Chumming(American EnglishfromPowhatan)[1]is theblue water fishingpractice of throwingmeat-basedgroundbaitcalled "chum"into the water in order to lure variousmarine animals(usually largegame fish) to a designatedfishing ground,so the target animals are more easily caught byhookingorspearing.Chums typically consist of fresh chunks of fish meat with bone and blood, thescentof which attractspredatory fish,particularlysharks,billfishes,tunasandgroupers.[2][3][4]In the past, the chum contents have also been made from "offal",the otherwise rejected or unwanted parts ofslaughteredanimals such asinternal organs.[5]
In Australia and New Zealand, chum is referred to asburley,[6]berleyorberleying.[7]In the United Kingdom, it is also known asrubby dubby(West CountryandYorkshire),[8]shirveyorchirvey(Guernsey),[citation needed]andbait balls.[citation needed]
Chumming is a common practice seen as effective by fishermen all over the world, typically in open oceans.[9]Multiple forms of chum are available and used byanglers.Bunker consists of fish parts with a fish-enticing aroma. Stink bait contains oily fish parts and blood that releases the scent of dead fish into the water.[5]Sour grainis a commonly used form of chum bait when fishing for catfish in inland waters of the Southern United States.[10]
Native Americans[vague]used two methods of chumming. First, they would lie alongside agrasshopperand encourage it to jump into a flowing stream where the fish would consume the grasshopper. The Native Americans would then bait their hook with a grasshopper and hence catch the fish. Additionally, indigenous people would tie a dead animal from a tree above a stream encouragingfliesto lay eggs. After weeks, the eggs becamemaggotsand fell into the water, bringing a concentration of fish into the area.[11]
Chumming is illegal in some parts of the world (such as in theU.S. stateofAlabama)[12]because of the danger it can pose byconditioningsharks to associate feeding with human presence.Floridanrestrictions for chumming include local laws in saltwater areas. Due to the vast barren sandy bottom structure around most of the state, using chum is a necessity and common practice.[5]TheFlorida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission(FWC) approved changes to shark fishing regulations, including prohibiting chumming when fishing for any species from the beach. The new ruling went into effect July 1, 2019.[13]
See also
edit- Chum box,a form of internet advertising whose name is derived from the term.
- Groundbait,a means of "appetizer" baiting used in freshwater orcoarse fishing.
References
edit- ^Siebert, Frank (1975), Crawford, James (ed.), "Resurrecting Virginia Algonquian from the dead: The reconstituted and historical phonology of Powhatan",Studies in Southeastern Indian Languages,Athens, GA, USA: University of Georgia Press, p. 290.
- ^Rudow, Lenny (2012),"Chapter 30. Inshore Chumming",Rudow's Guide to Fishing the Mid Atlantic,Geared Up Publications,ISBN978-0978727802.
- ^Stearns, Bob (December 2001),"Get Chummy",Field & Stream:96–97.
- ^Peschak, Thomas P. (2014),Sharks and People: Exploring Our Relationship with the Most Feared Fish in the Sea,University of Chicago Press, p. 160,ISBN978-0226047928.
- ^abc"Fish Chum and Chumming - America Go Fishing".americagofishing.
- ^Nardene Berry, Melinda Dresser (2012)."Pest Fish Removal and Uses in Lake Ngaroto"(PDF).NZ Landcare Trust.Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2017-04-14.
- ^Bishop, tony,"Berley (ground-baiting)",Basics to Increase Catch Rates,bishfish.co.nz,retrieved2016-06-01.
- ^"Shark Fishing - Whitby Sea Fishing".Whitby Sea Fishing.2013-03-28. Archived fromthe originalon 2017-08-05.Retrieved2022-08-12.
- ^Starr, Joyce."How to Chum and Bait Freshwater Fish".Trails.Retrieved2018-10-02.
- ^"Chumming for Catfish: It's All About the Smell! | Wild Hydro".2022-08-10. Archived fromthe originalon 2024-07-13.Retrieved2022-08-10.
- ^"Ken Schultz - All Things Fishing".KEN SCHULTZ.
- ^Rainer, David."Shark Baiting Regulation in Effect".Outdoor Alabama Weekly.Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.Archived fromthe originalon November 20, 2008.
- ^"FWC Commission addresses shore-based shark fishing concerns with new regulations/educational component | Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission".Archived fromthe originalon 2019-03-30.
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