Wikipedia

Fields Medal

Not to be confused withField's metal.

TheFields Medalis a prize awarded to two, three, or fourmathematiciansunder 40 years of age at theInternational Congressof theInternational Mathematical Union(IMU), a meeting that takes place every four years. The name of the award honours the Canadian mathematicianJohn Charles Fields.[1]

Fields Medal
The obverse of the Fields Medal
Awarded forOutstanding contributions in mathematics attributed to young scientists
Presented byInternational Mathematical Union
Reward(s)CA$15,000
First awarded1936;88 years ago(1936)
Last awarded2022(2022)
Websitemathunion.org/imu-awards/fields-medalEdit this at Wikidata
The reverse of the medal

The Fields Medal is regarded as one of the highest honors a mathematician can receive, and has beendescribed as the Nobel Prize of Mathematics,[2][3][4]although there are several major differences, including frequency of award, number of awards, age limits, monetary value, and award criteria.[5]According to the annual Academic Excellence Survey byARWU,the Fields Medal is consistently regarded as the top award in the field of mathematics worldwide,[6]and in another reputation survey conducted byIREGin 2013–14, the Fields Medal came closely after theAbel Prizeas the second most prestigious international award in mathematics.[7][8]

The prize includes a monetary award which, since 2006, has beenCA$15,000.[9][10]Fields was instrumental in establishing the award, designing the medal himself, and funding the monetary component, though he died before it was established and his plan was overseen byJohn Lighton Synge.[1]

The medal was first awarded in 1936 to Finnish mathematicianLars Ahlforsand American mathematicianJesse Douglas,and it has been awarded every four years since 1950. Its purpose is to give recognition and support to younger mathematical researchers who have made major contributions. In 2014, the Iranian mathematicianMaryam Mirzakhanibecame the first female Fields Medalist.[11][12][13]In total, 64 people have been awarded the Fields Medal.

The most recent group of Fields Medalists received their awards on 5 July 2022 in an online event which was live-streamed from Helsinki, Finland. It was originally meant to be held inSaint Petersburg,Russia, but was moved following the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Conditions of the award

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The Fields Medal has for a long time been regarded as the most prestigious award in the field of mathematics and is oftendescribed as the Nobel Prize of Mathematics.[2][3][4]Unlike the Nobel Prize, the Fields Medal is only awarded every four years. The Fields Medal also has an age limit: a recipient must be under age 40 on 1 January of the year in which the medal is awarded. The under-40 rule is based on Fields's desire that "while it was in recognition of work already done, it was at the same time intended to be an encouragement for further achievement on the part of the recipients and a stimulus to renewed effort on the part of others."[14]Moreover, an individual can only be awarded one Fields Medal; winners are ineligible to be awarded future medals.[15]

First awarded in 1936, 64 people have won the medal as of 2022.[16]With the exception of two PhD holders in physics (Edward WittenandMartin Hairer),[17]only people with a PhD in mathematics have won the medal.[18]

List of Fields medalists

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In certain years, the Fields medalists have been officially cited for particular mathematical achievements, while in other years such specificities have not been given. However, in every year that the medal has been awarded, noted mathematicians have lectured at theInternational Congress of Mathematicianson each medalist's body of work. In the following table, official citations are quoted when possible (namely for the years 1958, 1998, and every year since 2006). For the other years through 1986, summaries of the ICM lectures, as written by Donald Albers,Gerald L. Alexanderson,andConstance Reid,are quoted.[19]In the remaining years (1990, 1994, and 2002), part of the text of the ICM lecture itself has been quoted. The upcoming Fields Medal ceremony is scheduled for 2026, taking place inPhiladelphia,US.[20]

Year ICMlocation Medalists[21] Affiliation
(when awarded) 		Affiliation
(current/last) 		Reasons
1936 Oslo,Norway Lars Ahlfors University of Helsinki,Finland Harvard University,US[22][23] "Awarded medal for research on covering surfaces related toRiemann surfacesofinverse functionsof entire andmeromorphic functions.Opened up new fields of analysis. "[24]
Jesse Douglas Massachusetts Institute of Technology,US City College of New York,US[25][26] "Did important work on thePlateau problemwhich is concerned with findingminimal surfacesconnecting and determined by some fixed boundary. "[24]
1950 Cambridge,US Laurent Schwartz University of Nancy,France University of Paris VII,France[27][28] "Developed thetheory of distributions,a new notion of generalized function motivated by theDirac delta-functionof theoretical physics. "[29]
Atle Selberg Institute for Advanced Study,US Institute for Advanced Study,US[30] "Developed generalizations of thesieve methods of Viggo Brun;achieved major results on zeros of theRiemann zeta function;gave an elementary proof of theprime number theorem(with P. Erdős), with a generalization to prime numbers in an arbitrary arithmetic progression. "[29]
1954 Amsterdam,Netherlands Kunihiko Kodaira Princeton University,US,University of Tokyo,Japan andInstitute for Advanced Study,US[31] University of Tokyo,Japan[32] "Achieved major results in the theory of harmonic integrals and numerous applications to Kählerian and more specifically toalgebraic varieties.He demonstrated, bysheaf cohomology,that such varieties areHodge manifolds."[33]
Jean-Pierre Serre University of Nancy,France Collège de France,France[34][35] "Achieved major results on thehomotopy groupsof spheres, especially in his use of the method ofspectral sequences.Reformulated and extended some of the main results of complex variable theory in terms ofsheaves."[33]
1958 Edinburgh,UK Klaus Roth University College London,UK Imperial College London,UK[36] "for solving a famous problem of number theory, namely, the determination of the exact exponent in the Thue-Siegel inequality"[37]
René Thom University of Strasbourg,France Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France[38] "for creating the theory of 'Cobordisme' which has, within the few years of its existence, led to the most penetrating insight into the topology of differentiable manifolds."[37]
1962 Stockholm,Sweden Lars Hörmander University of Stockholm,Sweden Lund University,Sweden[39] "Worked inpartial differential equations.Specifically, contributed to the general theory of linear differential operators. The questions go back to one ofHilbert's problemsat the 1900 congress. "[40]
John Milnor Princeton University,US Stony Brook University,US[41] "Proved that a 7-dimensional sphere can have several differential structures; this led to the creation of the field ofdifferential topology."[40]
1966 Moscow,USSR Michael Atiyah University of Oxford,UK University of Edinburgh,UK[42] "Did joint work with Hirzebruch inK-theory;proved jointly with Singer theindex theoremof elliptic operators on complex manifolds; worked in collaboration with Bott to prove a fixed point theorem related to the 'Lefschetz formula'. "[43]
Paul Cohen Stanford University,US Stanford University,US[44] "Used technique called"forcing"to prove the independence in set theory of the axiom of choice and of the generalizedcontinuum hypothesis.The latter problem was the first of Hilbert's problems of the 1900 Congress. "[43]
Alexander Grothendieck Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique,France[45] "Built on work of Weil and Zariski and effected fundamental advances inalgebraic geometry.He introduced the idea of K-theory (the Grothendieck groups and rings). Revolutionizedhomological algebrain his celebrated ‘Tôhokupaper’. "[43]
Stephen Smale University of California, Berkeley,US City University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong[46] "Worked in differential topology where he proved thegeneralized Poincaré conjecturein dimension n≥5: Every closed, n-dimensional manifold homotopy-equivalent to the n-dimensional sphere is homeomorphic to it. Introduced the method ofhandle-bodiesto solve this and related problems. "[43]
1970 Nice,France Alan Baker University of Cambridge,UK Trinity College, Cambridge,UK[47] "GeneralizedtheGelfond-Schneider theorem(the solution to Hilbert's seventh problem). From this work he generated transcendental numbers not previously identified. "[48]
Heisuke Hironaka Harvard University,US Kyoto University,Japan[49][50] "Generalized work of Zariski who had proved for dimension ≤ 3 the theorem concerning theresolution of singularitieson analgebraic variety.Hironaka proved the results in any dimension. "[48]
Sergei Novikov Moscow State University,USSR Steklov Mathematical Institute,Russia

Moscow State University,Russia University of Maryland-College Park,US[51][52]

"Made important advances in topology, the most well-known being his proof of the topological invariance of thePontryagin classesof the differentiable manifold. His work included a study of the cohomology and homotopy ofThom spaces."[48]
John G. Thompson University of Cambridge,UK University of Cambridge,UK

University of Florida,US[53]

"Proved jointly withW. Feitthatall non-cyclic finite simple groups have even order.The extension of this work by Thompson determined the minimal simple finite groups, that is, the simple finite groups whose proper subgroups are solvable. "[48]
1974 Vancouver,Canada Enrico Bombieri University of Pisa,Italy Institute for Advanced Study,US[54] "Major contributions in the primes, inunivalent functionsand the localBieberbach conjecture,in theory of functions of several complex variables, and in theory of partial differential equations and minimal surfaces – in particular, to the solution ofBernstein's problemin higher dimensions. "[55]
David Mumford Harvard University,US Brown University,US[56] "Contributed to problems of the existence and structure ofvarieties of moduli,varieties whose points parametrize isomorphism classes of some type of geometric object. Also made several important contributions to the theory ofalgebraic surfaces."[55]
1978 Helsinki,Finland Pierre Deligne Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France Institute for Advanced Study,US[57] "Gave solution of the threeWeil conjecturesconcerning generalizations of theRiemann hypothesisto finite fields. His work did much to unify algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory. "[58]
Charles Fefferman Princeton University,US Princeton University,US[59] "Contributed several innovations that revised the study of multidimensional complex analysis by finding correct generalizations of classical (low-dimensional) results."[58]
Grigory Margulis Moscow State University,USSR Yale University,US[60] "Provided innovative analysis of the structure ofLie groups.His work belongs to combinatorics, differential geometry, ergodic theory, dynamical systems, and Lie groups. "[58]
Daniel Quillen Massachusetts Institute of Technology,US University of Oxford,UK[61] "The prime architect of the higheralgebraic K-theory,a new tool that successfully employed geometric and topological methods and ideas to formulate and solve major problems in algebra, particularly ring theory and module theory. "[58]
1982 Warsaw,Poland Alain Connes Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France

Collège de France,France Ohio State University,US[62]

"Contributed to the theory ofoperator algebras,particularly the general classification and structure theorem of factors of type III, classification of automorphisms of the hyperfinite factor, classification of injective factors, and applications of the theory ofC*-algebrasto foliations and differential geometry in general. "[63]
William Thurston Princeton University,US Cornell University,US[64] "Revolutionized study of topology in 2 and 3 dimensions, showing interplay between analysis, topology, and geometry. Contributed idea that a very large class of closed3-manifoldscarry a hyperbolic structure. "[63]
Shing-Tung Yau Institute for Advanced Study,US Tsinghua University,China[65] "Made contributions in differential equations, also to theCalabi conjecturein algebraic geometry, to thepositive mass conjectureof general relativity theory, and to real and complexMonge–Ampère equations."[63]
1986 Berkeley,US Simon Donaldson University of Oxford,UK Imperial College London,UK[66]Stony Brook University,US[67] "Received medal primarily for his work on topology offour-manifolds,especially for showing that there is a differential structure on euclidian four-space which isdifferentfrom the usual structure. "[68][69]
Gerd Faltings Princeton University,US Max Planck Institute for Mathematics,Germany[70] "Using methods of arithmetic algebraic geometry, he received medal primarily for his proof of theMordell Conjecture."[68]
Michael Freedman University of California, San Diego,US Microsoft Station Q,US[71] "Developed new methods for topological analysis offour-manifolds.One of his results is a proof of thefour-dimensional Poincaré Conjecture."[68]
1990 Kyoto,Japan Vladimir Drinfeld B Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering,USSR[72] University of Chicago,US[73] "Drinfeld's main preoccupation in the last decade [are] Langlands' program and quantum groups. In both domains, Drinfeld's work constituted a decisive breakthrough and prompted a wealth of research."[74]
Vaughan Jones University of California, Berkeley,US University of California, Berkeley,US[75]

Vanderbilt University,US[76]

"Jones discovered an astonishing relationship betweenvon Neumann algebrasand geometric topology. As a result, he found a new polynomial invariant for knots and links in 3-space. "[77]
Shigefumi Mori Kyoto University,Japan Kyoto University,Japan[78] "The most profound and exciting development in algebraic geometry during the last decade or so was [...]Mori's Programin connection with the classification problems of algebraic varieties of dimension three. "" Early in 1979, Mori brought to algebraic geometry a completely new excitement, that was his proof of Hartshorne's conjecture. "[79]
Edward Witten Institute for Advanced Study,US Institute for Advanced Study,US[80] "Time and again he has surprised the mathematical community by a brilliant application of physical insight leading to new and deep mathematical theorems."[81]
1994 Zürich,Switzerland Jean Bourgain Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France Institute for Advanced Study,US[82] "Bourgain's work touches on several central topics of mathematical analysis: the geometry ofBanach spaces,convexity in high dimensions, harmonic analysis, ergodic theory, and finally, nonlinear partial differential equations from mathematical physics. "[83]
Pierre-Louis Lions University of Paris 9,France Collège de France,France

École polytechnique,France[84]

"His contributions cover a variety of areas, from probability theory to partial differential equations (PDEs). Within the PDE area he has done several beautiful things in nonlinear equations. The choice of his problems have always been motivated by applications."[85]
Jean-Christophe Yoccoz Paris-Sud 11 University,France Collège de France,France[86] "Yoccoz obtained a very enlightening proof ofBruno's theorem,and he was able to prove the converse [...] Palis and Yoccoz obtained a complete system of C∞conjugation invariants for Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms. "[87]
Efim Zelmanov University of Wisconsin-MadisonUniversity of Chicago,US Steklov Mathematical Institute,Russia,

University of California, San Diego,US[88]

"For the solution of the restrictedBurnside problem."[89]
1998 Berlin,Germany Richard Borcherds University of California, Berkeley,US

University of Cambridge,UK

University of California, Berkeley,US[90] "For his contributions to algebra, the theory of automorphic forms, and mathematical physics, including the introduction of vertex algebras and Borcherds' Lie algebras, theproof of the Conway–Norton moonshine conjectureand the discovery of a new class of automorphic infinite products. "[91]
Timothy Gowers University of Cambridge,UK University of Cambridge,UK[92] "For his contributions to functional analysis and combinatorics, developing a new vision of infinite-dimensional geometry, including the solution of two of Banach's problems and the discovery of the so called Gowers' dichotomy: every infinite dimensional Banach space contains either a subspace with many symmetries (technically, with an unconditional basis) or a subspace every operator on which is Fredholm of index zero."[91]
Maxim Kontsevich Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France

Rutgers University,US

Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France

Rutgers University,US[93]

"For his contributions to algebraic geometry, topology, and mathematical physics, including the proof of Witten's conjecture of intersection numbers in moduli spaces of stable curves, construction of the universal Vassiliev invariant of knots, and formal quantization of Poisson manifolds."[91]
Curtis T. McMullen Harvard University,US Harvard University,US[94] "For his contributions to the theory of holomorphic dynamics and geometrization of three-manifolds, including proofs of Bers' conjecture on the density of cusp points in the boundary of the Teichmüller space, and Kra's theta-function conjecture."[91]
2002 Beijing,China Laurent Lafforgue Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France[95] "Laurent Lafforgue has been awarded the Fields Medal for his proof of theLanglands correspondencefor the full linear groups GLr (r≥1) over function fields of positive characteristic. "[96]
Vladimir Voevodsky Institute for Advanced Study,US Institute for Advanced Study,US[97] "He defined and developed motivic cohomology and the A1-homotopy theory, provided a framework for describing many new cohomology theories for algebraic varieties; he proved theMilnor conjectureson the K-theory of fields. "[98]
2006 Madrid,Spain Andrei Okounkov Princeton University,US Columbia University,US[99]

University of California, Berkeley,US[100]

"For his contributions bridging probability, representation theory and algebraic geometry."[101]
Grigori Perelman(declined) None St. Petersburg Department of Steklov Institute of Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences,Russia[102] "For his contributions to geometry and his revolutionary insights into the analytical and geometric structure of theRicci flow."[101]
Terence Tao University of California, Los Angeles,US University of California, Los Angeles,US[103] "For his contributions to partial differential equations, combinatorics, harmonic analysis and additive number theory."[101]
Wendelin Werner Paris-Sud 11 University,France ETH Zurich,Switzerland[104] "For his contributions to the development ofstochastic Loewner evolution,the geometry of two-dimensionalBrownian motion,andconformal field theory."[101]
2010 Hyderabad,India Elon Lindenstrauss Hebrew University of Jerusalem,Israel

Princeton University,US

Hebrew University of Jerusalem,Israel[105] "For his results on measure rigidity inergodic theory,and their applications to number theory. "[106]
Ngô Bảo Châu Paris-Sud 11 University,France

Institute for Advanced Study,US

University of Chicago,US

Institute for Advanced Study, US[107]

"For his proof of theFundamental Lemmain the theory ofautomorphic formsthrough the introduction of new algebra-geometric methods. "[106]
Stanislav Smirnov University of Geneva,Switzerland University of Geneva,Switzerland

St. Petersburg State University,Russia[108]

"For the proof of conformal invariance of percolation and the planarIsing modelin statistical physics. "[106]
Cédric Villani École Normale Supérieure de Lyon,France

Institut Henri Poincaré,France

Lyon University,France

Institut Henri Poincaré,France[109]

"For his proofs of nonlinearLandau dampingand convergence to equilibrium for theBoltzmann equation."[106]
2014 Seoul,South Korea Artur Avila University of Paris VII,France

CNRS,France Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada,Brazil

University of Zurich,Switzerland

Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada,Brazil

"For his profound contributions to dynamical systems theory, which have changed the face of the field, using the powerful idea of renormalization as a unifying principle."[110]
Manjul Bhargava Princeton University,US Princeton University,US[111][112][113] "For developing powerful new methods in the geometry of numbers, which he applied to count rings of small rank and to bound the average rank ofelliptic curves."[110]
Martin Hairer University of Warwick,UK Imperial College London,UK "For his outstanding contributions to the theory of stochastic partial differential equations, and in particular for the creation of a theory of regularity structures for such equations."[110]
Maryam Mirzakhani Stanford University,US Stanford University,US[114][115] "For her outstanding contributions to the dynamics and geometry ofRiemann surfacesand their moduli spaces. "[110]
2018 Rio de Janeiro,Brazil Caucher Birkar University of Cambridge,UK University of Cambridge,UK "For the proof of the boundedness ofFano varietiesand for contributions to theminimal model program."[116]
Alessio Figalli Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich,Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich,Switzerland "For contributions to the theory ofoptimal transportand its applications inpartial differential equations,metric geometryandprobability."[116]
Peter Scholze University of Bonn,Germany University of Bonn,Germany "For having transformed arithmetic algebraic geometry overp-adic fields."[116]
Akshay Venkatesh Stanford University,US Institute for Advanced Study,US[117] "For his synthesis ofanalytic number theory,homogeneous dynamics,topology,andrepresentation theory,which has resolved long-standing problems in areas such as the equidistribution of arithmetic objects. "[116]
2022 Helsinki,Finland[a] Hugo Duminil-Copin Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France

University of Geneva,Switzerland[120]

Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,France

University of Geneva,Switzerland[120]

"For solving longstanding problems in the probabilistic theory of phase transitions in statistical physics, especially in dimensions three and four."[121]
June Huh Princeton University,US Princeton University,US "For bringing the ideas ofHodge theoryto combinatorics, the proof of the Dowling–Wilson conjecture for geometric lattices, the proof of the Heron–Rota–Welsh conjecture formatroids,the development of the theory of Lorentzian polynomials, and the proof of the strong Mason conjecture. "[121]
James Maynard University of Oxford,UK University of Oxford,UK "For contributions to analytic number theory, which have led to major advances in the understanding of the structure of prime numbers and inDiophantine approximation."[121]
Maryna Viazovska École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne,Switzerland École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne,Switzerland "For the proof that thelatticeprovides the densest packing of identical spheres in 8 dimensions, and further contributions to related extremal problems and interpolation problems inFourier analysis."[121][122]
  1. ^ICM 2022 was originally planned to be held inSaint Petersburg,Russia, but was moved online following the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.The award ceremony for the Fields Medals and prize winner lectures took place in Helsinki, Finland and were live-streamed.[118][119]

Landmarks

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The medal was first awarded in 1936 to the Finnish mathematicianLars Ahlforsand the American mathematicianJesse Douglas,and it has been awarded every four years since 1950. Its purpose is to give recognition and support to younger mathematical researchers who have made major contributions.

In 1954,Jean-Pierre Serrebecame the youngest winner of the Fields Medal, at 27.[123]He retains this distinction.[124]

In 1966,Alexander Grothendieckboycotted the ICM, held in Moscow, to protest Soviet military actions taking place in Eastern Europe.[125]Léon Motchane,founder and director of theInstitut des Hautes Études Scientifiques,attended and accepted Grothendieck's Fields Medal on his behalf.[126]

In 1970,Sergei Novikov,because of restrictions placed on him by the Soviet government, was unable to travel to the congress inNiceto receive his medal.[127]

In 1978,Grigory Margulis,because of restrictions placed on him by the Soviet government, was unable to travel to the congress inHelsinkito receive his medal. The award was accepted on his behalf byJacques Tits,who said in his address: "I cannot but express my deep disappointment—no doubt shared by many people here—in the absence of Margulis from this ceremony. In view of the symbolic meaning of this city of Helsinki, I had indeed grounds to hope that I would have a chance at last to meet a mathematician whom I know only through his work and for whom I have the greatest respect and admiration."[128]

In 1982, the congress was due to be held inWarsawbut had to be rescheduled to the next year, because ofmartial lawintroduced in Poland on 13 December 1981. The awards were announced at the ninth General Assembly of the IMU earlier in the year and awarded at the 1983 Warsaw congress.[129]

In 1990,Edward Wittenbecame the firstphysicistto win the award.[130]

In 1998, at the ICM,Andrew Wileswas presented by the chair of the Fields Medal Committee,Yuri I. Manin,with the first-ever IMU silver plaque in recognition of his proof ofFermat's Last Theorem.Don Zagierreferred to the plaque as a "quantized Fields Medal". Accounts of this award frequently make reference that at the time of the award Wiles was over the age limit for the Fields medal.[131]Although Wiles was slightly over the age limit in 1994, he was thought to be a favorite to win the medal; however, a gap (later resolved byTaylorand Wiles) in the proof was found in 1993.[132][133]

In 2006,Grigori Perelman,who proved thePoincaré conjecture,refused his Fields Medal[9]and did not attend the congress.[134]

In 2014,Maryam Mirzakhanibecame the first Iranian as well as the first woman to win the Fields Medal, andArtur Avilabecame the firstSouth AmericanandManjul Bhargavabecame the first person of Indian origin to do so.[135][136]

In 2022,Maryna Viazovskabecame the first Ukrainian to win the Fields Medal, andJune Huhbecame the first person of Korean ancestry to do so.[137][138]

Medal

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The reverse of the Fields Medal

The medal was designed by Canadian sculptorR. Tait McKenzie.[139]It is made of 14KT gold, has a diameter of 63.5mm, and weighs 169g.[140]

  • On the obverse isArchimedesand a quote attributed to 1st century AD poetManilius,which reads in Latin:Transire suum pectus mundoque potiri( "To surpass one's understanding and master the world" ).[141][142]The year number 1933 is written in Roman numerals and contains an error (MCNXXXIII rather than MCMXXXIII).[143]In capital Greek letters the word Ἀρχιμηδους, or "of Archimedes," is inscribed.
  • On the reverse is the inscription:
Congregati
ex toto orbe
mathematici
ob scripta insignia
tribuere

Translation: "Mathematicians gathered from the entire world have awarded [understood but not written: 'this prize'] for outstanding writings."

In the background, there is the representation of Archimedes'tomb,with the carving illustrating his theoremOn the Sphere and Cylinder,behind an olive branch. (This is the mathematical result of which Archimedes was reportedly most proud: Given a sphere and a circumscribed cylinder of the same height and diameter, the ratio between their volumes is equal to2⁄3.)

The rim bears the name of the prizewinner.[144]

Female recipients

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The Fields Medal has had two female recipients,Maryam MirzakhanifromIranin 2014, andMaryna ViazovskafromUkrainein 2022.[135][137]

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The Fields Medal gained some recognition in popular culture due to references in the 1997 film,Good Will Hunting.In the movie, Gerald Lambeau (Stellan Skarsgård) is anMITprofessor who won the award prior to the events of the story. Throughout the film, references made to the award are meant to convey its prestige in the field.[145]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ab"About Us: The Fields Medal".The Fields Institute,University of Toronto.Archivedfrom the original on 1 April 2022.Retrieved21 August2010.
  2. ^abBall, Philip (2014)."Iranian is first woman to nab highest prize in maths".Nature.doi:10.1038/nature.2014.15686.S2CID180573813.Archivedfrom the original on 8 October 2019.Retrieved29 March2018.
  3. ^ab"Fields Medal".www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk.Archivedfrom the original on 26 May 2021.Retrieved29 March2018.
  4. ^ab"Fields Medal".The University of Chicago.Archivedfrom the original on 7 April 2019.Retrieved29 March2018.
  5. ^Klainerman, Sergiu (2015)."Is the Fields Medal the Nobel Prize of Mathematics?"(PDF).Notices of the American Mathematical Society.62(4): 327.ISSN0002-9920.Archived(PDF)from the original on 28 June 2022.Retrieved28 June2022.
  6. ^"Top Award, ShanghaiRanking Academic Excellence Survey 2017 | Shanghai Ranking – 2017".Shanghairanking.Archived fromthe originalon 17 October 2020.Retrieved29 March2018.
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  10. ^"Israeli wins 'Nobel' of Mathematics"Archived23 May 2013 at theWayback Machine,The Jerusalem Post
  11. ^"President Rouhani Congratulates Iranian Woman for Winning Math Nobel Prize".Fars News Agency.14 August 2014. Archived fromthe originalon 26 December 2018.Retrieved14 August2014.
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  13. ^correspondent, Saeed Kamali Dehghan Iran (16 July 2017)."Maryam Mirzakhani: Iranian newspapers break hijab taboo in tributes".The Guardian.ISSN0261-3077.Archivedfrom the original on 18 July 2017.Retrieved18 July2017.
  14. ^McKinnon Riehm & Hoffman 2011,p. 183
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