast redwoods[53]and specimens ofdawn redwood,Lebanon cedar,atlas cedar,swamp cypress,limeand magnolia.

A conservatory was built for Elizabeth Legh Keck in the 1830s. The walled garden, constructed in 1835, has a greenhouse and potting sheds on its north wall and a heated outdoor wall. The FBH aims to restore it into a heritage garden as part of a three-phase project. A cricket field and tennis lawns were situated beyond aha-haand accessed via a yew tunnel.

Film and television

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The exterior was used as a location forThe Haunted House of Horror(1969).[54] The hall and gardens have featured on localBBC.[55]andITVnews reports andFred Talbot's weather reports since 1995. Itsplightwas highlighted when it featured in the first series of theBBC Restorationprogramme, on 8 August 2003[56]when it came second in the voting.[57]The potting sheds and hall featured in the introduction to BBCRestoration Home (TV series)in 2011.

See also

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References

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Footnotes

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  1. ^Lopez, N (2009).Robert Banastre.
  2. ^"The Battle Abbey Roll. With some account of the Norman lineages. Vol I, Banastre".Medieval Mosaic Ltd. 2007.
  3. ^Blakeman, R (1989).""Mab's Cross" – Legend and reality ".
  4. ^"Christopher Saxton's 1579 map",freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry,retrieved16 September2009
  5. ^abcdefWilliam Farrer; J Brownbill, eds. (1911),"Bretherton",A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume6,pp. 102–8,retrieved10 July2010– via British History Online
  6. ^Lofthouse, J. (1972) "Lancashire's Old Families", Fleetwoods and Heskeths, Pg 121
  7. ^Bulpit, Rev. W. T. (1908)."Notes on Southport and District".Archived fromthe originalon 11 July 2011.Retrieved5 March2010.
  8. ^Farrer, William; Brownbill, J., eds. (1911),"Tarleton: Church",A History of the County of Lancaster,Victoria County History,vol. 6, University of London & History of Parliament Trust,retrieved9 September2010
  9. ^"Bank Hall Record Book"(PDF).Bank Hall Action Group. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 5 September 2011.Retrieved24 October2009.2010
  10. ^abcBank Hall Action Group, "Bank Hall Auction Catalogue −1861", 2005
  11. ^"'Townships: Atherton', A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 3 (1907) ".pp. 435–439.Retrieved7 August2010.
  12. ^"Biography of 3rd Baron Lilford".Lilford Hall. 2010.
  13. ^abcdefJohn Howard, "The Bank Hall Timeline""Bank Hall Bretherton Online – Bank Hall Timeline".Archived fromthe originalon 15 May 2011.Retrieved9 September2009.2007
  14. ^"The History of Bank Hall".bankhallbretherton.webs. 2009–2011. Archived fromthe originalon 2 January 2014.Retrieved29 March2013.
  15. ^Clare, Sir Harcourt (1913)."Waiting for the Royal Visit, Bank Hall, Bretherton".Archived fromthe originalon 23 November 2010.Retrieved6 November2010.
  16. ^"Rector's weekly news".Tarleton Parish Church. 14 March 1946. Archived fromthe originalon 20 November 2008.Retrieved7 April2009.1946
  17. ^Friends of Bank Hall (2016) Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire, Written by Paul Dillon, Geoff Coxhead, Andrew Allen, Janet Edwards, John Howard, David Taylor and Lionel Taylor.
  18. ^"Archive Maps"(PDF).Bank Hall Action Group.[permanent dead link‍]2010
  19. ^Paul Dillon and Geoff Coxhead, "Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire", 2004
  20. ^"91/00579/FUL Application for listed building consent to demolish parts of the building to make safe Bank Hall Bank Hall Drive Bretherton Lancashire".chorley.gov.uk.Retrieved6 January2017.
  21. ^Bank Hall Action Group (2004) Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire, Written by Paul Dillon and Geoff Coxhead
  22. ^Bank Hall Bretherton,Listed Buildings Online,retrieved25 July2010
  23. ^"The Legh family crest".MyFamilySilver. 2010.
  24. ^"The Keck family crest".MyFamilySilver. 2010.
  25. ^"Powys-Keck Family Crest".MyFamilySilver. 2010.
  26. ^Historic England."Bank Hall, Bretherton (1362113)".National Heritage List for England.Retrieved22 April2015.
  27. ^"Cash crisis threatens heritage sites".BBC News. 2002.
  28. ^"Heritage at Risk Record Not Found – Historic England".English Heritage.Retrieved6 January2017.[permanent dead link‍]
  29. ^"Historic Buildings key to regeneration".Lancashire Evening Post.2003. Archived fromthe originalon 4 April 2012.Retrieved2 February2011.
  30. ^"The State of Lancashire Report".Lancashire County Council. 2010. Archived fromthe originalon 18 April 2010.Retrieved26 August2010.
  31. ^"Building Survey – Bank Hall, Liverpool Road, Bretherton"(PDF).English Heritage. 1985.[permanent dead link‍]
  32. ^"Listed Building Consent"(PDF).Chroley Borough Council. 2001.[permanent dead link‍]
  33. ^"Bank Hall, Liverpool Road, Bretherton, Chorley, Lancashire".English Heritage. Archived fromthe originalon 13 July 2012.2009
  34. ^Bank Hall Action Group (2010) "Winter News Letter – December 2010",
  35. ^"Spatial Planning Environmental Department in Lancashire," 8.1 Built Environment Sites of Heritage Value ""(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 12 June 2011.Retrieved23 September2009.2007
  36. ^"Historic hall may be turned into flats".Lancashire Evening Post.2006. Archived fromthe originalon 20 April 2013.
  37. ^"Riches Hawley Mikhail Architects".Building Design. 2007.
  38. ^"NPA Historic Landscape Report".Urban Splash. Archived fromthe originalon 6 July 2011.9 December 2010
  39. ^"Restoration Plan to save Bank Hall in Bretherton".Southport Visiter. 14 April 2010.
  40. ^"Structural Engineers Report".Urban Splash. Archived fromthe originalon 21 February 2016.Retrieved29 December2012.December 2009
  41. ^"Banking on a great future for Bank Hall".Heritage Lottery Fund. 2012. Archived fromthe originalon 5 June 2012.
  42. ^"Bank Hall given restoration funding boost".BBC News. 2012.Retrieved15 February2012.
  43. ^"Organisations which support the work and aims of the Bank Hall Action Group".Hall Action Group. 2002.
  44. ^Bank Hall Action Group (2011) "Winter News Letter – Potting Sheds (Phase 1) Project"
  45. ^"Bank Hall gets £50,000 restoration grant".Lancashire Evening Post.2013. Archived fromthe originalon 21 September 2013.Retrieved28 September2013.
  46. ^"Decaying Jacobean mansion Bank Hall in Bretherton to undergo full restoration thanks to grant".Chorley Guardian. 2017.
  47. ^"The Lodge, Bank Hall, Bretherton".Lancashire County Council – Lancashire Lantern. 2005. Archived fromthe originalon 28 July 2011.
  48. ^"Lilac Cottage – 4 bedroom cottage for sale in Bretherton, Lancashire".Findaproperty.[permanent dead link‍]2010
  49. ^"The Windmill, Liverpool Road, PR26 9AX".Mouseprice. Archived fromthe originalon 14 July 2011.Retrieved27 October2009.12 August 2004
  50. ^"NPA Historic Landscape Report".Urban Splash. Archived fromthe originalon 6 July 2011.9 February 2010
  51. ^"Spectacular snowdrops attract the crowds".Lancashire Evening Post.2004. Archived fromthe originalon 4 April 2012.Retrieved2 February2011.
  52. ^""Snowdrop History at Bank Hall" at bankhallbretherton.webs ".Archived fromthe originalon 5 March 2012.Retrieved5 January2012.
  53. ^"Giant Redwoods in the UK – Bretherton – Bank Hall (Lancashire)".Redwood World. 1 November 2009.
  54. ^ab"The Haunted House of Horror".EOFFTV. 1969.
  55. ^"Hall restoration plan gets £1.69m".BBC.Retrieved6 January2017.
  56. ^"VIPs back Bank Hall bid".Chorley Guardian. 30 July 2003. Archived fromthe originalon 5 September 2012.
  57. ^"Restoration, Series 1 – Bank Hall".BBC. 2003.
  58. ^"BBC – Error 404: Not Found".Archived fromthe originalon 14 November 2012.Retrieved6 January2017.
  59. ^"Bank Hall Bretherton Online – Bank Hall Timeline".Archived fromthe originalon 15 May 2011.Retrieved9 September2009.
  60. ^"Restoration Revisited – BBC Two".Retrieved6 January2017.
  61. ^"Restoration Home – BBC Two".Retrieved4 September2017.
  62. ^"BBC One – Britain's Empty Homes, Series 4, Stuart and Helen Barclay".BBC. 18 September 2012.Retrieved9 April2020.
  63. ^"Episode 27, 2012, Gardeners' World – BBC Two".Retrieved6 January2017.
  64. ^"Episode 2, Britain's Empty Homes Revisited – BBC One".Retrieved6 January2017.

Bibliography

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  • Bank Hall, Action Group (2005).Bank Hall Auction Catalogue −1861.Bank Hall Action Group.
  • Bank Hall, Action Group (2009).Bank Hall Record Book.Bank Hall Action Group.
  • Coxhead, Geoff; Dillon, Paul (2004).Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire.ISBN0-9530081-0-X.
  • Esstlemont, Mary (2005).My Times at Bank Hall.Bank Hall Action Group.
  • Friends of Bank Hall (2016)Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire.
  • Lane, Charles H. (1902).Dog Shows And Doggy People.Hutchinson & Co.
  • Wilkinson, Phillip (2003).Restoration – Discovering Britain's hidden architectural treasures.Headline Book Publishing.ISBN0-7553-1251-1.
  • Wilkinson, Phillip (2004).Restoration – the story continues...English Heritage.ISBN1-85074-914-0.
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