Elastration(a portmanteau of "elastic" and "castration" ) is a bloodless method of malecastrationanddockingcommonly used forlivestock.Elastration is simplybandingthe body part (scrotumortail) until it drops off. This method is favored for its simplicity, low cost, and minimal training requirements.
Castration
editElastration is the most common method used to castratesheepandgoats,[1]but is also common incattle.[2]
Procedure
editElastration involves restraining the animal, without the need for anesthesia or sedation (unlike most other castration methods), in a position that provides access to the genitals. Specialelastrator pliersare then used to place a tightlatex(rubber)elastrator ringgently around the base of thescrotum.[3]This cuts the blood supply to the scrotum and testicles, which will totally decay and slough off within a few weeks.[4]Care must be taken during the procedure to ensure that both testicles are fully descended and properly located inside the scrotum, and that the animal's nipples are not included within the ring. Elastration is normally limited to castrations done during the first few weeks of life, and it cannot be used for species where the scrotum does not have a narrow base, such aspigsorhorses.It is commonly recommended to not use this method on goats until they are 8 weeks or older. This is due to possible complications that could occur later in life like urinarycalculi.Goats that are banded during the first month of age are most at risk.[5]
Possible complications
editThe country of Lithuania has banned the practice due to their belief that the procedure is inhumane.[6]There is some evidence that elastration is more painful if carried out on older animals,[7]although much of the immediate pain of application can be prevented by injection of local anaesthesia into the scrotal neck and testicles.[8]Practitioners usually try to elastrate as soon as possible, once the testicles have descended, to reduce the amount of dead tissue, infection, and accompanying complications.[2]However, with some animals such as goats, castrating too early increases the frequency ofkidney stonesand urinary problems due to reduced size of theurethra,so elastration may be postponed.[9]If bull calves are castrated within the first one or two days the testes may sometimes be small and soft enough to be drawn up through the ring, and they continue to develop above the scrotum – surgical castration then becomes necessary.
Improper use of banding can result in death and charges of cruelty.[10]
Docking
edit
The same tool and rings are also used todockthe tails of many breeds of sheep, to prevent dung building up on the tails (which can lead tofly strike). This is usually done at the same time as castration of the ram lambs.
It is also called sheep marking in Australia and signaling inArgentinaandUruguaydue to being done at the same time as the "signaling" or marking of the lambs' ears.[11]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^Baby Lamb Processing
- ^ab"Cattleman Article".Archived fromthe originalon 2006-11-10.Retrieved2007-12-19.
- ^*Cottle, D.J. (1991).Australian Sheep and Wool Handbook.Melbourne, Australia: Inkata Press. pp. 20–23.ISBN978-0-909605-60-5.
- ^http://animals.pawnation /billy-goats-smell-bad-3344.html#WetheringArchived2014-12-23 at theWayback MachineWhy Do Billy Goats Smell So Bad?
- ^"Archived copy"(PDF).Archived fromthe original(PDF)on 2017-07-12.Retrieved2017-01-18.
{{cite web}}:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^Spoolder, Hans (March 2016)."Initiatives to reduce mutilations in EU livestock production".[permanent dead link]
- ^Hajiba Zaaboul,Effects of Age and Method of Castration on Performance and Stress Response of Beef Cattle,Ag-Info Centre, Alberta Agriculture and Food.
- ^Dinniss, AS; Mellor, DJ; Stafford, KJ; Bruce, RA; Ward, RN (Jun 1997). "Acute cortisol responses of lambs to castration using a rubber ring and/or a castration clamp with or without local anaesthetic".New Zealand Veterinary Journal.45(3): 114–21.doi:10.1080/00480169.1997.36005.PMID16031965.
- ^Fiasco Farms. Goat Health & Husbandry.Male Goat Information: Bucks & Wethers.Retrieved 6 October 2008.
- ^Three from Wisconsin Dells charged in bungled kitten castration[1]
- ^La Señalada, Manejo, Secretariado Uruguayo de la Lana[2]