Endomysium

Endomysium
Endomysium
	Structure of a skeletal muscle. (Endomysium labeled at bottom center.)
Identifiers
TA98	A04.0.00.043
TA2	2007
TH	H3.03.00.0.00004
FMA	9729
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

Theendomysium,meaningwithin the muscle,is a wispy layer ofareolar connective tissuethat ensheaths each individualmuscle fiber,ormuscle cell.^[1]^[2]^[3]It also containscapillariesandnerves.It overlies the muscle fiber'scell membrane:thesarcolemma.Endomysium is the deepest and smallest component ofmuscle connective tissue.This thin layer helps provide an appropriate chemical environment for the exchange ofcalcium,sodium,andpotassium,which is essential for the excitation and subsequent contraction of a muscle fiber.

Endomysium combines withperimysiumandepimysiumto create the collagen fibers oftendons,providing the tissue connection between muscles and bones by indirect attachment.^[4]It connects with perimysium using intermittent perimysial junction plates.^[5]

Collagenis the major protein that composes connective tissues like endomysium.^[6]Endomysium has been shown to contain mainlytype Iandtype IIIcollagen components, andtype IVandtype Vin very minor amounts.^[7]Others have found type IV and type V more common.^[2]

The termcardiac skeletonis sometimes considered synonymous with endomysium in theheart,but cardiac skeleton also refers to the combination of the endomysium andperimysium.

Clinical significance

Anti-endomysial antibodies(EMA) are present inceliac disease.^[8]They do not cause any direct symptoms to muscles, but detection of EMA is useful in the diagnosis of the disease.^[9]

References

^Abdulkarim, Ahmad S.; Murray, Joseph A. (2004-01-01),"Celiac Disease",in Johnson, Leonard R. (ed.),Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology,New York: Elsevier, pp.278–283,doi:10.1016/b0-12-386860-2/00110-6,ISBN 978-0-12-386860-2,retrieved2020-11-02
^^a ^bStecco, Carla; Hammer, Warren; Vleeming, Andry; De Caro, Raffaele (2015-01-01), Stecco, Carla; Hammer, Warren; Vleeming, Andry; De Caro, Raffaele (eds.),"3 - Deep Fasciae",Functional Atlas of the Human Fascial System,Churchill Livingstone, pp.51–102,doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-4430-4.00003-8,ISBN 978-0-7020-4430-4,retrieved2020-11-02
^Laurent, Rodger (2010-01-01), Sambrook, Philip; Schrieber, Leslie; Taylor, Thomas; Ellis, Andrew M. (eds.),"Disorders of Skeletal Muscle",The Musculoskeletal System (Second Edition),Churchill Livingstone, pp.109–122,doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3377-3.00008-1,ISBN 978-0-7020-3377-3,retrieved2020-11-02
^Saladin, K. S. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.^{[page needed]}
^Purslow, Peter P.; Delage, Jean-Paul (2012-01-01), Schleip, Robert; Findley, Thomas W.; Chaitow, Leon; Huijing, Peter A. (eds.),"1.1 - General anatomy of the muscle fasciae",Fascia: The Tensional Network of the Human Body,Oxford: Churchill Livingstone, pp.5–10,doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3425-1.00035-0,ISBN 978-0-7020-3425-1,retrieved2020-11-02
^Christ, George J.; Passipieri, Juliana A.; Treasure, Trevor E.; Freeman, Phillip N.; Wong, Mark E.; Martin, Neil R. W.; Player, Darren; Lewis, Mark P. (2015-01-01), Vishwakarma, Ajaykumar; Sharpe, Paul; Shi, Songtao; Ramalingam, Murugan (eds.),"Chapter 43 - Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering",Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering in Dental Sciences,Boston: Academic Press, pp.567–592,doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397157-9.00047-3,ISBN 978-0-12-397157-9,retrieved2020-11-02
^Light, N; Champion, A. E. (1984)."Characterization of muscle epimysium, perimysium and endomysium collagens".The Biochemical Journal.219(3):1017–26.doi:10.1042/bj2191017.PMC1153576.PMID 6743238.
^Keren, David F. (2013-01-01), Wild, David (ed.),"Chapter 9.15 - Autoimmune Disease",The Immunoassay Handbook (Fourth Edition),Oxford: Elsevier, pp.869–890,doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097037-0.00069-5,ISBN 978-0-08-097037-0,retrieved2020-11-02
^Pruessner, H. T. (1998)."Detecting celiac disease in your patients".American Family Physician.57(5):1023–34,1039–41.PMID 9518950.Archived fromthe originalon 2020-05-28.Retrieved2015-05-23.

External links

Scholiahas atopicprofile forEndomysium.

UIUC Histology Subject777
Illustration at wku.edu
Anatomy photo: Musculoskeletal/muscle/skeletal1/skeletal3- Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis
MedEd at Loyolahisto/practical/muscle/hp7-42.html

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[1] Abdulkarim, Ahmad S.; Murray, Joseph A. (2004-01-01),"Celiac Disease",in Johnson, Leonard R. (ed.),Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology,New York: Elsevier, pp.278–283,doi:10.1016/b0-12-386860-2/00110-6,ISBN 978-0-12-386860-2,retrieved2020-11-02

[:0-2] Stecco, Carla; Hammer, Warren; Vleeming, Andry; De Caro, Raffaele (2015-01-01), Stecco, Carla; Hammer, Warren; Vleeming, Andry; De Caro, Raffaele (eds.),"3 - Deep Fasciae",Functional Atlas of the Human Fascial System,Churchill Livingstone, pp.51–102,doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-4430-4.00003-8,ISBN 978-0-7020-4430-4,retrieved2020-11-02

[3] Laurent, Rodger (2010-01-01), Sambrook, Philip; Schrieber, Leslie; Taylor, Thomas; Ellis, Andrew M. (eds.),"Disorders of Skeletal Muscle",The Musculoskeletal System (Second Edition),Churchill Livingstone, pp.109–122,doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3377-3.00008-1,ISBN 978-0-7020-3377-3,retrieved2020-11-02

[4] Saladin, K. S. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.^{[page needed]}

[5] Purslow, Peter P.; Delage, Jean-Paul (2012-01-01), Schleip, Robert; Findley, Thomas W.; Chaitow, Leon; Huijing, Peter A. (eds.),"1.1 - General anatomy of the muscle fasciae",Fascia: The Tensional Network of the Human Body,Oxford: Churchill Livingstone, pp.5–10,doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-3425-1.00035-0,ISBN 978-0-7020-3425-1,retrieved2020-11-02

[6] Christ, George J.; Passipieri, Juliana A.; Treasure, Trevor E.; Freeman, Phillip N.; Wong, Mark E.; Martin, Neil R. W.; Player, Darren; Lewis, Mark P. (2015-01-01), Vishwakarma, Ajaykumar; Sharpe, Paul; Shi, Songtao; Ramalingam, Murugan (eds.),"Chapter 43 - Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering",Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering in Dental Sciences,Boston: Academic Press, pp.567–592,doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397157-9.00047-3,ISBN 978-0-12-397157-9,retrieved2020-11-02

[7] Light, N; Champion, A. E. (1984)."Characterization of muscle epimysium, perimysium and endomysium collagens".The Biochemical Journal.219(3):1017–26.doi:10.1042/bj2191017.PMC1153576.PMID 6743238.

[8] Keren, David F. (2013-01-01), Wild, David (ed.),"Chapter 9.15 - Autoimmune Disease",The Immunoassay Handbook (Fourth Edition),Oxford: Elsevier, pp.869–890,doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097037-0.00069-5,ISBN 978-0-08-097037-0,retrieved2020-11-02

[9] Pruessner, H. T. (1998)."Detecting celiac disease in your patients".American Family Physician.57(5):1023–34,1039–41.PMID 9518950.Archived fromthe originalon 2020-05-28.Retrieved2015-05-23.

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Endomysium

Contents

Clinical significance

See also

References

External links