Bertha Eckstein-Diener

Bertha Eckstein-Diener(18 March 1874,Vienna– 20 February 1948,Geneva), also known by her American pseudonym asHelen Diner,was an Austrian writer, travel journalist, feminist historian andintellectual.Her bookMothers and Amazons(1930), was the first to focus on women's cultural history. It is regarded as a classic study ofmatriarchy.

Bertha Eckstein in 1902

She was a member of the"Arthurians,"a group of European intellectuals active in the 1930s, each of whom adopted a name from Arthur's Round Table (Diner wasSir Galahad). Each member undertook to research an area of knowledge hitherto little known to Western culture. Diner set out to document afeminist historyof women, and infused her bookMothers and Amazons(Mütter und Amazonen) with lyrical and poetic language.

Life

Bertha Dienercame from amiddle-classfamily and received a higher education. Against the will of her parents, she married the polymathFriedrich Eckstein,a Viennese scholar and industrialist, in 1898. Like her husband, she was a member of the Vienna Lodge of theTheosophical Society Adyar(Adyar-TG). The couple received in their home at this time such notables asKarl Kraus,Adolf Loos,andPeter Altenberg.In 1904 Bertha left her husband and her son Percy (born 1899) and began her travels which took her toEgypt,Greece,andEngland.The couple finally divorced in 1909 and Frederick Eckstein died in 1939 at the age of 78.

Her 2nd son, Roger (born 1910) was fathered byTheodore Beer,but was placed with a foster family and did not make contact again with his mother until 1936 by letter and in person only in 1938 in Berlin. From 1919 Diener lived inLucerne,Switzerland. Diener initially wrote under the pseudonymAhasvera(roughly translated as "Perpetual traveler" ).Her best-known works were published under the nameSir Galahad,from the knights of King Arthur. Besides her books, she wrote a series of articles for newspapers and magazines and translated three works of American journalists and the esoteric writerPrentice Mulford.

Between 1914 and 1919 she wroteKegelschnitte Gottes,about the situation of women during that period. From 1925 to 1931, she worked onMütter und Amazonen,a women-focused cultural history, based on the work ofJohann Jakob Bachofen.

She died aged 73 on 20 February 1948 inGeneva,five weeks after an operation. Her last work, a cultural history of England, remained unfinished.

Works

Unless otherwise indicated, the works first appeared under the pseudonym Sir Galahad.

• Im palast des Minos(In the Palace of Minos), Munich:Albert Langen,1913. 118 pp., 2nd ed., 1924.
• (tr.)Der Unfug des Sterbens: ausgewählte EssaysbyPrentice Mulford.Munich: Langen, [1920].
• Die Kegelschnitte Gottes; Roman(The Conic Sections of God: Novel), Munich: Albert Langen, 1921. 546 pp. 2nd ed., 1926; 3rd ed., 1932.
• (tr.)Das Ende des Unfugs: ausgewählte Essaysby Prentice Mulford. Munich: Albert Langen, 1922.
• Idiotenführer durch die russische Literatur(Idiot's Guide to Russian literature). Munich: Albert Langen, 1925. 163 pp.
• Mütter und Amazone: ein Umriss weiblicher Reiche(Mothers and Amazons: an outline of female empires), Munich: Albert Langen, 1932. 305 pp. Various later eds., from 1981 by Ullstein in paperback, with the subtitleLiebe und Macht im Frauenreich(love and power in the rule of women).ISBN3-548-35594-3.Translated into English by John Philip Lundin asMothers and Amazons: the first feminine history of culture,New York: Julian Press, 1965. Introduction byJoseph Campbell.
• Byzanz; von kaisern, engeln und eunuchen(Byzantium. Of emperors, angels and eunuchs), Leipzig and Vienna: Tal, 1936. 318 pp. Translated into English byEdenandCedar PaulasEmperors, angels, and eunuchs: the thousand years of the Byzantine Empire,London: Chatto & Windus, 1938. US edition published asImperial Byzantium,1938.
• Bohemund: ein Kreuzfahrer-Roman(Bohemond: a Crusader novel), Leipzig: Goten-Verlag Herbert Eisentraut, 1938. 291 pp.
• (as Helen Diner)Seide: Eine kleine Kulturgeschichte(Silk: a small cultural history), Leipzig: Goten-Verlag H. Eisentraut, 1940. 259 pp., 2nd ed., 1944; 3rd ed., 1949.
• Der glückliche Hügel; ein Richard-Wagner-Roman(The lucky hill: a Richard Wagner novel), Zürich: Atlantis, 1943. 366 pp.

References

• Helen DinerEntry at the Brooklyn MuseumDinner Partydatabase of notable women. Accessed March 2008
• Works at the German National Library Index
• Eckstein, Berthaat theAeiou Encyclopedia,Austria. Accessed March 2008
• Sibylle Mulot-Déri:Sir Galahad. Porträt einer Verschollenen,Fischer Taschenbuch,Frankfurt 1987, 283 S. (vergriffen)ISBN3-596-25663-1