Coleopteridais asuperorderof insects consisting of the ordersColeopteraandStrepsiptera.It is established as the sister group ofNeuropteridabased onphylogenetic analysisof DNA sequence data. The grouping is also supported by morphological data.[3]The Coleopterida are estimated to have first appeared during theCarboniferousperiod, but the earliest confirmed fossils of the group date to thePermian.[4]The Carboniferous insect speciesStephanastus polinaehas been interpreted by some authors as the sister group of Coleoptera and Strepsiptera (as its own extinct order, Skleroptera), but this interpretation has been disputed and it has been alternatively suggested to be a member of the extinct orderProtelytroptera(astem groupof the modernDermaptera,the earwigs).[4][1][2]
| Coleopterida Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Dytiscus latissimus(Coleoptera),Caenocholax fenyesi(Strepsiptera) andStephanastus polinae(Skleroptera) | |
Scientific classification
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| (unranked): | Holometabola |
| Clade: | Aparaglossata |
| Clade: | Neuropteroidea |
| Clade: | Coleopterida |
| Orders | |
| |
References
edit- ^abRolf G. Beutel; Evgeny V. Yan; Jarmila Kukalová-Peck (2019). "Is †Skleroptera (†Stephanastus) an order in the stemgroup of Coleopterida (Insecta)? ".Insect Systematics & Evolution.50(5): 670–678.doi:10.1163/1876312X-00002187.S2CID90936851.
- ^abAlexander G. Kirejtshuk; Andre Nel (2019). "Reply to the Paper" Beutel et al. 2018. Is †Skleroptera (†Stephanastus) an order in the stemgroup of Coleopterida (Insecta)? "".Insect Systematics & Evolution.51(3): 375–383.doi:10.1163/1876312X-00002206.S2CID202027899.
- ^Beutel, Rolf G.; Pohl, Hans; Yan, Evgeny V.; Anton, Eric; Liu, Si-Pei; Ślipiński, Adam; McKenna, Duane; Friedrich, Frank (January 2019)."The phylogeny of Coleopterida (Hexapoda) – morphological characters and molecular phylogenies".Systematic Entomology.44(1): 75–102.doi:10.1111/syen.12316.S2CID92390950.
- ^abBeutel, R.G.; Xu, C.; Jarzembowski, E.; Kundrata, R.; Boudinot, B.E.; McKenna, D.D.; Goczał, J. (2024)."The evolutionary history of Coleoptera (Insecta) in the late Palaeozoic and the Mesozoic".Systematic Entomology.Early View: 1–34.doi:10.1111/syen.12623.