Wikipedia

Global Greens

TheGlobal Greens(GG) is an international network of political parties and movements which work to implement theGlobal Greens Charter.It consists of various nationalgreen political parties,partner networks, and other organizations associated withgreen politics.

Global Greens
AbbreviationGG
Formation12 April 2001;23 years ago(2001-04-12)
TypeInternational non-governmental organization
Legal statusAssociation
PurposeWorld network ofgreenpolitical parties and organizations
HeadquartersRue Wiertz 31, 1050 Brussels, Belgium[1]
Region served
Worldwide
Membership
87 political parties and 9 organizations[2]
Convenors
Bob Hale andGloria Polanco
Main organ
Global Greens Congress
SubsidiariesGlobal Young Greens
Websitewww.globalgreens.orgEdit this at Wikidata

Formed in 2001 at the First Global Greens Congress, the network has grown to include 76 full member parties and 11 observers and associate parties as of May 2022, so a total of 87 members.[2]It is governed by a 12-member steering committee called the Global Greens Coordination, and each member party falls under the umbrella of one of four affiliated regional green federations. The day-to-day operations of the Global Greens are managed by the Secretariat, led by Global Greens Convenors Bob Hale and Gloria Polanco since 2020.

History

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The world's first green parties were founded in 1972. These were in theAustralianstate ofTasmania(theUnited Tasmania Group) and inNew Zealand(theValues Party). Others followed quickly: in 1973,PEOPLE(later the Ecology Party) was set up in the UK, and in other European countries Green and radical parties sprang up in the following years.[3]

Petra Kelly,a Germanecofeministactivist, is often cited as one of the first thinkers and leaders of thegreen politicsmovement. Her work in founding theGerman Green PartyinWest Germanyin 1980 was instrumental in bringing prominence to green political parties on both the national and international stages.

The first Planetary Meeting of the Greens was held inRio de Janeiroon May 30–31, 1992 in conjunction with theRio Earth Summitbeing concurrently held inBrazil.[4]It was here that the first ever Global Greens statement was issued, beginning with this preface:

Petra Kelly,a German ecofeminist and green politics thinker who founded theGerman Green Partyin 1980

"Experience teaches us that governments are only moved to take environmental problems seriously when people vote for environmental political parties."[5]

The first Global Greens Congress was held inCanberra,Australia, in 2001. The official Global Greens Charter was issued here, and the Congress delegates set up the framework and organizational structures that would build the Global Greens into an ongoing international network and movement, including the Global Greens Coordination. In 2010, the first Global Greens Secretary was appointed.[3]

Global Greens Charter

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The Global Greens Charter is the guiding document that establishes the principles and "core values" to which member parties and associated organizations should attempt to adhere.[6]It sets out global principles that cross boundaries to bind Greens from around the world together:

  1. Participatory Democracy
  2. Nonviolence
  3. Social Justice
  4. Sustainability
  5. Respect for Diversity
  6. Ecological Wisdom

Priorities outlined in the Charter include reforming the dominant economic model, tacklingclimate change,ending thehunger crisis,promoting vibrant democracy, working for peace, protectingbiodiversity.

The Global Greens Charter has been reviewed and updated twice during Global Greens Congresses since its original publishing in 2001: once inDakar,Senegal in 2012, and again inLiverpool,UK, in 2017. The updated 2017 version is offered in English, and past versions can be accessed in 11 various languages.[7]

Regional Federations of the Global Greens

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The Global Greens are organized into four regional federations across the world:

Global Greens Coordination

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The Global Greens has a 12-member steering committee called theGlobal Greens Coordination.[8]The makeup of this committee stems from three elected members from each of the four regional federations, supported by three alternates who can stand in when needed.

Global Greens Congress

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The Global Greens have held five Congresses since 2001 in various locations around the world:

  1. 2001 -Canberra,Australia
  2. 2008 -São Paulo,Brazil
  3. 2012 -Dakar,Senegal
  4. 2017 -Liverpool,UK[9]
  5. 2023 -Songdo,Korea[10]

The Global Greens strives to achieve regional diversity and representation, encouraging Congress locations to represent the wide geographical spread of the organization's member parties and organizations. The latest Global Greens Congress was held in 2023 and was hosted by theGreen Party Korea.[10][11]

Networks

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Federation of Young European Greensdemonstration inCopenhagen,during the Climate Summit 2009.

The Global Greens have five networks designed to enable global collaboration, communication and community among member parties and organizations:

  • Friends of Global Greens
    • This network is composed of Green parties, parliamentarians and activists who make recurring donations of any amount to the Global Greens.[12]
  • Global Greens LGBT+ Network
    • This network aims to:
      1. "SupportLGBT+groups within Green Parties around the world to work together and support each other;
      2. Support Green Parties looking to set up LGBT+ groups, and;
      3. Promote LGBT+ equality as outlined in the Global Greens Charter. "[13]
  • Global Greens Parliamentarians Network
    • This network is composed of GreenMembers of Parliamentfrom Global Greens member parties and works to fulfil the following objectives:
      1. "To be active, in a coordinated manner, in our parliaments on issues of identified global concern, in order to influence the governments of our countries, and the public whom we represent, to the goals specifically identified by the Global Greens;
      2. To develop a mutually-reinforcing and mutually-supportive network of MPs, as individuals, to help us each to become most effective in our parliamentary action, and realise our potential as movers of positive global change, and;
      3. To achieve positive change for Green goals at the global and regional levels through the strengthening of international institutions, including more parliamentarian representation and decision-making influence in those bodies. "[14]
  • Global Greens Women's Network
    • This network supports the participation of Green women worldwide in democratic political processes, by focusing on:
      1. "Capacity building and empowerment: training and developing skills, such as public speaking and leadership;
      2. Governance and participation: confronting inequalities at the organizational level and exchanging best practices to tackle them and promote participation;
      3. Campaigning about major topics relevant to women: such as gender justice and climate change, and;
      4. Carrying out formal functions as part of global Greens governance: e.g. nominating women to theAsia-Pacific Greens Federation(APGF) Council. "[15]
  • Global Young Greens
    • This network is a "youth-led organization supporting and uniting the efforts of young people from a green-alternative spectrum around the world. It works towards (1) ecological sustainability, (2) social justice, (3) grassroots democracy and (4) peace."[16]

Global Greens Ambassadors

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The Global Greens Coordination appointedChristine MilneAOas the first Global Greens Ambassador in 2015. Milne was appointed as Global Greens Ambassador in recognition of her considerable expertise in climate change and as an elected member of state and federal parliaments, including asLeader of the Australian Greens.

Member parties

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At least one full member party supports or participates in national government.
At least one full member party is present in the national legislature.
At least one full member party is present.
At least one associate member party is present.

Member parties in the Americas

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Marina SilvawithThomas LovejoyandStephen Schneiderin April 2010

Affiliated members in North, Central and South America form the Federation of the Green Parties of the Americas.[17]

Jill SteinandAjamu Barakain August 2016.
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
Argentina Partido Verde Extraparliamentary opposition In opposition in Tierra del Fuego
Bolivia Partido Verde de Bolivia
Brazil Partido Verde Junior party in coalition The party is represented in several state legislatures. in coalition 2003–2008
Canada Green Party of Canada/Parti vert du Canada Non-official partyHouse of Commons:(2). Provincial:British Columbia(2 members),New Brunswick(3),Ontario(2),Prince Edward Island(2). Municipal:Vancouver City Council(2).
Chile Partido Ecologista Verde de Chile in opposition Two seats on regional boards. One seat in theChamber of Deputies.
Colombia Alianza Verde Junior party in coalition Claudia López Hernández,a green, is mayor of Bogota. The party also has 3 regional governors and several mayors.
Dominican Republic Partido Verde Dominicano
Guatemala Movimiento Verde
Mexico Partido Ecologista Verde de México Supporting coalition Represented in several regional parliaments The party is criticized for its alleged corruption.[18]
Peru Partido Verde Peru
Venezuela Movimiento Ecológico de Venezuela Extraparliamentary opposition

TheGreen Party of the United States,while previously a full member, is no longer associated with the Global Greens.[19]

Member parties in Asia and Oceania

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Bob Brownat aclimate changerally in Melbourne on 5 July 2008

Affiliated members in Asia, Pacific and Oceania form theAsia Pacific Greens Federation.[20]

James Shaw,Minister for Climate Change (New Zealand),2019.
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
Australia Australian Greens In opposition (crossbench) In coalition government inA.C.T.,represented in all state and territory Parliaments, as well as in numerous local/city governments Formerly in coalition inTasmaniafrom 2010–14
Bangladesh Green Party of Bangladesh Extraparliamentary opposition unknown
India India Greens Party Extraparliamentary opposition
Uttarakhand Parivartan Party(UKPP) Extraparliamentary opposition
Iraq Green Party of Iraq Extraparliamentary opposition
Japan Greens Japan Extraparliamentary opposition Kazumi Inamura, a green, is mayor ofAmagasaki
South Korea Green Party of Korea Extraparliamentary opposition unknown
Lebanon Green Party of Lebanon Extraparliamentary opposition
Mongolia Mongolian Green Party Extraparliamentary opposition
Nepal Hariyali Nepal Party

Extraparliamentary opposition

Nepal Hariyo Party

Extraparliamentary opposition

New Zealand Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand In opposition The party endorsed the current mayor of WellingtonTory Whanau,and is represented on local councils in its own right inWellington,Dunedin,andPalmerston North,and inAucklandthrough theCity Visionjoint ticket. Formerly in coalition/Cooperation agreement/Confidence and supply in New Zealand from 1999–2002, 2005–2008, 2017–2023
Pakistan Pakistan Green Party unknown unknown
Republic of China (Taiwan) Green Party Taiwan Extraparliamentary opposition Represented inHsinchu County[21]
Trees Party Extraparliamentary opposition

Member parties in Africa

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Wangari Maathai,Kenya.
Frank Habineza,Leader of the African Greens Federation since 2008.

Affiliated parties in Africa form theFederation of Green Parties of Africa.

Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government Notes
Angola Partido Nacional Ecológico de Angola unknown unknown
Benin Les Verts du Benin Extraparliamentary Opposition
Burkina Faso Parti Ecologiste pour le Développement du Burkina unknown
Rally of the Ecologists of Burkina
Burundi Burundi Green Movement
Central African Republic Mouvement des Verts de Centrafique
Chad Union des Ecologistes Tchadiens - LES VERTS
Democratic Republic of the Congo Rassemblement des écologistes congolais Extraparliamentary Opposition Represented in parliament 2006–11
Egypt Egyptian Greens unknown
Gabon Parti Vert Gabonais/Gabon Green Party
Ghana Ghana Green Movement
Guinea Parti des Ecologistes Guineens
Ivory Coast Parti Ecologique Ivoirien
Kenya Mazingira Green Party Extraparliamentary opposition
Madagascar Madagascar Green Party unknown
Mali Parti Ecologiste du Mali
Mauritius Les Verts Fraternels Extraparliamentary opposition In coalition 2005–10.
Morocco Les Verts unknown
Mozambique Ecological Party of Mozambique Extraparliamentary opposition Extraparliamentary opposition
Niger Rassemblement pour un Sahel Vert unknown unknown
Nigeria Green Party of Nigeria
Rwanda Democratic Green Party of Rwanda In opposition
Senegal Les Verts Extraparliamentary opposition Represented in parliament between 2007 and 2012
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Green Party unknown
Somalia Democratic Green Party of Somalia
South Africa South African Green Alliance
Togo Afrique Togo Ecologie
Tunisia Tunisie Verte Extraparliamentary opposition
Uganda Ecological Party of Uganda unknown
Zambia National Revolution Green Party Zambia

Member parties in Europe

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Affiliated members in Europe form theEuropean Green Party.

Femke Halsema,2010; mayor ofAmsterdamsince 2018
Country Name National/Federal Government State/Municipal Government European Parliament Notes
Albania Green Party of Albania Extraparliamentary opposition in opposition 34 local councillors, 8 in urban municipalities and 26 in rural municipalities[22] Not anEUmember
Andorra Partit Verds d'Andorra Extraparliamentary opposition The party hasn't participated in recent local elections Not anEUmember
Austria Die Grünen Junior party in coalition in coalition inUpper Austria,Carinthia,Tyrol,SalzburgandVorarlberg In opposition
Belgium Ecolo Junior party in coalition Senior party in coalition inWalloniaandBrussels-Capital Region In opposition Form one Parliamentary group in the Federal Parliament
Groen Junior party in coalition In opposition inFlanders In opposition
Bulgaria Zelena Partija Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition
Cyprus Movement of Ecologists – Citizens' Cooperation In opposition Extraparliamentary opposition
Czech Republic Strana zelených Extraparliamentary opposition Extraparliamentary opposition In coalition 2006–10
Estonia Estonian Greens Extraparliamentary opposition 2 local government seats out of the nationwide 1717, both in Antsla. Extraparliamentary opposition
Finland Vihreä liitto/Gröna förbundet/Ruoná lihttu In opposition Represented in several municipalities. It has the second largest group of councillors inHelsinki In opposition In coalition 1995–2003, 2007–2014, 2019-2023
France Europe Écologie–Les Verts In opposition Senior coalition partner inGrenoble,Lyon,Bordeaux,Strasbourg,MarseilleandBesançon.Also in coalition inOccitanie,Nouvelle-Aquitaine,Centre-Val de LoireandParis,Nantes,Rennes. In opposition In coalition 1997–2002, 2012–14, represented in parliament 1997-2017
Georgia Sakartvelo's Mtsvaneta Partia/Green Party of Georgia unknown unknown Not anEUmember
Germany Bündnis '90/Die Grünen Junior party in coalition Senior coalition partner in theLandtag of Baden-Württemberg,also junior coalition party in 10 of 16 states. Senior coalition partner in the cities ofStuttgart,Darmstadt,Freiburg im BreisgauandHeidelberg in opposition in coalition 1998–2005
Greece Ecologoi Prasinoi/Ecologist Greens Extraparliamentary opposition Represented in 4/13 Regional Councils Extraparliamentary opposition
Hungary Lehet Más a Politika In opposition 54 seats in local city councils In opposition
Ireland
United Kingdom(NI)		 Green Party/Comhaontas Glas Junior party in coalition 44 councillors in ROI local government, 7 inNIlocal government 2 MEPs In coalition in ROI 2007–2011, 2020–present
Italy Green Europe In opposition Junior member of the governing coalition inEmilia-Romagna,CampaniaandSardinia Extraparliamentary opposition
Verdi–Grüne–Vërc Extraparliamentary opposition The party has 3 members in theLandtag of South Tyrol. Extraparliamentary opposition Part of theFederazione dei Verdibefore 2013
Luxembourg Déi Gréng In opposition Christiane Brassel-Rausch, a green, is mayor ofDifferdange In opposition
Malta AD+PD Extraparliamentary opposition Extraparliamentary opposition
Moldova Partidul Ecologist "Alianța Verde" din Moldova unknown unknown Not anEUmember
Netherlands De Groenen Extraparliamentary opposition 1 of 26 seats in thewater boardof Amstel, Gooi en Vecht Extraparliamentary opposition
Netherlands GroenLinks In opposition Senior coalition partner inNorth Holland,GroningenandUtrecht;junior partner in five other provinces. It is represented in most municipalities, it has the largest group of councillors inNijmegen,Utrecht,GroningenandAmsterdamand is the senior government party there. It has 9 of 316 mayors,[23]includingFemke HalsemaofAmsterdam. in opposition
North Macedonia Demokratska Obnova na Makedonija Junior party in coalition unknown Not anEUmember
Norway Miljøpartiet De Grønne In opposition In coalition in Oslo and Trondheim, represented in other big cities in opposition
Poland Partia Zieloni Junior party in coalition Represented in the regional parliaments ofSilesiaandWest Pomerania,and the city councils ofWarsawandOpole Extraparliamentary opposition
Portugal Partido Ecologista Os Verdes Extraparliamentary opposition in coalition in some municipalities (withPortuguese Communist Party) Extraparliamentary opposition
Romania Green Party of Romania Extraparliamentary opposition 2 mayor, 5 deputy-mayor, 117 local council member Extraparliamentary opposition
Russia Zelenaya Alternativa (GROZA) unknown unknown Not anEUmember
Scotland Scottish Green Party In opposition The party has 35 councillors across Scotland most notably 10 inEdinburghand 11 inGlasgow Not anEUmember
Slovakia Strana Zelených Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Extraparliamentary opposition Represented in parliament between 1990 and 2002
Slovenia Stranka mladih Slovenije/Youth Party of Slovenia Extraparliamentary opposition Extraparliamentary opposition
Spain Equo 1 deputy elected under the banner ofMás País In coalition inValenciaandBarcelona In opposition
Sweden Miljöpartiet de Gröna In opposition Represented in 168 of 290 municipalities, especially those in urban areas. In opposition
Switzerland Green Party of Switzerland In opposition Junior party in coalition cabinet in 7 cantons. Also in coalition inBern,Geneva,Zurich,orBasel-City. Not anEUmember
Turkey Green Left Party Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Not anEUmember The party works insideHDP
Ukraine Partija Zelenych Ukrajiny/Party of Greens of Ukraine Extraparliamentary opposition unknown Not anEUmember
United Kingdom(England and Wales) Green Party of England and Wales The party is represented in parliament by fourMPsandtwolife peers The party has 766 councillors in English and Welsh councils, and has majority control inMid Suffolk,as well as being in coalition in several other councils. It also has 3London AMs Not anEUmember The party dominated theBrighton and Hove City Councilbetween 2011 and 2015.

Observers and associate member parties

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Tim Jackson,author ofProsperity Without Growth.
Country Name Government Notes
Australia Federation for a Democratic China[citation needed] Extraparliamentary Opposition
Belarus Belarusian Party "The Greens"
Bulgaria Zelenite/The Greens
Costa Rica Cartago Green Party Represented at the local level
Denmark Socialistisk Folkeparti Parliamentary support In coalition 2011–14
Dominican Republic Partido Verde Dominicano Extraparliamentary Opposition
French Guiana Les Verts de Guyane
Guatemala Partido Los Verdes de Guatemala unknown
Indonesia Atjeh Green Party Extraparliamentary Opposition
Indonesian Green Party
Nepal Hariyali Nepal Party
Nicaragua Verdes en Alianza unknown
Philippines Philippines Greens
Russia Green Russia Extraparliamentary Opposition
Serbia Zeleni Srbije/Greens of Serbia Junior party in coalition
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Green Alliance Extraparliamentary Opposition

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Global Greens Secretariat established in Brussels, Europe".globalgreens.org.25 March 2013. Archived fromthe originalon 22 December 2017.Retrieved15 October2016.
  2. ^ab"Green Parties around the world | Global Greens".Archived fromthe originalon 2014-10-20.Retrieved2014-10-15.
  3. ^ab"WHO WE ARE".Global Greens.2011-04-20. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-07-07.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  4. ^"Global Green Party History Chronology - 1992".Global Greens.2008-08-02. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-07-14.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  5. ^"Final Statement of the First Planetary Meeting of Greens in Rio de Janeiro, 31 May 1992".Global Greens.1992-05-31. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-04-29.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  6. ^"Global Greens Charter".globalgreens.org.15 December 2007. Archived fromthe originalon 14 May 2008.Retrieved15 October2016.
  7. ^"Global Greens Charter".Global Greens.2007-12-15. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-10-23.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  8. ^"Global Greens Coordination".Global Greens.2009-05-28.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  9. ^"Previous congresses".Global Greens.2016-10-10. Archived fromthe originalon 2019-02-13.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  10. ^abGlobal Greens website,Korea 2023
  11. ^"Korea 2022".Global Greens.Retrieved2021-05-31.
  12. ^"Friends of the Global Greens (FRoGG)".Global Greens.2014-02-06.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  13. ^"Global Greens LGBT+ Network".Global Greens LGBT+ Network.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  14. ^"Parliamentarians Association (GGPA)".Global Greens.2016-01-29.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  15. ^"Women's Network (GGWN)".Global Greens.2016-01-29.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  16. ^"Global Young Greens (GYG)".Global Greens.2016-01-29.Retrieved2019-02-12.
  17. ^"GG Member".Global Greens.Retrieved2024-01-07.
  18. ^Tim Johnson,For Mexico's Ecologist Green Party, 'green' mostly means money, not environment,McClatchy Newspapers (June 18, 2012).
  19. ^Niranjan, Ajit (1 November 2024)."European Greens ask Jill Stein to stand down and endorse Kamala Harris".The Guardian.Retrieved1 November2024.
  20. ^"Members of APGF".Asia Pacific Greens.2013-09-12.Retrieved2020-09-25.
  21. ^"18 năm qua lần đầu! Lục đảng đánh hạ hai tịch thị nghị viên – chính trị – tự do thời báo điện tử báo".ltn.tw.30 November 2014.Retrieved15 October2016.
  22. ^"Partia e Gjelbër është e përfaqësuar me këshilltarë lokal në 8 Bashki dhe 26 Komuna".Archived fromthe originalon 2013-01-14.Retrieved2012-11-04.
  23. ^"Landelijk overzicht burgemeestersposten (Kroonbenoemde burgemeesters)".Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations(in Dutch). May 4, 2022.
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