Wikipedia

Coco(2017 film)

Cocois a 2017 American animatedfantasycomedy-drama filmproduced byPixar Animation StudiosforWalt Disney Pictures.It was directed byLee Unkrich,co-directed byAdrian Molina,and produced byDarla K. Anderson,from a screenplay written by Molina and Matthew Aldrich, and a story by Unkrich, Molina, Aldrich, and Jason Katz, based on an original idea conceived by Unkrich. The film stars the voices ofAnthony Gonzalez,Gael García Bernal,Benjamin Bratt,Alanna Ubach,Renée Victor,Ana Ofelia Murguía,andEdward James Olmos.The story follows a 12-year-old boy named Miguel (Gonzalez) who is accidentally transported to theLand of the Dead,where he seeks the help of his deceased musician great-great-grandfather to return him to his family and reverse their ban on music.

Coco
The theatrical release poster depicts the characters Coco, Dante the dog, Miguel, Héctor, Ernesto, and Imelda, clockwise from the bottom left around the white Day of the Dead-styled guitar. The guitar has a calavera-styled headstock with a small black silhouette of Miguel, who is carrying a guitar, and the dog Dante at the bottom. The neck of the guitar splits the background with their village during the day on the left and at night with fireworks on the right. The film's logo is below the poster with the "Thanksgiving" release date.
Theatrical release poster
Directed byLee Unkrich
Screenplay by
Story by
  • Lee Unkrich
  • Jason Katz
  • Matthew Aldrich
  • Adrian Molina
Produced byDarla K. Anderson
Starring
Cinematography
Edited bySteve Bloom[1]
Music byMichael Giacchino[2]
Production
company
Distributed byWalt Disney Studios
Motion Pictures[a]
Release dates
  • October 20, 2017(2017-10-20)(Morelia)
  • November 22, 2017(2017-11-22)(United States)
Running time
105 minutes[4]
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish[4]
Budget$175–225million[5][6]
Box office$814.3million[7]

The concept forCocois inspired by the Mexican holidayDay of the Dead.Pixar began developing the animation in 2016. Unkrich, Molina, Anderson, and some of the film's crew visited Mexico for research. ComposerMichael Giacchino,who had worked on prior Pixar animated features, composed the score. With a cost of $175–225million,Cocois the first film with a nine-figure budget to feature an all-Latino principal cast.

Cocopremiered on October 20, 2017, during theMorelia International Film FestivalinMorelia, Mexico.[8]It was theatrically released in Mexico the following week, the weekend beforeDía de Muertos,and in the United States on November 22, 2017. The film received acclaim for its animation, voice acting, music, visuals, emotional story, and respect forMexican culture.It grossed over $814million worldwide, becomingthe 15th highest-grossing animated film everat the time of its release.[9][10][11][12]Cocoreceived two awards at the90th Academy Awardsandnumerous other accolades.The film was chosen by theNational Board of Reviewas theBest Animated Filmof 2017.

Plot

In the Mexican town of Santa Cecilia, a young woman named Imelda marries a man who eventually leaves her and their daughter Coco to pursue a music career. When he never returns, Imelda bans music from her family and opens a shoemaking business.

Decades later, Imelda's great-great-grandson Miguel lives in the family home with his parents and relatives, including an elderly and ailing Coco. Despite the family's continued ban on music, Miguel secretly loves it and teaches himself to play guitar by watching videos of his idol, the late musician Ernesto de la Cruz. On theDay of the Dead,Miguel inadvertently bumps the familyofrendaand breaks a frame containing a photo of Imelda and an infant Coco. He discovers a hidden section of the photograph that shows his great-great-grandfather (whose head has been torn from the photo) holding Ernesto's famous guitar. Believing this proves Ernesto is his relative, Miguel excitedly tells his family about his musical aspirations. In response, Miguel's grandmother destroys his guitar.

Distraught, Miguel breaks into Ernesto's mausoleum and takes his guitar to use in a local talent competition. Once Miguel strums it, he becomes invisible to all living people. However, he can interact with his skeletal dead relatives, who are visiting from the Land of the Dead for the holiday. Taking him back with them, they realize Imelda cannot visit since Miguel removed her photo from theofrenda.Miguel also discovers that he has been cursed for stealing from the dead: he must receive a family blessing to return to the living world before sunrise or he will remain in the Land of the Dead forever. Imelda offers him a blessing on the condition that he abandons music, but Miguel refuses and seeks Ernesto's blessing instead.

Miguel encounters Héctor, a down-on-his-luck skeleton who once performed with Ernesto. Héctor offers to bring Miguel to Ernesto in exchange for Miguel placing his photo on anofrendaso he can visit his daughter before she forgets him, which would cause him to fade from existence. Héctor helps Miguel perform in a talent competition to win entry to Ernesto's mansion, but Miguel flees after being discovered by his family.

Miguel sneaks into Ernesto's mansion and is welcomed by a surprised Ernesto, but Héctor appears and accuses Ernesto of stealing his songs. As the two argue, Miguel slowly pieces together the truth: Ernesto and Héctor were once a musical act on the brink of fame until Héctor grew homesick and tried to leave. Unable to write songs himself, Ernesto poisoned Héctor and stole his guitar and songs to pass off as his own. To protect his legacy, Ernesto seizes Héctor's photo and has Miguel and Héctor thrown into acenotepit. There, Héctor reveals that his daughter is named Coco, thus making him Miguel’s actual great-great-grandfather.

After being rescued by his family, Miguel reveals the truth about Héctor's death, and Imelda and Héctor reconcile. The family infiltrates Ernesto's concert to retrieve Héctor's photo. Ernesto's crimes are exposed to the audience, who quickly turn on him, and he is crushed by a falling bell (mirroring his fate in real life), although Héctor's photograph is lost in the chaos. As the sun rises, Imelda and a fading Héctor bless Miguel and return him to the living world.

Back home, Miguel apologizes to his family for running away and plays "Remember Me"on Héctor's guitar, brightening Coco to sing with him. She shares that she kept the torn piece of the photo with Héctor's face, then tells her family stories about her father, preserving his memory and existence in the Land of the Dead. Miguel reconciles with his family and the ban on music is finally lifted.

One year later, Miguel shows his new baby sister, Socorro, the familyofrenda,now displaying photos of Héctor and the recently deceased Coco. Coco's collected letters from Héctor prove Ernesto's theft of his songs, leading to Ernesto's disgrace and Héctor's rightful recognition. In the Land of the Dead, Héctor joins Imelda, Coco, and their family to visit the living world. Miguel performs a heartfelt song for his living and dead relatives.

Voice cast

  • Anthony Gonzalezas Miguel, a 12-year-old aspiring musician.[13][14]
  • Gael García Bernalas Héctor, a charmingtricksterand Miguel's great-great-grandfather in the Land of the Dead who enlists Miguel to help him visit the Land of the Living.[13]
  • Benjamin Brattas Ernesto de la Cruz, the most famous musician in the history of Mexico, and Miguel's idol. Revered by fans worldwide until his untimely death, the charming and charismatic musician is even more beloved in the Land of the Dead. However, later in the film, he is revealed to be a sneaky, murderous fraud who poisoned Héctor to steal his songs and pass them off as his own.[13][16]
    • Antonio Sol provides de la Cruz's singing voice, with the exception of "Remember Me".[17]
  • Alanna Ubachas Mamá Imelda, Miguel's late great-great-grandmother, Héctor's wife, Coco's mother, and thematriarchof the family.[14]
  • Renée Victoras Abuelita, Coco's daughter and Miguel's grandmother who strictly enforces the Rivera family's music ban.[13]
  • Ana Ofelia Murguíaas Mamá Coco, Miguel's great-grandmother and the daughter of Héctor and Imelda who moves around in a wheelchair.[18]
    • Libertad García Fonzi as a young Coco.
  • Edward James Olmosas Chicharrón, a friend of Héctor's who becomes forgotten in the Land of the Dead.[14]
  • Alfonso Arauas Papá Julio, Coco's late husband and Miguel's late great-grandfather.[14][19]
    • Arau reprised his role in the Spanish-language dub of the film.[15]
  • Selene Lunaas Tía Rosita, Miguel's late aunt and Coco's sister-in-law.[14]
  • Dyana Ortellí as Tía Victoria, Miguel's late aunt, Coco and Julio's daughter, and Abuelita's sister.
  • Herbert Sigüenzaas Tíos Oscar and Felipe, Miguel's late identical twin uncles.[14]
  • Jaime Camilas Papá, Miguel's father and Abuelita's son.[14]
  • Sofía Espinosaas Mamá, Miguel's mother.[14]
    • Espinosa reprised her role in the Spanish-language dub of the film.[15]
  • Luis Valdezas Tío Berto, Miguel's uncle, Papa's brother, and Franco and Abuelita's son.[14]
    • Valdez also voices Don Hidalgo, a co-starring fictional character in a film Ernesto was the star of.
    • Valdez reprised the role of Tío Berto in the Spanish-language dub of the film.[15]
  • Carla Medinaas Gloria, Miguel's aunt, Papa's sister, and Franco and Abuelita's daughter.
    • Medina also voices a Departure Agent.[14]
    • Medina reprised the role of a Departure Agent in the Spanish-language dub of the film.[15]
  • Polo Rojas as Abel, Berto and Carmen's oldest son and Miguel's cousin.
  • Montse Hernandez as Rosa, Berto and Carmen's daughter and Miguel's cousin.
  • Lombardo Boyaras Plaza Mariachi, aMariachiwhom Miguel meets in Santa Cecilia Plaza.[14]
    • Boyar also voices Gustavo, a musician of the Land of the Dead.
  • Octavio Solisas Arrival Agent.[14]
  • Gabriel Iglesiasas Clerk.[14]
  • Cheech Marinas Corrections Officer.[14]
  • Blanca Araceli asEmcee.[14]
  • Natalia Cordova-BuckleyasFrida Kahlo,a famous artist.[20]
  • Salvador Reyes as a Security Guard.[14]
    • Reyes reprised his role in the Spanish-language dub of the film.[15]
  • John Ratzenbergeras Juan Ortodoncia, whose dentist puts his picture on anofrenda.[21]

The animal characters Dante and Pepita arealebrijes,spirit guides in this film. Dante is aXoloitzcuintlewith bird-like wings in his alebrije form. Pepita is a cat whose alebrije form gives her the head, torso, and front paws of ajaguar,the horns of aram,the wings and hindlegs of aneagle,and the tail of aniguana.

Production

Development

Lee Unkrich(pictured in 2009) first conceptualizedCocoin 2010.

Lee Unkrichfirst pitched an idea for the film in 2010, whenToy Story 3,which he also directed, was released.[13]Initially, the film was to be about an American child, learning about his Mexican heritage, while dealing with the death of his mother. Eventually, the team decided that this was the wrong approach and reformed the film to focus on a Mexican child instead.[22]Of the original version, Unkrich noted that it "reflected the fact that none of us at the time were from Mexico".[22]The fact that the film depicted "a real culture" caused anxiety for Unkrich, who "felt an enormous responsibility on [his] shoulders to do it right".[22]

ThePixarteam made several trips to Mexico to help define the characters and story ofCoco.Unkrich said, "I'd seen it portrayed infolk art.There was something about the juxtaposition of skeletons with bright, festive colors that captured my imagination. It has led me down a winding path of discovery. And the more I learn about[el]Día de los Muertos,the more it affects me deeply. "[23]The team found it difficult working with skeletal creatures, as they lacked anymuscular system,and as such had to be animated differently from their human counterparts.[24]Cocoalso took inspiration fromHayao Miyazaki'sanimefilmsSpirited Away(2001) andHowl's Moving Castle(2004) as well as the action filmJohn Wick(2014).[25]

In 2013,Disneyrequested to trademark the phrase "Día de los Muertos" for merchandising applications. This was met with criticism from theMexican-Americancommunity in the United States.[26]Lalo Alcaraz,a Mexican-American cartoonist, drew a film poster titledMuerto Mouse,depicting a skeletalGodzilla-sizedMickey Mousewith the byline "It's coming to trademark yourcultura."[27]More than 21,000 people signed a petition onChange.orgstating that the trademark was "cultural appropriationand exploitation at its worst ".[26]A week later, Disney canceled the attempt, with the official statement saying that the "trademark filing was intended to protect any title for our film and related activities. It has since been determined that the title of the film will change, and therefore we are withdrawing our trademark filing."[28]In 2015, Pixar hired Alcaraz to consult on the film,[27]joining playwrightOctavio Solisand former CEO of the Mexican Heritage Corp. Marcela Davison Aviles, to form a cultural consultant group.[13]

Story

Unkrich found writing the script "the toughest nut to crack".[29]Earlier versions of the film had different universe rules regarding how Miguel (originally called Marco) would get back from the land of the dead; in one case he physically had to run across the bridge. In one version of the story, his family is cursed with singing when trying to speak, which was included as a technique to add music to a story where music is banned.[30]

Casting

Cocois the first motion picture with a nine-figure budget to feature an all-Latinocast, with a cost of $175–200million.[31]Anthony Gonzalezfirst auditioned for the role of Miguel when he was nine and was finalized in the role two years later.[32]Speaking of his character, Gonzalez said: "[Miguel and I] both know the importance of following our dream and we know the importance of following our tradition, so that's something that I connected with Miguel a lot".[33]During the film's pre-production, Miguel was originally set to be voiced by a child named Emilio Fuentes, who was removed from the role after his voice deepened due to puberty throughout the film's production.[34]

In 2016, theCocoteam made an official announcement about the cast, which revealed thatGael García Bernal,Benjamin Bratt,Renée Victor,andAnthony Gonzalezwould voice the characters.[35]Bratt, who voiced De la Cruz, was "moved" when he realized that Disney-Pixar wanted to make a film onLatin culture.[36]Disney officials closely monitored Bernal's movements and expressions while he voiced the characters and used their input for animating Héctor.[37]

Bratt voiced Ernesto de la Cruz, a character who he described as "the MexicanFrank Sinatra";"[a] larger than life persona ".[38]On the advice of the filmmakers, Bratt watched videos of equivalent Mexican actors includingJorge NegreteandPedro Infante.Bratt found the character similar to his father in physical appearance, "swagger and confidence", and worked in the film as a tribute to him.[39]The character Mama Imelda's voice was provided byAlanna Ubach.Ubach said that the film "is [giving] respect to one quality that all Latin families across the universe do have in common, and that is giving respect and prioritizing the importance of family". Mama Imelda's voice was influenced by Ubach'stíaFlora, who was a "profound influence in [her] life". Ubach said hertíawas the family'smatriarch,and dedicated the film to her.[40]

Acameo appearancewas made by actressNatalia Cordova-Buckleyas Mexican artistFrida Kahlo.[20]Unkrich stated that Cordova-Buckley's "role inCocopays homage to Ms. Kahlo, her work and the people of Mexico who love her ".[41]Unkrich also stated that it was a struggle to find a role in the film forJohn Ratzenberger,who is not Latino but had voiced a character in everyPixar feature film.As Unkrich did not want to break Pixar's tradition, Ratzenberger was given a minor role with one word.[21]

Animation

Adrian Molina at the 2017Annecy International Animation Festival

On April 13, 2016, Unkrich announced that they had begun work on the animation.[42]The film's writer,Adrian Molina,was promoted to co-director in late 2016.[13]Unkrich said that Pixar wanted "to have as much contrast between" the Land of the Living and the Land of the Dead and that many techniques were used to differentiate the worlds. Color was one: "Given the holiday and the iconography, [Pixar] knew the Land of the Dead had to be a visually vibrant and colorful place, so [they] deliberately designed Santa Cecilia to be more muted" said Unkrich.[3]

According to Harley Jessup, the film's production designer, Santa Cecilia is based on real Mexican villages, as the production team "stayed grounded in reality in the Land of the Living". Chris Bernardi, the film's set supervisor, said that the town was made small so Miguel could feel confined. Bert Berry, the film's art director, said that aged building materials were used to depict Santa Cecilia "as an older charming city".[3]According to Unkrich, Miguel's guitar playing is authentic, as they "videotaped musicians playing each song or melody and strappedGoProson their guitars "to use as a reference. For the scene in which Miguel plays music in his secret hideout, the filmmakers used" very elegant, lyrical camera moves "and" gentle drifts and slow arcing moves around Miguel as he plays his guitar with very shallow depth of field to enhance the beauty of the soft-focus foreground candles ".[3]

Christian Hoffman, the film's character supervisor, said that all of the details in Mama Coco's face were not modeled. Instead, his team used special software to design separate layers of detail, which were then added to her face with a shader. The character's model was made with higher resolution to get all the wrinkles right, according to Hoffman.[3]Pixar used some Xolo dogs as a reference for the character Dante, while a tentacle fromFinding Dory's Hank was used for his tongue.

Jessup called themarigoldpetal bridge that connects both worlds "elegant and magical". Michael K. O'Brien, the film's effects supervisor, called it "a huge technical challenge" for the animation team, but referred to it as something "so visually exciting with petals dripping from it; it was a massive artistic undertaking. [the production team] wanted it to glow—to feel alive". The scenes in which Miguel takes a few petals off of the bridge and in which Hector sinks into the bridge were given more effects and special art direction.[3]

For the Land of the Dead, Unkrich did not want "to have just a free-for-all, wacky world", wanting instead to add logic and be "ever-expanding because new residents would arrive regularly". Jessup said that the animation team wanted the Land of the Dead "to be a vibrant explosion of color" when Miguel arrived. Jessup also said that "Lee [Unkrich] described a vertical world of towers, contrasting with the flatness of Santa Cecilia. The lights and reflections are dazzling and there's a crazy transportation system that connects it all. The costume colors are much more vibrant than in the Land of the Living, where [the animation team] tried to stay grounded in reality. [They] really went all out in the Land of the Dead to make it a reflection of the holiday". According to David Ryu, the film's supervising technical director, the animation team "figured out a way to introduce a single light — but give it a million points" for the scenes on the outside in the Land of the Dead: "The renderer sees it as one light, but we see a million lights".[3]

According to art director Daniel Arraiga, the animators "had to figure out how to give [theskeletons] personality without skin, muscles, noses or even lips "and that they" played with shapes and did a lot of paintings. [They] sculpted and studied skulls from every angle to figure out where [they] could add appeal and charm ". Global technology supervisor J.D. Northrup was hired early in the film's production to avoid potential issues in the film's animation process. Northrup said" Each [of the skeletons' pieces] had to be independent so the complexity of the rig and the stress that it puts on the pipeline were something like we've never seen before. "Northrup was also tasked with simplifying the skeleton's elements to render the skeleton crowds. To create the skeletons, several additional controls were used, as they" needed to move in ways that humans don't, "according to character modeling and articulation lead Michael Honse. Honse said that the bones were a particular problem, stating that" there was a lot of back-and-forth with animation to get it right, "but found" really cool ways "to move the skeletons.[3]

Music and soundtrack

Main article:Coco (soundtrack)

Marketing and release

The first teaser ofCocowas released on March 15, 2017.[43]The teaser trailer introduced the basic concept of the film while highlighting its focus on music.[44]Scott Mendelson ofForbespraised the trailer as "a terrific old-school Pixar sell, mostly consisting of a single sequence and offering just the barest hint of what's to come."[43]The film's themes and imagery drew comparison to another animated film that centered aroundel Día de los Muertos,The Book of Life(2014).[44][45]A two-minute short film, titledDante's Lunch – A Short Tail,was released online on March 29, 2017. It introduces the film's supporting character, a Xoloitzcuintle named Dante. The short was created early in the animation process by Unkrich and his team to have a better sense of the character.[46]

The first official trailer was released on June 7, 2017,[47]followed by a second trailer on September 13.[48]The film was marketed extensively in Mexico, including traditional wall-painted advertising usually used for local events and never for films.Cinépolis,a movie chain in the country, held a contest for dubbing a character in the film,[49]and another movie chain held a contest to become an interviewer for the cast and crew of the film.[50]

Cocopremiered on October 27, 2017, at theMorelia International Film Festival.[51]It was released in the United States on November 22, in3D.[52]The film was initially scheduled for release on June 17, 2016, but was later pushed back to November 22, 2017.[53]In theaters, the film was accompanied byWalt Disney Animation Studios' 21-minute featuretteOlaf's Frozen Adventureas a limited-time offering, makingCocothe first Pixar film not to be accompanied by a Pixar short sinceToy Story(1995).[54]The film also has its ownVR game,being Pixar's first VR development.[55]

Cocowas released forhigh-definitiononline streaminganddigital downloadon February 13, 2018, and onDVD,Blu-ray,and4K Ultra HD Blu-rayon February 27, 2018, byWalt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.[56]The film made a revenue of $72.8 million from home video sales with 3.8 million units sold, making it the fourth best-selling title of 2018.[57]

A sing-along version of the film with onscreen lyrics was released onDisney+on September 16, 2022.[58]

As part of Disney's 100th anniversary,Cocowas re-released between September 15–28, 2023 in the United States[59]and October 26-November 1 in Latin America alongside Walt Disney Animation Studios'Moana.[60]

Reception

Box office

Cocogrossed $210.4million in the United States and Canada, and $603.8million in other countries, for a worldwide total of $814.3million.[7]

Mexico

Cocowas released in Mexico on October 27, nearly one month prior to the United States. It grossed $9.3million on its opening weekend, the biggest opening weekend for an original animated film, and the biggest debut for an animated film outside of the summer movie season in the market.[61]In its second weekend, it earned another $10.8million, a 12% increase over its first weekend, bringing its total to $28million. It became the fastest ten-day grosser ever for an animated feature in Mexico, and the biggest original animated release ever in the territory.[62][63]It dropped by 23% in its third weekend, grossing $8.4million. That brought its total toMX$792million (US$41.4million), making it the highest-grossing animated film and the second-highest-grossing film of all time in Mexico, behindMarvel'sThe Avengers,in local currency.[64]A few days later, on November 15, it passedThe Avengersto become the highest-grossing film in the Mexican market.[9][10][11][12]

United States and Canada

In the United States and Canada,Cocowas projected to gross $55–65million from 3,987 theaters in its first five days, including around $40million in its opening weekend.[65]It made $2.3million from Tuesday night previews, landing betweenDisney's previous two November releasesMoana($2.6million) andThe Good Dinosaur($1.3million), and $13.2million on its first day. It went on to debut to $50.8million (including a five-day total of $72.9million), finishing first at the box office.[66]It was the 4th-biggestThanksgivingopening weekend ever, behind fellow animated filmsFrozen,Moana,andToy Story 2.[6]In its second weekend, the film dropped by 46% to $27.5million, a smaller drop thanMoana,Frozen,Tangled,andThe Good Dinosaur,and again topping the box office.[67][68]It topped the box office once again in its third weekend, dropping by 33% and grossing $18.5million, a similar hold toMoana.[69]It became the fourth film of 2017 to top the box office three times, followingSplit,The Fate of the Furious,andThe Hitman's Bodyguard,before being overtaken by Disney'sStar Wars: The Last Jediand another animated film,Ferdinand,in its fourth weekend.[70][71]

It fell to number six in its fifth weekend, due to competition from three new releases—Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle,Pitch Perfect 3,andThe Greatest Showman—despite a small drop again; it grossed $2.8million onChristmas Day.[72]On the holiday week of December 22–28, the film finished at number six with a gross of $16.3million, which was 6% up from the previous week, despite losing over 1,000 theaters.[73]It finished at number six in its sixth weekend, going up 39% and 87%, respectively, during the three-day[74]and four-day weekends;[75]it grossed $2.6million onNew Year's Day.[76]It fell outside the top 10 in its eighth weekend (which includedMartin Luther King Jr. Day), dropping 38% and 14% respectively, during the three-day[77]and four-day weekends.[78]

Other countries

In China,Cocofinished number one at the weekend box office, with a three-day total of $18.2million, making it the second-highest opening ever for a Disney or Pixar animated release in that market, behindZootopia.[79][80]After seeing increases each weekday on its first week,[81]the film increased by 148% on its second weekend, bringing its total to $75.6million in the market.[68][82]It dropped by 21% in its third weekend, finishing first once again and grossing $35million.[83]The film fell to number three in its fourth weekend, due to competition from two new domestic releases, grossing an additional $17.1million.[84]Coco'ssuccess in China came as a surprise to most box office analysts who were projecting a gross of $30–40million. By its second weekend, it had become the highest-grossing Pixar release ever in China, nearly doubling previous record-holderFinding Dory,and by its fifth weekend, it had surpassedDespicable Me 3to become the second highest-grossing animated movie of all time in the country, behindZootopia.[85][86]The movie was released in Japan, its final market, on March 16, 2018. As of May 1, 2018the film's largest markets were China ($189.2million), Mexico ($57.8million), Japan ($41.4million), France ($33.2million), United Kingdom ($26.1million), South Korea ($25.9million), Spain ($21.4million), Argentina ($17.6million), Italy ($14.4million) and Germany ($12.3million).[87]

Critical response

Cocoreceived critical acclaim.[b]On thereview aggregatorwebsiteRotten Tomatoes,the film holds an approval rating of 97% based on 359 reviews, with an average rating of 8.3/10. The consensus reads; "Coco's rich visual pleasures are matched by a thoughtful narrative that takes a family-friendly—and deeply affecting—approach to questions of culture, family, life, and death. "[92]OnMetacritic,which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score of 81 out of 100, based on 48 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[93]Audiences polled byCinemaScoregave the film a grade of "A+" on an A+ to F scale, one of fewer than 90 films in the history of the service to receive such a score; it was also the sixth Pixar film to earn the rating—the previous beingUpin 2009.[6]It also earned a 95% positive score, including a rare five-out-of-five rating, from filmgoers onPostTrak,along with a 76% "definite recommend".[67]

Michael Rechtshaffen ofThe Hollywood Reportersaid, "At every imaginative juncture, the filmmakers (the screenplay is credited to Pixar veteran Molina and Matthew Aldrich) create a richly woven tapestry of comprehensively researched storytelling, fully dimensional characters, clever touches both tender and amusingly macabre, and vivid, beautifully textured visuals."[94]Robert Abele ofTheWrappraised the film, saying: "If an animated movie is going to offer children a way to process death, it's hard to envision a more spirited, touching and breezily entertaining example thanCoco."[95]In his review forVariety,Peter Debruge wrote, "In any case, it works:Coco's creators clearly had the perfect ending in mind before they'd nailed down all the other details, and though the movie drags in places, and features a few too many childish gags... the story's sincere emotional resolution earns the sobs it's sure to inspire. "Debruge also described the film as" [An] effective yet hardly exceptional addition to the Pixar oeuvre. "[96]Matt Zoller SeitzofRogerEbertgave the film four out of four, writing that "There's a touch of Japanese masterHayao Miyazakiin the film's matter-of-fact depiction of the dead interacting with the living, as well as its portrayal of certain creatures "such as Dante and Pepita. He concluded his review by stating," I had some minor quibbles about [Coco] while I was watching it, but I can't remember what they were. This film is a classic. "[97]

Peter TraversofRolling Stonerated the film 3.5 out of four, calling it a "loving tribute toMexican culture",while praising the animation, vocal performances (particularly of Gonzalez, García Bernal, and Bratt), and its emotional and thematic tone and depth.[98]TheChicago Tribune'sMichael Phillipscalled the film "vividly good, beautifully animated", praising Giacchino's musical score and the songs, as well as drawing a comparison to the emotional tone ofInside Out.[99]A. O. ScottofThe New York Timespraised the film as "a time-tested tune with captivating originality and flair, and with roving, playful pop-culture erudition", and called the film's cultural vibe "inclusive" and "a 21st-century Disney hallmark".[100]Richard Roeperof theChicago Sun-Timesfound the film to be "full of life" and deemed it "a bouncy and heart-tugging adventure" while lauding the vocal performances as "fantastic" and "first-rate".[101]Brian Truitt ofUSA Todaydescribed the film as "effervescent, clever and thoughtful," calling it one of "Pixar's most gorgeously animated outings", and "the most musical Pixar film, with a host of catchy tunes".[102]Stephen Whitty of theNewark Star-Ledgerwrote that the backgrounds "have a vibrancy, and its atmosphere carries a warmth. And even after it's done, both linger, just a bit—like a perfectly struck guitar chord".[103]

Accolades

Main article:List of accolades received by Coco (2017 film)

At the90th Academy Awards,Cocoreceived awards forBest Animated FeatureandBest Original Song.[104]The film's other nominations include thirteenAnnie Awards(winning eleven),[105]aBritish Academy Film Award(which it won),[106]twoCritics' Choice Movie Awards(winning both),[107]and twoGolden Globe Awards(winning one).[108]Cocowas chosen by theNational Board of Reviewas theBest Animated Filmof 2017.[109]

Controversy

In 2018, several Mexican news outlets reported that Disney and Pixar had failed to disclose that the producers forCocohad based the character of Mamá Coco on María de la Salud Ramírez Caballero from thePurépechavillage ofSanta Fe de la Laguna,"a town of Purépecha potters inQuiroga,Michoacán. "[110]In a news interview, Salud stated that the producers "offered me so many things, but nothing came of it. They only came and took my picture and took it with them. They asked me what I need. Well, look at how I live and alone. My daughters live here, behind the house. And I'm here alone, that's what I have."[111]In a report byTelemundo,residents and artisans of Santa Fe de la Laguna recognized that the attention Salud has received from people throughout the world has increased tourism for the town.[112]Gabriela Gabriel Fabián, a potter of the town, noted "It has benefited us because many more tourists come. This town is known because of the lady's fame, they buy our artwork, everything we do and figures of her."[113]

While the production team at Disney and Pixar have recognized that they "based the Rivera family—a multigenerational matriarchy headed by Miguel's formidable grandmother—on real-world families with whom they embedded while visiting the Mexican states ofOaxacaandGuanajuatobetween 2011 and 2013 ", they have not acknowledged Salud's contribution to the film.[114]Co-director Adrian Molina stated, "not only is [Coco] based in a real place, in Mexico, but it's based in real traditions, so we knew it was very important to do the research, to get every detail recorded, so that when we get back to Pixar and we start deciding what is this town going to look like, what is this grandmother going to wear, what kind of dancing and music are they going to listen to, it can all come from an informed place. "However, Salud remains unmentioned in all reports Disney and Pixar have made regarding the inspiration for the film.[115]

Since the film's release, Salud reported that tourists have visited her home, referring to her as "Mamá Coco". In response, she replied, "Yes, but [" Mamá Coco "is] not my name. [The producers] chose that name. And now all the people who come and visit tell us that's my name. But I tell them no, it's not my name. My name is María de la Salud."[111]Before the film's release, Salud was diagnosed withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and depended on oxygen tanks to breathe. Salud's family had expressed that they "aren't looking to receive royalties, or money, despite [her] need to recharge her oxygen tank every two days." However, they asked "that the company acknowledge her contribution" to the film, which has yet to occur.[113]Salud died on October 16, 2022, aged 109.[116]

Other media

Broadway adaptation

On January 24, 2023, duringEpcot's annualDisney on Broadwayconcert,The Lion Kingactor Steven Taylor announced that a live stage show adaptation of the film is currently in development atDisney Theatrical Productions.[117]

Theme parks

Miguel appears inFrontierlandatDisneylandas a meet and greet character, and he also appears in the park's "Magic Happens" parade.[118]

Upcoming theme park ride

In August 2024, it was announced that a ride themed to the film is in development forDisney California Adventure,with construction scheduled to start in 2026.[119]

See also

Notes

  1. ^Distributed byWalt Disney Studios Motion Picturesthrough theWalt Disney Picturesbanner.
  2. ^Attributed to multiple references:[88][89][90][91]

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