Wikipedia

Broadcom

This article is about the business formerly known as Avago which was renamed after the company it took over. For the original Broadcom prior to the 2016 takeover, seeBroadcom Corporation.
"Avago" redirects here. For the Irish/UK television channel, seeAvago (TV channel).

Broadcom Inc.is an Americanmultinationaldesigner, developer, manufacturer, and global supplier of a wide range ofsemiconductorand infrastructure software products. Broadcom's product offerings serve the data center, networking, software, broadband, wireless, storage, and industrial markets. As of 2024, some 58 percent of Broadcom's revenue came from its semiconductor-based products and 42 percent from its infrastructure software products and services.[1]: 43 

Broadcom Inc.
Formerly
  • HP Associates (1961–1999)
  • Agilent Semiconductor Products Group (1999–2005)
  • Avago Technologies (2005–2016)
  • Broadcom Limited (2016–2018)
Company typePublic
Industry
Founded1961;64 years ago(1961)
HeadquartersStanford Research Park,
Palo Alto, California
,
U.S.
Key people
Henry Samueli(chairman)
Hock Tan(presidentandCEO)
ProductsSemiconductorand infrastructure software products
RevenueIncreaseUS$51.57 billion(2024)
DecreaseUS$13.46 billion(2024)
DecreaseUS$5.895 billion(2024)
Total assetsIncreaseUS$165.6 billion(2024)
Total equityIncreaseUS$67.68 billion(2024)
Number of employees
37,000 (2024)
SubsidiariesVMware
Websitebroadcom
Footnotes / references
[1][2][3]

Tan Hock Engis the company's president andCEO.[4][5]The company is headquartered inPalo Alto, California.[6]Avago Technologies Limitedchanged its name toBroadcomafter acquiringBroadcom Corporationin January 2016. Avago's ticker symbol AVGO now represents the merged entity. The Broadcom Corporation ticker symbol BRCM was retired. Initially the merged entity was known asBroadcom Limited,before assuming the current name in November 2017.

In October 2019, the European Union issued an interim antitrust order against Broadcom concerning anticompetitive business practices which allegedly violateEuropean Union competition law.[7]

In May 2022, Broadcom announced an agreement to acquireVMwarein a cash-and-stock transaction valued at $69 billion. The acquisition was closed on November 22, 2023.[8]

Amid theAI boom,the company's market capitalization exceeded US$1 trillion for the first time in December 2024, making Broadcom one of themost valuable companiesin the world.[9]

History

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Origin in Hewlett-Packard

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The company that would later become Broadcom Inc. was established in 1961 asHP Associates,a semiconductor products division ofHewlett-Packard.[10]

The division separated from Hewlett-Packard as part of theAgilent Technologiesspinoff in 1999.[11][12]

Formation of Avago Technologies

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Logo of Avago Technologies

KKRandSilver Lake Partnersacquired the Semiconductor Products Group of Agilent Technologies in 2005 for $2.6 billion and formed Avago Technologies.[11]Avago Technologies agreed to sell its I/O solutions unit toPMC-Sierrafor $42.5 million in October 2005.[13]

In August 2008, the company filed an initial public offering of $400 million.[14][15]In October 2008, Avago Technologies acquiredInfineon Technologies'Munich-based bulk acoustic wave business for €21.5 million.[16]

On 6 August 2009, Avago Technologies went public onNASDAQwith the ticker symbol AVGO.[12][17]

Avago chip inside an iPhone 5s

Avago Technologies announced its agreement to acquire CyOptics, an optical chip and component supplier, for $400 million in April 2013.[18][19]The acquisition aimed to expand Avago Technologies' fiber optics product portfolio.[19]In October 2013, Avago Technologies invested $5 million in Amantys, apower electronicstechnology provider, as part of a strategic investment agreement between the two companies.[20]

Avago Technologies announced its agreement to acquireLSI Corporationin December 2013 for $6.6 billion.[11][21][17][22][23]The acquisition helped move Avago Technologies away from specialized products and towards a more mainstream industry, which included chips, especially storage for data centers.[23]

The company sold itsSSD controllerbusiness toSeagate Technologyin May 2014.[24]In August 2014, the company was the ninth-largest semiconductor company.[25]Avago Technologies agreed to sell LSI's Axxia Networking business toIntelfor $650 million.[12][26]The company also agreed to buyPLX Technology,an integrated circuits designer, for $309 million.[27]In February 2015, it was announced that Avago Technologies Limited had reached an agreement to acquireEmulexCorporation for $8 per share in cash.[28]

Acquisition of and change of name to Broadcom Limited

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Broadcom facility in Bangalore, India, as seen in 2019

On 28 May 2015, Avago announced that it would buyBroadcom Corporation[29]for $37 billion ($17 billion cash and $20 billion in shares).[30]The combined company, which would be named Broadcom Ltd., would have annual revenue of $15 billion and a market value of $77 billion.[31]Broadcom Corp. strengthened Avago Technologies' patent position significantly in sectors such as mobile, the data center, and the Internet of Things and made the company the ninth largest holder of patents among the top semiconductor vendors, according to an analysis by technology consulting firmLexInnova.[32]According to the company's website, the transaction closed on 1 February 2016.[33]

In May 2016,Cypress Semiconductorannounced that it will acquire Broadcom Corporation's full portfolio ofIoTproducts for $550 million. Under the deal, Cypress acquires Broadcom's IoT products and intellectual property for Wi-Fi, Bluetooth andZigbeeconnectivity, as well as Broadcom's WICED platform and SDK for developers. The deal combined Broadcom's developer tools and connectivity technologies for IoT devices with Cypress' own programmablesystem-on-a-chip(SoC) products that provide memory, computing and graphics processing for low-power devices.[34]

Foreign investment reviews and change of name to Broadcom Inc.

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In 2016, Broadcom proposed merging withBrocade Communications Systems.The acquisition proposal included a $5.5 billion price and was offered in cash.[35]It was delayed for review by theCommittee on Foreign Investment in the United States.On 2 November 2017, Broadcom announced it would relocate its legal address from Singapore to Delaware, which would avoid the review.[36]This action was linked to the parent company being renamed from Broadcom Limited to Broadcom Inc.[37]The pre-2016-merger Broadcom,Broadcom Corporation,remains a wholly owned subsidiary of the renamed parent Broadcom Inc.

A Broadcom executive speaking in 2019 about 5G technology benefiting all Americans

In mid-November 2017, Broadcom proposed to purchaseQualcommfor US$130 billion, which was rebuffed by Qualcomm's board.[38]The proposed hostile takeover, which was later revised to $117 billion, was blocked bythe Trump administrationby anexecutive orderthat cited national security concerns.[39][40][41][42]Specifically, theCommittee on Foreign Investment in the United Statesexpressed concerns. Broadcom, then headquartered in Singapore, was considered too close to China and chipmakerHuawei.[43][44]"A shift to Chinese dominance in 5G would have substantial negative national security consequences for the United States," CFIUS said. "While the United States remains dominant in the standards-setting space currently, China would likely compete robustly to fill any void left by Qualcomm as a result of this hostile takeover."[44]However, critics of the move stated that the decision was motivated by competitiveness more than security concerns.[40]Broadcom withdrew its takeover bid two days after the executive order.[42]Observers have stated that President Trump's decision was as consistent with the balance of trade objectives as it was with security concerns.[40]

Move into software

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Historically a semiconductor-based-only company,[45]the failure of the Qualcomm bid led Broadcom and its CEO to look at acquiring infrastructure software as an alternative way of growing in size.[46]On 11 July 2018, news sources reported that Broadcom andCA Technologiesagreed on terms for an $18.9 billion acquisition.[45]CA Technologies, formerly known as Computer Associates, was a longtime giant in software formainframe computersthat had expanded its offerings into software forcloud computing.[47]And on 5 November 2018, Broadcom announced that it had completed the acquisition of CA Technologies.[48]

On 9 August 2019, news sources reported that Broadcom had decided to acquire the enterprise security business ofSymantec Corporation(the consumer software portion of which is now known asGen Digital) for $10.7 billion in cash.[49]The deal continued Broadcom's push into software critical for corporate infrastructure.[46]And on 4 November 2019, Broadcom announced that it had completed the acquisition of the business, as well as the Symantec name and brand.[50][51][52][53][54]

In 2019, Broadcom was announced the fifth best performingstockof the 2010s, with a total return of 1,956%.[55]

Anti-competitive practices investigations

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In January 2018, it was reported that the FTC had been investigating Broadcom for several months for engaging in anti-competitive tactics while negotiating with customers.[56]In 2021, Broadcom agreed to settle the antitrust complaint, in which theU.S. Federal Trade Commissionclaimed that the company abused its monopoly power using restrictive contract terms and threats of retaliation against customers the company deemed "disloyal."[57]

In October 2019, Broadcom was ordered by theEuropean Commissionto stop allegedly anticompetitive practices.[7] In 2021, Broadcom agreed to settle the antitrust complaint which claimed it had abused its monopoly power through restrictive contract terms and threats of retaliation against non-compliant customers.[57]Such contract terms are alleged to stifle innovation and harm competition in the global supply market.[58]European Competition Commissioner Margrethe Vestager said that Broadcom's contract terms with six main customers would "create serious and irreversible harm to competition" if no action were taken.[59]The company agreed to a commitment to suspend agreements containing exclusivity or quasi-exclusivity arrangements and a commitment not to enter into such agreements for seven years.[60]

Patent suits

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In 2017, Broadcom filed patent suits against smart TV manufacturers. The U.S. International Trade Commission ruled in favor of the smart TV manufacturers.[61]

In 2020, Broadcom sued Netflix over multiple patent infringements.[61]Critics have argued that Broadcom is suing Netflix for being more successful,[62]citing the declining number of traditional pay television subscribers due to the rise of streaming services.[63]The Leichtman Research Group calculated that the largest pay TV providers in the U.S. – representing about 95% of the market – lost about 4,915,000 net video subscribers in 2019.[63]Regular customers each pay $231 a year for their boxes, totaling almost $20 billion per year in profit for the cable industry.[62]

2020s

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Broadcom office in Hyderabad, India, as seen in 2022

On January 7, 2020,Accenture PLCagreed to acquire Symantec's 300-person cybersecurity services division from Broadcom.[64]In February 2020, Broadcom announced the world's firstWiFi 6Eclient device, the BCM4389.[65] In early 2020, Raspberry Pi inc revealed that their new boards would have a Broadcom BCM2711 chip.

In May 2022, Broadcom announced their deal to acquire the virtualization and cloud computing software vendorVMwarefor $61 billion in a combination of cash and stock, with Broadcom assuming $8 billion in VMware debt.[66][67][68][46]In November 2022, theUK'sCompetition and Markets Authorityregulator announced it would investigate whether the Broadcom Inc. acquisition of VMware Inc. would "result in a substantial lessening of competition within any market or markets in the United Kingdom for goods or services".[69][70]TheEuropean Commissionalso said it was investigating the proposed acquisition, and as a result, Broadcom and VMware extended the planned completion date out to May 26, 2023.[71]On May 19, 2023, as both UK and EU regulators had yet to complete their investigations, the completion date was formally extended[72]to August 26, 2023, and was later further extended to as late as November 26, 2023.[73]

On November 21, 2023, Broadcom Inc. announced its plan to finalize the $69 billion acquisition ofVMware Inc.on the following Wednesday. This acquisition, one of the largest in the technology sector, received global regulatory scrutiny, including from China, which approved the deal with specific conditions. These conditions require VMware's server software to be compatible with local hardware and not restrict customers from using Broadcom's hardware products. Despite concerns over risingChina-U.S.tensions, the approval from China, which was the last regulatory hurdle, allowed the deal to proceed.[74]The transaction closed on November 22, 2023.[75]On completion, CEO Hock Tan announced that the company would relocate its headquarters in San Jose to the VMware campus inPalo Alto.[76][77]In February 2024, Broadcom sold the end-user computing division, which it inherited from the VMware acquisition, to KKR for $4billion.[78]

Corporate affairs

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Finances

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For the fiscal year 2023, Broadcom reported earnings of US$14.1 billion, with an annual revenue of US$35.8 billion, an increase of 7.9% over the previous fiscal cycle.

Year Revenue
(US$ ml.) 		Net income
(US$ ml.) 		Total assets
(US$ ml.) 		Employees
2009[79] 1,484 (44) 1,970 3,200
2010[79] 2,093 415 2,157 3,500
2011[80] 2,336 552 2,446 3,500
2012[81] 2,364 563 2,862 3,600
2013[82] 2,520 552 3,415 4,800
2014[83] 4,269 263 10,491 8,400
2015[84] 6,824 1,364 10,515 8,200
2016[85] 13,240 (1,739) 49,966 15,700
2017[86] 17,636 1,692 54,418 14,000
2018[87] 20,848 1,692 50,124 15,000
2019[88] 22,597 2,695 67,493 19,000
2020[89] 23,888 2,663 75,933 21,000
2021[90] 27,450 6,437 75,570 20,000
2022[91] 33,203 11,223 73,249 20,000
2023[92] 35,819 14,082 72,861 20,000
2024[1] 51,574 5,895 165,645 37,000

Ownership

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The 10 largest shareholders of Broadcom in early 2024 were:[93]

Products

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Broadcom sells a range of semiconductor and infrastructure software applications that serve the data center (mainframes), networking, software, broadband, wireless, and storage and industrial markets. Common applications for its products include: data center networking, home connectivity, broadband access, telecommunications equipment, smartphones, base stations, data center servers and storage, factory automation, power generation and alternative energy systems, displays, and mainframe operations and management, and application software development.

Broadcom's core technologies and franchise products include networking devices, optical technologies, network interface controllers and data storage.[94]

An AppleAirPort Extrememini PCIeWi-Fi card that uses a Broadcom chip

Vendors have included BroadcomNICsin their products. For example, selectDellPowerEdge blade servers have Broadcom-powered Ethernet port adapters as an add-in card.[95]Other vendors such asApple,Hewlett Packard Enterprise,andRaspberry Pialso use Broadcom NICs.

Asystem on a chipfrom Broadcom in aRaspberry Pi

Vulnerabilities in SoC WiFi stack

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In April 2017, Google'sProject Zeroinvestigated Broadcom'sSoCWiFi stack and found that it lacked "all basic exploit mitigations - including stack cookies, safe unlinking and access permission protection," allowing "full device takeover by Wi-Fi proximity alone, requiring no user interaction."[96]Numerous smartphones, such as by Apple, Samsung and Google were affected.[97][98][99]

Jericho2

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Jericho2 is a programmable Ethernet switch chip that has up to10Tbit/sswitching capacity per device.[100]

Tomahawk 3

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Tomahawk 3 series supports high-density, standards-based 400GbE, 200GbE, and 100GbE switching and routing for hyperscale cloud networks. Broadcom divulged that it is bringing two variants of the Tomahawk-3 to market. The first can provide up to12.8 Tbit/stotal chip bandwidth and contains 256 integrated SerDes, supporting 32 ports at400Gbit/s,64 ports at200 Gbit/s,and 128 ports at100 Gbit/s.The second variant of the Tomahawk-3 has 160 of the 256 SerDes available and delivers8 Tbit/sof aggregate bandwidth. Broadcom is suggesting 80 ports at100 Gbit/s;or 48 ports at100 Gbit/splus either 8 ports at400 Gbit/sor 16 ports at200 Gbit/s;or 96 ports at50 Gbit/splus either 8 ports at400 Gbit/sor 16 ports at200 Gbit/s.[101]The Tomahawk 4 reached a speed of25.6 Tbit/swhile the Tomahawk 5 has a maximum speed of51.2 Tbit/s.[102]

Software

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Broadcom has expanded from its original hardware base and also offersenterprise softwareproducts.[103]

Symantec Enterprise Security

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Broadcom operates its enterprise security business under the Symantec brand. It purchased the suite of enterprise security products from Symantec Corporation in 2019, after which Symantec Corporation changed its name toNortonLifeLock.[104]

BizOps technology

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Broadcom also offers products for supporting BizOps,[clarification needed]including:[105]

  • Clarity – product portfolio management
  • Rally – agile development
  • Blaze CT –Shift-left testing[citation needed]
  • DX Operational Intelligence – AIOps
  • Agile Requirements Designer – model-based testing optimization of processes

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  • Official website
  • BroadcomonOpenSecrets,a website that tracks and publishes data on campaign finance and lobbying
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