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Barun Goyot Formation

TheBarun Goyot Formation(also known asBaruungoyot Formation) is ageological formationdating to the LateCretaceousPeriod.It is located within and is widely represented in theGobi DesertBasin, in theÖmnögovi Provinceof Mongolia.

Barun Goyot Formation
Stratigraphic range:Maastrichtian
~72–71Ma
↓
Hermiin Tsav, a highly fossiliferous locality of the formation
TypeGeological formation
UnderliesNemegt Formation
OverliesDjadokhta Formation
Thicknessca. 110 m (360 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySandstone
Location
Coordinates43°30′N99°48′E/ 43.5°N 99.8°E/43.5; 99.8
Approximate paleocoordinates40°30′N89°30′E/ 40.5°N 89.5°E/40.5; 89.5
RegionOmnogov
CountryMongolia
ExtentGobi Desert
Barun Goyot Formation is located in Mongolia
Barun Goyot Formation
Barun Goyot Formation (Mongolia)

Description

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Khulsan in 1970

It was previously known as theLower Nemegt Bedsoccurring beneath theNemegt Formationand above theDjadokhta Formation.It has been suggested that the Djadokhta and Barun Goyot Formations are lower and upper parts, respectively, of the same lithological unit and the boundary between the two does not exist. Thestratotypeof the Barun Goyot Formation is the Khulsan locality, east of Nemegt. At Nemegt, only the uppermost barungoyotian beds are visible. TheRed Beds of Khermeen Tsavare also considered part of the Barun Goyot Formation. It is approximately 110 metres (360 ft) in thickness,[1]and was laid down roughly 72-71 million years ago. Given the new date for the start of theMaastrichtian(72.1 MYA) a basal Maastrichtian age seems probable. The Barun Goyot Formation preserves an environment ofsand dunes,created from wind-eroded rocks (aeoliandunes).

Paleobiota of the Barun Goyot Formation

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Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are insmall text;crossed outtaxa are discredited.

Lizards

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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images

Estesia

Estesia mongoliensis

Ananguimorph

Gobiderma Gobiderma pulchrum AMonstersaur

Proplatynotia

Proplatynotia longirostrata

Mammals

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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Asioryctes A. nemegtensis Aneutherian.
Barunlestes B. butleri Aneutherian.
Catopsbaatar C. catopsaloides Adjadochtatheriid.
Chulsanbaatar C. vulgaris Amultituberculate.
Deltatheridium D. pretrituberculare Atribosphenid.
Nemegtbaatar N. gobiensis Amultituberculate.
Zofialestes Z. longidens Aeutherian.

Dinosaurs

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Ornithiscians

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Ankylosaurs
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Saichania S. chulsanensis Hermiin Tsav II, Khulsan [Three] skulls, mandibles, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, ribs, sternum, scapulocoracoids, humerus, ulna, radius, manus, cervical half-rings, and osteoderms.[2][3][4] Anankylosauridalso known from theNemegt Formation.
Tarchia T. kielanae Hermiin Tsav II, Khulsan [Two] partial skulls, osteoderms, and [three] undescribed specimens.[3][4] Anankylosauridalso known from a second species, T. teresae, which was found in theNemegt Formation.
Zaraapelta Z. nomadis Hermiin Tsav A partial skull missing the rostrum.[3] Anankylosauridknown from a subadult individual.
Ankylosauridaeindet. Indeterminate Hermiin Tsav Dorsal vertebrae, ribs, pectoral girdles, forelimbs, pelvic girdles, hindlimbs, and osteoderms.[5] Anankylosauridknown from a specimen preserved in a "resting posture".


Ceratopsians
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Bagaceratops B. rozhdestvenskyi Hermin Tsav, Khulsan "Multiple specimens with partial to nearly complete skulls and skeletons."[6][7][8] Aprotoceratopsid.Gobiceratops,Lamaceratops,andPlatyceratopsare now considered synonyms ofBagaceratops.[7]
Breviceratops B. kozlowskii Khulsan "Two skulls and partial skeleton remains."[9][7] Aprotoceratopsid.
Udanoceratops? Indeterminate Baga Tariach "Partial juvenile specimen."[10] A giantleptoceratopsid.
Pachycephalosaurs
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Tylocephale T. gilmorei Khulsan "Partial skull."[11][12] Apachycephalosaurid.

Sauropods

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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Faveoloolithus F. ningxiaensis Hermiin Tsav, Ikh Shunkht, Ologoy Ulan Tsav "Eggs, egg clutches and shells."[13] Eggs probably laid by asauropod.
Quaesitosaurus Q. orientalis Shar Tsav "Partial skull."[14] Atitanosaur.

Theropods

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Alvarezsaurs
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Ceratonykus C. oculatus Hermiin Tsav "Partial skull with skeleton."[15][16] Analvarezsaurid.
Jaculinykus J. yaruui Nemegt A nearly completearticulatedskeleton including much of the skull[17] Aparvicursorinealvarezsaurid.
Khulsanurus K. magnificus Khulsan "Partial skeleton, including cervical and caudal vertebrae, scapulocoracoids, humerus, and pubis."[18] Analvarezsaurid.
Ondogurvel O. alifanovi Nemegt "Partial postcranial skeleton," includingdorsalandsacralvertebrae and hip and leg bones.[19] Analvarezsaurid.
Parvicursor P. remotus Khulsan "Partial vertebrae, pelvic girdle and hindlimbs."[20] Analvarezsaurid
Birds
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Gobioolithus G. major Gilbent, Khulsan "Five eggs."[21] Eggs probably laid by abird.
G. minor Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Eggs with embryonic remains."[22][21] Eggs probably laid byGobipipus.[22][21]
Gobipipus G. reshetovi Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Embryonic skulls and skeletons."[22] Anenantiornithine.
Gobipteryx G. minuta Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Skulls and partial skeletons, and embryonic remains."[23][24][25] Anenantiornithine.Also present in theDjadokhta Formation.
Hollanda H. luceria Hermiin Tsav "Partial hindlimbs from several specimens."[26][27] Anornithuromorph.
Protoceratopsidovum' P. fluxuosum Hermiin Tsav, Khulsan "Clutch of 19 eggs and isolated eggs."[28] Eggs probably laid by abird.[21]
P. minimum Ikh Shunkht "Clutch of eggs."[28] Eggs probably laid by abird.[21]
P. sincerum Hermiin Tsav "Partial egg."[28] Eggs probably laid by abird.[21]
Styloolithus S. sabathi Khulsan "Partial eggs."[21] Eggs probably laid by abird.
Dromaeosaurids
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Hulsanpes H. perlei Khulsan Partial foot and skull bone[29] Ahalszkaraptorine
Kuru K. kulla Khulsan "Fragmentary skeleton."[30] Adromaeosaurid.
Natovenator N. polydontus Hermiin Tsav Partial articulated skeleton with skull[31] Ahalszkaraptorine
Shri S. devi Khulsan "Articulated skeleton lacking skull."[32] Adromaeosaurid.
Velociraptorinaeindet. Indeterminate Hermin Tsav, Khulsan Not specified.[33][34] Adromaeosaurid.
Troodontids
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Harenadraco[35] H. prima Hermiin Tsav Partial leg, foot, and hip bones[35] A troodontid
Oviraptorosaurs
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Genus Species Location Material Notes Images
Conchoraptor C. gracilis Hermin Tsav, Khulsan "Multiple specimens with skulls and partial skeletons."[36][37][38][39][40] Anoviraptorid.Also present in theNemegt Formation.
Heyuannia H. yanshini Hermiin Tsav "Partial skulls and skeletons."[41][39][40] Anoviraptorid.Originally identified asAjancingeniaand"Ingenia".
Nemegtomaia N. barsboldi Nemegt "Nesting specimen."[42] Anoviraptorid.Also present in theNemegt Formation.
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Panoramic view of the Hermiin Tsav locality of the Barun Goyot Formation

See also

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References

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  1. ^Gradzinski, R.; & Jerzykiewicz, T. (1974). Sedimentation of the Barun Goyot formation. Palaeontologica Polonica, 30, 111-146.
  2. ^Carpenter, K., Hayashi, S., Kobayashi, Y., Maryańska, T., Barsbold, R., Sato, K., and Obata, I., 2011, "Saichania chulsanensis(Ornithischia, Ankylosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia ",Palaeontographica, Abteilung A,294(1-3): 1-61
  3. ^abcArbour, V. M.; Currie, P. J.; Badamgarav, D. (2014). "The ankylosaurid dinosaurs of the Upper Cretaceous Baruungoyot and Nemegt formations of Mongolia".Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.172(3): 631−652.doi:10.1111/zoj.12185.
  4. ^abPenkalski, P.; Tumanova, T. (2017). "The cranial morphology and taxonomic status of Tarchia (Dinosauria: Ankylosauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia".Cretaceous Research.70:117−127.Bibcode:2017CrRes..70..117P.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.10.004.
  5. ^Park, J.-Y.; Lee, Y. N.; Currie, P. J.; Ryan, M. J.; Bell, P.; Sissons, R.; Koppelhus, E. B.; Barsbold, R.; Lee, S.; Kim, S.-H. (2021)."A new ankylosaurid skeleton from the Upper Cretaceous Baruungoyot Formation of Mongolia: its implications for ankylosaurid postcranial evolution".Scientific Reports.11(4101): 4101.doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83568-4.PMC7973727.PMID33737515.
  6. ^Maryańska, T.; Osmólska, H. (1975)."Protoceratopsidae (Dinosauria) of Asia"(PDF).Palaeontologia Polonica.33:134−143. Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2018-09-21.Retrieved2021-05-27.
  7. ^abcCzepiński, Ł. (2019)."Ontogeny and variation of a protoceratopsid dinosaur Bagaceratops rozhdestvenskyi from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert"(PDF).Historical Biology.32(10): 1394–1421.doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1593404.S2CID132780322.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2021-07-08.Retrieved2021-05-27.
  8. ^Kim, B.; Yun, H.; Lee, Y.-N. (2019)."The postcranial skeleton of Bagaceratops (Ornithischia: Neoceratopsia) from the Baruungoyot Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in Hermiin Tsav of southwestern Gobi, Mongolia".Journal of the Geological Society of Korea.55(2): 179−190.doi:10.14770/jgsk.2019.55.2.179.S2CID150321203.
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  10. ^Tereschhenko, V. S. (2008)."Adaptive Features of Protoceratopsids (Ornithischia: Neoceratopsia)".Paleontological Journal.42(3): 50−64.Bibcode:2008PalJ...42..273T.doi:10.1134/S003103010803009X.S2CID84366476.
  11. ^Maryańska, T.; Osmólska, H. (1974)."Pachycephalosauria, a new suborder of ornithischian dinosaurs"(PDF).Palaeontologica Polonica(30): 45−102.
  12. ^Sullivan, R. M. (2006)."A taxonomic review of the Pachycephalosauridae (Dinosauria: Ornithischia)".New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin(35): 347–365.
  13. ^K. Mikhailov, K. Sabath, and S. Kurzanov. (1994). Eggs and nests from the Cretaceous of Mongolia. In K. Carpenter, K. F. Hirsch, and J. R. Horner (eds.),Dinosaur Eggs and Babies,Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 88-115.
  14. ^Kurzanov, S. and Bannikov, A. (1983). "A new sauropod from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia".Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal2: 90–96.
  15. ^Alifanov, V. R.; Barsbold, R. (2009). Ceratonykus oculatus gen. et sp. nov., a new dinosaur (? Theropoda, Alvarezsauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 43 (1): 94−106.
  16. ^Alifanov, V. R.; Saveliev, S. V. (2011). Brain structure and neurobiology of alvarezsaurians (Dinosauria), exemplified by Ceratonykus oculatus (Parvicursoridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal. 45 (2), 183−190.
  17. ^Kubo, Kohta; Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu; Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar; Tsogtbaatar, Khishigjav (2023-11-15)."A new alvarezsaurid dinosaur (Theropoda, Alvarezsauria) from the Upper Cretaceous Baruungoyot Formation of Mongolia provides insights for bird-like sleeping behavior in non-avian dinosaurs".PLOS ONE.18(11): e0293801.Bibcode:2023PLoSO..1893801K.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0293801.ISSN1932-6203.PMC10651048.PMID37967055.
  18. ^Averianov, Alexander O.; Lopatin, Alexey V. (2021-11-18)."The second taxon of alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Khulsan locality in Gobi Desert, Mongolia".Historical Biology.34(11): 2125–2136.doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.2000976.ISSN0891-2963.S2CID244421277.
  19. ^Alexander O. Averianov; Alexey V. Lopatin (19 February 2022)."A new alvarezsaurid theropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Gobi Desert, Mongolia".Cretaceous Research.134:105168.Bibcode:2022CrRes.13505168A.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105168.S2CID247000540.Retrieved19 February2022.
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  21. ^abcdefgVarricchio, D.J.; Barta, D.E. (2015)."Revisiting Sabath's" Larger Avian Eggs "from the Gobi Cretaceous".Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.60(1): 11–25.
  22. ^abcKurochkin, E. N.; Chatterjee, S.; Mikhailov, K. E. (2013). An embryonic enantiornithine bird and associated eggs from the cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontol. J. 47, 1252–1269.
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  27. ^Bell, A.K., Chiappe, L.M., Erickson, G.M., Suzuki, S., Watabe, M., Barsbold, R. and Tsogtbaatar, K. (2010). "Description and ecologic analysis ofHollanda luceria,a Late Cretaceous bird from the Gobi Desert (Mongolia). "Cretaceous Research,31(1): 16-26.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2009.09.001
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